Background: The blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is a unique protective barrier located between the circulatory system and the central nervous system. BSCB plays a vital role in various diseases. However, there is little systematic research and recording in this field by bibliometrics analysis. We aim to visualize this field through bibliometrics to analyze the hotspots and trends of BSCB and in order to facilitate an understanding of future developments in basic and clinical research. Methods: To conduct a bibliometric study of original publications and their references, the keywords Blood Spinal-Cord Barrier and BSCB are searched and filtered from the Web of Science database (2000–2022), focusing on citations, authors, journals, and countries/regions. Additionally, clustering of the references and co-citation analysis was completed, including a total of 1926 articles and comments. Results: From the results, 193 authors were identified, among which Sharma Hs played a key role. As far as the analysis result of the clustering of the references is concerned, the most common type in cluster analysis is spinal cord injury (SCI) which is a current and developing research field. The keywords are also the specific content under these clusters. The most influential organization is Univ Calif San Francisco, and “Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America” magazine is the most cited magazine. Conclusion subsections: The research on BSCB is booming focusing mainly on “BSCB in SCI” including “activation,” “pathway,” and “drug delivery” which is also the trend of future research.

Previous studies have focused on the relationship between C-reactive protein and Trabecular Bone Score (TBS), but the correlation between C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio (CLR) and TBS remains unclear. Some studies have shown that of body mass index (BMI) is associated with CLR and TBS, respectively. This study focused on the correlation between CLR and TBS and the mediating effect of BMI based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2008. This study used data from the NHANES database (1789 males and 1699 females) to perform multivariate logistic regression, population characterization, and subgroup and interaction analyses to estimate the relationship between CLR and TBS, and explored the mediating role of BMI on the correlation between CLR and TBS through mediation analysis. A total of 3488 participants aged 20 years and older were recruited for this study. Multivariate regression analysis showed that those with a high CLR had a low TBS. Mediation analyses showed that CLR had a large direct effect on TBS (P < .0001) and that BMI partially mediated this relationship (55.2148%, P < .0001). This study found that increased levels of CLR were associated with decreased TBS and were influenced by BMI. CLR may be a valuable tool for assessing bone metabolism and deserves further exploration. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the impact of obesity on the lineage of the relationship between inflammation and bone health and provide new perspectives on the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.

C5 nerve root palsy is the most common complication following posterior cervical spinal canal expansion and reconstruction, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Although several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have explored the risk factors of C5 nerve root palsy, inconsistencies remain in key conclusions such as the role of age and C4-5 intervertebral foramen stenosis, and new clinical evidence published in recent years has not been integrated. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of C5 nerve root palsy after posterior cervical spinal canal expansion and reconstruction, providing a more precise and generalizable basis for clinical screening of high-risk patients and formulation of preventive interventions. Case-control trials on C5 nerve root palsy following posterior cervical spinal canal expansion and reconstruction were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. The search period spanned from each database’s inception to November 2025. Search strategies were tailored to each database’s characteristics. We extracted the basic characteristics of included studies, the incidence of C5 nerve root palsy symptoms, and associated risk factors. Included studies underwent risk of bias assessment and quality evaluation. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 18.0 to assess the incidence and risk factors of C5 nerve root palsy symptoms. (1) Seventeen studies were included, involving a total sample size of 2,995 cases. The incidence of axial symptoms was 14% (95%CI: 0.10, 0.17), with 15 studies meeting higher quality standards; (2) Meta-analysis results indicated that advanced age (OR = 2.71, 95%CI: 1.53 ~ 3.88)、male gender (OR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.03 ~ 0.68)、narrowing of the C4-5 intervertebral foramen width (OR=-0.61, 95%CI: -0.84 ~ 0.38)、changes in cervical curvature (OR = 2.88, 95%CI: 1.90 ~ 3.86)、increased spinal cord retraction distance (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.57 ~ 0.87) and high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI at the C4-5 spinal cord segment (OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.16 ~ 1.69) were identified as independent risk factors for C5 nerve root paralysis symptoms. Advanced age, male gender, narrowing of the C4-5 intervertebral foramen width, changes in cervical curvature, increased spinal cord retraction distance, and high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI at the C4-5 spinal cord segment are independent risk factors for C5 nerve root palsy symptoms. Patients with these high-risk factors require close follow-up and timely intervention to reduce the incidence of C5 nerve root palsy symptoms and improve their quality of life.

Objective: This systematic review evaluated the methodological quality, predictive performance, risk of bias, and clinical applicability of prediction models for disease progression and postoperative outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), aiming to provide evidence for model optimization and clinical translation. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to May 2026. Original studies developing or validating DCM prediction models were included. Data extraction followed CHARMS, risk of bias was assessed using PROBAST, and reporting quality was evaluated with TRIPOD. Results: Twelve studies (prospective and retrospective cohorts from China, the US, Canada, and the Czech Republic) were included. Modeling approaches ranged from conventional regression to machine learning algorithms, with AUCs from 0.53 to 0.93. Major predictors included age, baseline JOA/mJOA, symptom duration, smoking, comorbidities, and radiomic features. PROBAST revealed low bias in participants, predictors, and outcomes for most studies, except Kadanka et al. (2017) which showed high outcome bias; however, all studies had high analysis-domain bias due to inadequate sample-event matching, inappropriate continuous variable handling, inconsistent missing data management, and insufficient calibration reporting. Only five studies reported both discrimination and calibration, and four completed both internal and external validation. TRIPOD compliance ranged from 59.1 to 81.8%, with sample size planning, calibration reporting, and model coefficients being most underreported. Clinical translation remains limited. Conclusion: Current DCM prediction models carry high overall bias and methodological heterogeneity. Parsimonious clinical models using readily available predictors (age, baseline mJOA, symptom duration) with rigorous validation offer advantages in calibration and interpretability over high-dimensional radiomic machine learning models. Future research should prioritize external validation of simple models and development of bedside-friendly tools, with adherence to TRIPOD and PROBAST standards. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261407781 , CRD420261407781.

This study investigated the association between dietary magnesium intake and all‑cause and cause‑specific mortality among individuals with chronic neck pain (CNP). We enrolled 2955 CNP patients aged ≥20 years from the 1999–2020 NHANES database and used Cox regression, subgroup analysis, and Mendelian randomization‑based mediation analysis to explore relevant associations and mechanisms. During follow‑up, 719 all‑cause deaths, 180 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths, and 179 cancer deaths occurred. Multivariable‑adjusted analyses showed that higher dietary magnesium intake was significantly associated with reduced CVD mortality, with each 1 g/day increment linked to a 78% lower risk. A non‑linear association with a threshold of 0.5181 g/day was found for cancer mortality, above which mortality risk dropped significantly. Subgroup analyses confirmed result robustness. Mediation analysis revealed that magnesium lowered all‑cause and CVD mortality directly and indirectly by reducing C‑reactive protein (CRP) levels. These findings indicate that higher dietary magnesium intake predicts lower mortality risk in CNP patients, partly via CRP‑mediated anti‑inflammatory pathways, supporting dietary magnesium optimization from whole‑food sources to improve long‑term prognosis.

A2 astrocyte exosomes are closely associated with neuronal pyroptosis. Reduced expression of miR-139-5p was detected in A2 astrocyte exosomes under oxygen-