A common terminology for the external morphological characters of centipedes (Chilopoda) is proposed. Terms are selected from the alternatives used in the Engli

To address the phylogenetic relationships of the centipede order Geophilomorpha (more than 1000 species), we have reinterpreted and expanded the knowledge on their morphological disparity, and have doubled the amount of molecular data available. We performed maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses, using 195 phylogenetically informative morphological characters for 80 species, and DNA sequences of 28S, 18S, 16S rRNA and COI for up to 48 species. We found strong support for the monophyly of Geophilomorpha, the basal dichotomy between Adesmata and Placodesmata = Mecistocephalidae, and the basal dichotomy within Adesmata between two clades that are recognized here as superfamilies Himantarioidea and Geophiloidea. With respect to the families currently in use, Himantarioidea comprises three well supported clades corresponding to (i) Oryidae, (ii) Himantariidae, and (iii) Schendylidae s.l. including Ballophilidae; Geophiloidea comprises another three supported clades corresponding to (iv) a new family Zelanophilidae, (v) Gonibregmatidae s.l. including Eriphantidae and Neogeophilidae, and (vi) Geophilidae s.l. including Aphilodontidae, Dignathodontidae, Linotaeniidae, and Macronicophilidae.

Chilopoda Geophilomorpha of Europe: a revised list of species, with taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes

Bonato L., lorio É. & Minelli A. 2011. — The centipede genus Clinopodes C. L. Koch, 1847 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae): reassessment of species diversity and distribution, with a new species from the Maritime Alps (France). Zoosystema 33 (2): 175–205. ABSTRACT Diagnosis, circumscription, species-level taxonomy and geographical occurrence of the genus Clinopodes C. L. Koch, 1847 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae) are revised by integrating published information with new evidence on its morphological diversity. Clinopodes is clearly distinguishable from all other geophilid lineages by a combination of features mainly in the forcipular segment, the trunk sternites and the ultimate legs. It is widespread in south-eastern Europe, from the Alps to the Caucasus. A total of 10 species are recognized, mainly differing in minor features of the forcipular coxosternite and the arrangement of sternal and coxal pores: C. carinthiacus (Latzel, 1880) n. stat.; C. caucasicus (Selivanov, 1884) n. comb. formerly Geophilus caucasicus; C. escherichii (Verhoeff, 1896); C. flavidus C. L. Koch, 1847; C. intermedius Dărăbanţu & Matic, 1969; C. latisternus (Attems, 1947) n. comb. from Pleurogeophilus latisternus; C. rodnaensis (Verhoeff, 1938); C. skopljensis (Verhoeff, 1... RÉSUMÉ Le genre Clinopodes C. L. Koch, 1847 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae): révision de la diversité et de la répartition des espèces, avec la description d'une nouvelle espèce des Alpes-Maritimes (France). La diagnose, la définition, la taxonomie des espèces et la répartition du genre Clinopodes C. L. Koch, 1847 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae) sont ici révisées par l'intégration de nouvelles données dûes à l'examen de diverses collections et à une consultation étendue de la bibliographie, et qui fournissent de nouvelles preuves de sa diversité morphologique. Clinopodes est bien distinct de tous les autres genres de Geophilidae par la combinaison de plusieurs caractères, particulièrement en ce qui concerne le segment forcipulaire, les sternites du tronc et les pattes terminales. Ce genre est largement réparti dans le sud-est de l'Europe, des Alpes au Caucase. Un total de 10 espèces est reconnu valide ici, et ces dernières se différencient les unes des autres par des caractères concernan...

The centipede genus Strigamia Gray (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Linotaeniidae) is revised with regards to morpholog-ical diagnosis, composition in known species, taxonomic nomenclature, major characters differentiating species, and geo-graphical distribution. Published information has been integrated and reinterpreted after direct examination of more thanhalf of the known species. The genus Strigamia is distinguished from similar genera (Agathothus Bollman, AraucaniaChamberlin, Damothus Chamberlin, Zantaenia Chamberlin) mainly by the conspicuous basal denticle of the forcipulartarsungulum, the paired ventral pore areas on the posterior part of trunk segments, and the remarkably swollen ultimatepair of legs in adult males. At least 32 distinct species are known and another 12 are recognized provisionally, whereas 21names are rejected as synonyms. Of all other nominal species that have been referred to Strigamia or its synonyms in thepast, 16 are shown not to actually belong to Strigamia and another 4 remain uncertain as to their generic assignment. Spe-cies of Strigamia differ mainly in the shape of the forcipular tarsungulum and denticle, average number of legs (overallrange from 31 to 83 pairs, possibly to 91), aspect of pleuropretergite and shape of metasternite of the ultimate leg-bearingsegment, and the arrangement of coxal pores. Strigamia as a whole inhabits the most part of the temperate Holarctic, butreaches southwards to the Indochinese region. The following new synonymies are introduced: Leptodampius Chamberlin,1938 = Korynia Chamberlin, 1941 = Strigamia Gray, 1843; Scolioplanes engadinus banaticus Verhoeff, 1935 = S. acum-inata (Leach, 1815); Scolioplanes mediterraneus Verhoeff, 1928 = S. crassipes (C.L. Koch, 1835). The following newcombinations are introduced: Strigamia auxa (Chamberlin, 1954), S. carmela (Chamberlin, 1941), S. texensis (Chamber-lin, 1941), S. tripora (Chamberlin, 1941), all from Korynia; S. exul (Meinert, 1886), S. sacolinensis (Meinert, 1870), S.sibirica (Seliwanoff, 1881), S. sulcata (Seliwanoff, 1881), all from Scolioplanes Bergsøe & Meinert; S. fusata (Attems,1903) from Diplochora Attems; S. lampra (Chamberlin, 1938) from Leptodampius; S. munda (Chamberlin, 1952) fromLinotaenia C.L. Koch; S. svenhedini (Verhoeff, 1933) from Paraplanes Verhoeff; S. urania (Crabill, 1954) from Tomotaenia Cook, 1895.