This study aims to develop a wettable formulation bioproduct from antagonistic bacteria, Bacillus stercoris isolate B.PNR1, and Streptomyces sp. isolate S.PNR29, targeting Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici ( Fol ), the cause of Fusarium wilt disease in tomatoes, while also promoting plant growth. The survivability of bacterial cells in the product was assessed over a 180‐day period at 4°C and 28°C. The bioproducts demonstrated significant control of Fusarium wilt disease, with B. stercoris isolate B.PNR1 bioproducts exhibiting superior disease control percentages compared to Streptomyces sp. isolate S.PNR29 bioproducts and commercial alternatives. Additionally, the bioproducts positively influenced tomato seed germination and seedling growth, with Streptomyces sp. isolate S.PNR29 bioproducts showing better growth performance in terms of plant length, weight measurements, and seed germination. In conclusion, B. stercoris isolate B.PNR1 and Streptomyces sp. isolate S.PNR29 bioproducts emerge as promising biocontrol agents, showcasing sustained efficacy against Fol and significant positive impacts on plant growth, thereby highlighting their potential for sustainable agriculture practices.

Peptides play regulatory roles in various plant development and defence processes. They function as molecular messengers that detect threats and trigger defence responses. This study aimed to identify the genes encoding endogenous plant elicitor peptide precursors (PROPEPs) in bananas and their role in inducing resistance to Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis (Rsc). Two precursor genes, MaPROPEP1 and MbPROPEP1, were discovered and predicted to encode the precursor proteins of elicitor peptides, namely, MaPep1 and MbPep1. Both elicitor peptides contained 23 amino acids of the active elicitor peptide, which activated innate immune responses in banana resistance to Rsc. The disease assessment was conducted by inoculating banana plants with Rsc isolate MY4101 using the root-stabbing method. The results demonstrated that MaPep1 and MbPep1 pretreatment enhanced resistance to banana blood disease, as indicated by reduced disease severity and the absence of wilting for 7 days after infection. The expression of the MaPROPEP1, MbPROPEP1, MaLOX7, and Pr-10 genes was evaluated using qPCR and found to be upregulated by MaPep1 and MbPep1 injection followed by Rsc infection in aboveground banana tissues within 7 days. These findings prove that MaPep1 and MbPep1 are members of the Pep family and exhibit conserved functions across various plant species. This approach may be used to develop strategies for enhancing disease resistance in banana cultivation.

Metabolism in filamentous fungi is shaped by nutrient availability, but this relationship remains poorly characterized in tropical polypores. We characterized the draft genome and the untargeted metabolome of submerged mycelial cultures of Fulvifomes fastuosus MSU245 grown for 21 days in malt extract broth (MEB) or potato dextrose broth (PDB), and measured the biological activities of the mycelial and culture-filtrate fractions. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–Orbitrap–MS/MS) detected 2822 positive- and 1792 negative-mode metabolite features—feature counts that include isotopes, adducts and in-source fragments and are therefore not compound counts—dominated by putatively annotated lipids, organic acids and organoheterocyclic compounds. Exploratory partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) separated the two media in both modes (R²X = 0.72–0.79; R²Y = 1.00; leave-one-out Q²Y = 0.91–0.92; 0 of 6 samples misclassified); with three biological replicates per medium the model is reported as descriptive only, and the medium effect is supported primarily by univariate statistics. Of 1374 differential features, 844 were more abundant in MEB and 530 in PDB, and no pathway remained significant after multiple-testing correction. The 48.97 Mb draft genome-encoded eight biosynthetic gene clusters, six of them terpene- or terpene-precursor-related, and 332 carbohydrate-active enzyme domains consistent with a white-rot decay strategy. Bioactivity was medium- and fraction-specific: the MEB mycelial extract reduced HeLa cell viability to 51 ± 4% after 48 h at 5 mg mL⁻¹, whereas α-glucosidase inhibition occurred only in the MEB culture filtrate (IC₅₀ 1.48 ± 0.14% v/v). The genomic and metabolomic datasets are compared rather than mechanistically coupled: no metabolite was identified to structure level and no biosynthetic cluster was linked to a product. Culture medium is therefore a major determinant of the annotated F. fastuosus metabolite profile, and the antiproliferative and α-glucosidase-inhibitory activities localize to different MEB fractions.