Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o efeito residual da adição de pó de rocha basáltica associado ou não a adubação química, sobre os atributos químicos do solo e produtividade da cultura da soja. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (5x2), testando, cinco doses de pó de rocha (0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0 Mg ha-1), com ou sem adubação química de NPK na formulação 05-25-06, com quatro repetições. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo. Foram avaliadas as características agronômicas de altura final de plantas, altura da inserção do primeiro legume, diâmetro do coleto, peso de 1000 grãos, produtividade da soja e os atributos químicos do solo. A adubação química influenciou os teores dos nutrientes P, K e Mn no solo. Na camada de 0-10 cm houve aumento dos teores de P e K. Na camada de 10-20 cm ocasionou redução no teor de Mn. O residual da aplicação das doses de pó de basalto ocasionou a redução das concentrações foliares de P, Cu, Zn. A adubação química complementar favoreceu a redução da concentração do Mg foliar. Altura de plantas, diâmetro do coleto, peso de grãos e produtividade foram maiores nos tratamentos que receberam a adubação química. A pequena liberação dos nutrientes do pó de basalto indica que tal material não pode ser utilizado como a principal fonte de nutrientes às plantas.

This bibliographical review brings information about the productive chain of beans, an essential product in the Brazilian diet, but present in several countries of the world. Beans are a source of protein, fiber, minerals and vitamins, allowing for healthy eating for easy access. Being, Brazil is the third largest producer of beans in the world, losing only to Myanmar and India, also the main consumer of beans in the world, having to import part of the beans consumed in Argentina. Due to iss, the bean culture is a promising crop, since the supply does not meet the domestic demand, being necessary the application of technologies that improve the yield and facilitate the cultivation. One of the obstacles of the crop is the susceptibility of the deterioration of the grains to store them, because, these grains stored, the commercial value tends to fall due to loss of quality. The objective of the work was to raise information on the productive chain of the beans. Periodicals, books, and information literatures were explored. Therefore, in view of the above, it was observed that in Brazil, the crop still needs to stimulate cultivation to supply domestic demand, improve storage conditions, invest in genetic improvement to maintain grain quality, and the study is necessary of new alternatives of destination for the residues generated by the processing and beneficiation of grains.

This study aimed to evaluate the attributes of natural fertility and intrinsic fragility of the soils of Ivinhema River Basin (BHI), to subsidize agricultural development projects and environmental control and monitoring bodies. For this purpose, 62 soil samples were collected, at a depth of 0 to 20 cm, in areas of native vegetation belonging to the state of Mato Grosso do Sul – Brazil. The characteristic climate of the study area is of the humid mesothermal subtype (Cfa) without drought. The predominant vegetation is of the Cerrado type and the geological substrate is predominantly composed of the Serra Geral and Caiuá Formation. The samples were air-dried and the physical attributes (sand, silt, and clay) and chemical variables (pH H2O, CaCl2, KCl, ∆pH, Al3+, m%, H + Al, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, CEC, SB, V%, OC, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) were determined according to methodologies in Embrapa's soil analysis methods manual. The data obtained were evaluated by descriptive statistics and principal component analysis. The results showed a great variety of soils inside the basin, whose natural fertility was high for the Leptsol, Regosol, and Nitisol soils, and low for the Argiluvic Plinthosol, Petroplinthic Plinthosol, and Planosol soils. The sandy soils showed lower levels of organic carbon and negative surface loads, which shows less capacity to retain cations essential to plant nutrition and less retention of environmental contaminants if any. Regarding the textural fragility of the soils of BHI, it was possible to verify the high sensitivity of the soil to erosion and susceptibility to the contamination of groundwater or infiltrated water. The data shown in research can fill the gaps of knowledge and/or for adapting conservation practices of agricultural soils that are more susceptible to erosive processes, as well as for environmental control and monitoring bodies and/or studies of area recovery and maintenance of soil fertility. This study aimed to evaluate the attributes of natural fertility and intrinsic fragility of the soils of Ivinhema River Basin (BHI), to subsidize agricultural development projects and environmental control and monitoring bodies. For this purpose, 62 soil samples were collected, at a depth of 0 to 20 cm, in areas of native vegetation belonging to the state of Mato Grosso do Sul – Brazil. The characteristic climate of the study area is of the humid mesothermal subtype (Cfa) without drought. The predominant vegetation is of the Cerrado type and the geological substrate is predominantly composed of the Serra Geral and Caiuá Formation. The samples were air-dried and the physical attributes (sand, silt, and clay) and chemical variables (pH H2O, CaCl2, KCl, ∆pH, Al3+, m%, H + Al, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, CEC, SB, V%, OC, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) were determined according to methodologies in Embrapa's soil analysis methods manual. The data obtained were evaluated by descriptive statistics and principal component analysis. The results showed a great variety of soils inside the basin, whose natural fertility was high for the Leptsol, Regosol, and Nitisol soils, and low for the Argiluvic Plinthosol, Petroplinthic Plinthosol, and Planosol soils. The sandy soils showed lower levels of organic carbon and negative surface loads, which shows less capacity to retain cations essential to plant nutrition and less retention of environmental contaminants if any. Regarding the textural fragility of the soils of BHI, it was possible to verify the high sensitivity of the soil to erosion and susceptibility to the contamination of groundwater or infiltrated water. The data shown in research can fill the gaps of knowledge and/or for adapting conservation practices of agricultural soils that are more susceptible to erosive processes, as well as for environmental control and monitoring bodies and/or studies of area recovery and maintenance of soil fertility.

The application of phosphate fertilizer is indispensable for the achievement of sustainable bean production, and P is necessary practically in the entire cycle. Thus, cultural management alternatives have been used in the best use of this nutrient, among them the use of Brachiaria as cover crop. The objective of this research was to evaluate the dynamics of phosphorus in the soil with and without the presence of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú as cover crop, and the bean response to phosphorus fertilization. We used a randomized block design with a split plot arrangement; the plots were composed of P2O5 doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha-1) via triple superphosphate; and the subplots were composed of the presence and absence of Brachiaria as previous cover crop cultivation of beans. Soil samples were taken at 15 and 30 days after sowing (DAS) bean. In the samples, phosphorus fractionation in soil was carried out by the Hedley technique. Phosphorus content was evaluated in the leaf and grain yield of bean plants. The phosphorus fertilization and cultivation of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú as cover crop provided changes in the levels of labile P of soil at 15 and 30 DAS bean, and labile P of soil only at 15 DAS bean. The presence of B. brizantha cv. Marandú as cover crop increases the P content in the bean leaf with consequent grain yield gain of 18%.