The aim of study was to compare the effects of supplementation of food with herbal oils ( Thymus vulgaris and Foeniculum vulgare ) on biochemical properties and electrolytes of rainbow trout infected with Yersinia ruckeri . In total, 120 healthy fish (mean weight 84 ± 1.02 g) were equally divided into four experimental groups. The experimental study was carried out for one week. The first group was control without supplementation and infection, the second group was infected and without oil supplementation, the third group was supplemented with oils (10 ml·100 g ^-1 rates) for one week and infected with Y. ruckeri and the last group was oil supplemented without infection. Results indicated that fish fed with dietary supplements showed enhanced bactericidal activity, total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride and bilirubin compared to the control ( P < 0.05). As the value of herbal oils was increased in diets, the plasma glucose level decreased. The levels of K, Na, Ca, and Mg increased whereas Cl values decreased, compared to the control. It can be concluded that diet supplementation with herb oils used in this study can increase disease resistance by increasing levels of some biochemical parameters and electrolytes in rainbow trout to Y. ruckeri infection.

The objectives of this research are the assessment of secondary effluents (SEs) quality by evaluating chemical parameters and biomarkers. For this purpose, MDA and GSH levels were determined by spectrofotometer. SOD, CAT, and GP_X activities were determined by using ELISA kit in the groups of control and the groups exposed to SE. The level of MDA and the activities of SOD in Gammarus pulex vary depending on the exposure time. GSH levels and GSH-P_X activities increased in G. pulex exposed to the effluent compared to the control during 24 h and 96 h. CAT activities were in SE group were found lower than the control in G. pulex during 24 h and 96 h. Current experimental results show that SOD, CAT, GP_X activities, and GSH and MDA levels in G. pulex are sensitive and appropriate responses for assess the effects of anthropogenic contaminants on the aquatic ecosystems, particularly effluent complex mixtures.

In this study, some biochemical responses of Cyfluthrin (CFT), a commercial insecticide in Dreissena polymorpha, were investigated. The 96 hour LC50 value of CFT on D. polymorpha was calculated as 553.22 ± 27.3 µg / L. D. polymorpha was exposed to subletal concentrations (1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of LC50 value) of CFT for 24 and 96 hours. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismustase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in D. polymorpha individuals. In D. polymorpha exposed to CFT, SOD activity increased compared to control. It was determined that CAT and GPx activities were inhibited compared to the control. As a result, D. polymorpha individuals exposed to CFT were found to cause increased oxidative damage.