• Key message A dataset of forest resource projections in 23 European countries to 2040 has been prepared for forest-related policy analysis and decision-making. Due to applying harmonised definitions, while maintaining country-specific forestry practices, the projections should be usable from national to international levels. The dataset can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4t880qh . The associated metadata are available at https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/8f93e0d6-b524-43bd-bdb8-621ad5ae6fa9 .

The original article was erroneously published without applying all the provided proof corrections in Section 5 and Table 1.

This paper analyzes changes in forested areas, as depicted in topographic maps, within the historical context of their publication in Serbia. The research focuses on the experimental field ?Goc- Gvozdac? of the University of Belgrade ? Faculty of Forestry, with additional reference to changes in Central Serbia. Changes were assessed across historical periods using four reference topographic maps: from 1893, 1929, 1971, and 1985. Data on shifts in forested areas (categorized as forest and other land) were obtained by vectorizing scanned analog maps using manual GIS editing tools. Additionally, currently available spatial data sets of land cover/use for 2021 were utilized for the analysis. The forest distribution across different geological formations was also evaluated. The results indicate a continuous increase in forested areas within the experimental field, rising from 77.6% in 1893 to 89.3% in 1985, and reaching 95.1% by 2021. The most significant increase occurred during the first reference period (1983? 1929), while the smallest growth was observed in the last one. Data for Central Serbia also reveal a general upward trend in forested areas throughout the 20th century, consistent with findings from the experimental field. However, analyses in the 21st century indicate only minor changes in the forested area. The historical data on forest area changes provide valuable insights, enhancing our understanding of forest development and informing better forest management planning, organization, and activity implementation. This is significant for enhancing knowledge from educational and scientific research perspectives, as well as providing the foundation for forest management in preservation and qualitative improvement.

The aim of this research is to use advanced technologies and selected statistical methods to more accurately assess and quantify the spatial distribution of Quercus frainetto (Hungarian oak) in Serbia. The study is based on data from the Second National Forest Inventory of Serbia (NFI-2), conducted between 2019 and 2022. The presence of Hungarian oak was recorded on 1,032 sample plots. For each of these plots, data were extracted from the NFI-2 database, including soil type classified according to WRB, elevation, slope, aspect, and the forest region to which each plot belongs. The data were analyzed using a combination of statistical and spatial methods supported by GIS tools (Kernel Density analysis and Hot Spot/ Getis-Ord Gi* analysis). The results indicate that Hungarian oak most frequently occurs at elevations between 250 and 600 m, on moderately to steeply inclined slopes (10?-25?), and predominantly on south and southwest aspects, confirming its thermophilous character. The highest occurrence was observed on Cambisols, whereas at higher elevations and steeper terrains the species also appears on Leptosols, demonstrating its ability to persist under more restrictive ecological conditions. Kernel Density analysis clearly identified two zones of high concentration of this species: southeastern Serbia, representing the core of its range, and western/ southwestern Serbia as another significant area of increased density. The Hot Spot analysis confirmed statistically significant ?hot spots? in these regions, while ?cold spots? were located in the lowland parts of central and northern Serbia. The applied approach, which integrates NFI data with GIS analyses, enables a clearer and more quantified understanding of the spatial distribution of Hungarian oak, as well as other tree species, providing a more reliable basis for forest management and forest monitoring.

The paper analyzes the growth and current stand characteristics of a fairly high-quality beech stand, about 90 years old, in western Serbia. Six experimental plots were selected and their structure and the most important growth elements were compared. The amounts of mean stand heights (30.9 - 34.1 m) and top stand heights (32.5-35.3 m) in the sampled fields show that the stand is located in one of the most productive sites in Serbia. The conclusion about the very high production potential of both the site and the stand is also indicated by the very high amounts of the wood volume of the main stand (437-935 m3/ha, depending on the density), significantly exceeding the yield table data, e.g. data from Schober (1975) and Wiedemann (1943), for very productive sites. Although the stand leaves a very favorable visual impression in terms of vitality and a number of canopy structure characteristics, it was found that the current state is not entirely satisfactory, that due to inadequate previous tending (thinning operations of predominantly weak intensity and periodicity) the stand has a significantly larger number of trees than it should be for a given age, and therefore with more or less insufficient and very often incorrectly developed crowns, but also with incorrectly spatially distributed and sufficiently high-quality (in terms of crown development and technical quality) so-called target trees that should have the function of trees of the future. Consequently, the target trees will undoubtedly be less able to respond to the necessary future thinning intervention than would have been the case if the stand had been thinned more heavily and more frequently in the past, which will be reflected in slower diameter growth, smaller target diameters at the end of rotation, and which will ultimately be reflected in the failure to achieve production goals and not reaching the site-based possible wood production.

The main objective of this study is to analyze the structural production and dynamic changes of mixed forests of fir, spruce and beech on Mt. Tara, in permanent sample plots which were exempt from the regular management over a period of more than 60 years (1955-2017). The results of the research indicate that during the analyzed period mixed forests of fir, spruce and beech have undergone a number of changes in structural and production terms. The significant presence of trees of large dimensions (volume accumulation) slowed down the developmental dynamics of these stands and made regeneration and recruitment difficult, which had a negative impact on their structural development and, in general, on the stability of these stands. The results show that selection forests are possible to achieve only with a permanent management approach and adherence to the modern principles of close-to-nature forest management. In this sense, selection cutting in the context of close-to-nature forest management is imposed as a means of accelerating the dynamics of development of these forests, repairing their structural development (by achieving and preserving their selection structure), ecological stability and functional values. On the contrary, the absence of activity and spontaneous development of these stands leads to a general devitalization and a deviation from the desired goals.