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Prof. Dr. Gang Huang
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics and Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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Article
Published: 13 August 2021 in Climate Dynamics
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The Northwest Pacific (NWP) anomalous anticyclone (AAC) intensifies and extends northward from El Niño decaying early to mid-summer, despite decaying El Niño-induced sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Indian Ocean, North Atlantic and subtropical NWP. The present study suggests the intra-seasonal variations of AAC are induced by local mean state changes and investigates the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of energetics. Compared with early summer, the efficiency of dry energy conversion from the mean flow to El Niño-excited AAC pattern increases in El Niño decaying mid-summer. The moist feedback over subtropical NWP is also enhanced in El Niño decaying mid-summer due to the onset of the climatological NWP summer monsoon. Both of them contribute to the intensification of El Niño-excited AAC pattern. Moreover, mean state changes over East Asia–NWP from early to mid-summer are found in favor of the northward shift of the preferred latitude of the circulation anomalies. Thus, the El Niño-excited AAC pattern are more northward-extended in El Niño decaying mid-summer. Empirical orthogonal function analyses further confirm that the northward extension of El Niño-excited AAC pattern stems from changes of local internal dynamic mode. The present study highlights that both the El Niño-induced SST anomalies and local atmospheric internal dynamics are of paramount importance for the intra-seasonal variations of AAC in El Niño decaying summer.

ACS Style

HaoSu Tang; Kaiming Hu; Gang Huang; Ya Wang; Weichen Tao. Intensification and Northward extension of Northwest Pacific anomalous anticyclone in El Niño decaying mid-summer: an energetic perspective. Climate Dynamics 2021, 1 -16.

AMA Style

HaoSu Tang, Kaiming Hu, Gang Huang, Ya Wang, Weichen Tao. Intensification and Northward extension of Northwest Pacific anomalous anticyclone in El Niño decaying mid-summer: an energetic perspective. Climate Dynamics. 2021; ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

HaoSu Tang; Kaiming Hu; Gang Huang; Ya Wang; Weichen Tao. 2021. "Intensification and Northward extension of Northwest Pacific anomalous anticyclone in El Niño decaying mid-summer: an energetic perspective." Climate Dynamics , no. : 1-16.

Preprint content
Published: 12 July 2021
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Regional consumption activities supported by domestic production and international trade have led to substantial amounts of aerosols worldwide, yet the resulting impacts on the global climate system remains unknown. Here we quantify for the first time the climate response to aerosols associated with consumption by developing and developed countries, by integrating a most current-generation fully coupled Earth system model, a recent multi-regional input-output table and an updated emission inventory used for climate change assessment. We find that although consumption associated sulfur dioxide emissions of developed countries are only 60% of those of developing countries, they lead to comparable impacts on the global mean surface air temperature (-0.20±0.09 versus -0.18±0.11 K; with 2 standard deviations) and precipitation (-0.017±0.017 versus -0.019±0.019 mm/day). This is because the emissions of developed countries and resulting forcing are more evenly distributed zonally and located at higher latitudes than the emissions of developing countries. Emissions of both developing and developed countries strongly cool the Northern Hemisphere and cause southward movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, while emissions of developing countries have stronger temperature and precipitation impacts over the tropical monsoon regions of China and India. This work serves as the first step of a comprehensive assessment of consumption associated climate impacts in support of global concerted action towards sustainable consumption and stabilized climate.

ACS Style

Jintai Lin; ChunJiang Zhou; Lulu Chen; Gang Huang; Jean-Francois Lamarque; Ji Nie; Jun Yang; Kaiming Hu; Peng Liu; Jingxu Wang; Yan Xia; Yang Yang; Yongyun Hu. Comparable sulfate climate impacts by consumption of developed and developing countries. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Jintai Lin, ChunJiang Zhou, Lulu Chen, Gang Huang, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Ji Nie, Jun Yang, Kaiming Hu, Peng Liu, Jingxu Wang, Yan Xia, Yang Yang, Yongyun Hu. Comparable sulfate climate impacts by consumption of developed and developing countries. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jintai Lin; ChunJiang Zhou; Lulu Chen; Gang Huang; Jean-Francois Lamarque; Ji Nie; Jun Yang; Kaiming Hu; Peng Liu; Jingxu Wang; Yan Xia; Yang Yang; Yongyun Hu. 2021. "Comparable sulfate climate impacts by consumption of developed and developing countries." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 April 2021 in Nature Geoscience
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The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a profound influence on global climate and ecosystems. Determining how the ENSO responds to greenhouse warming is a crucial issue in climate science. Despite recent progress in understanding, the responses of important ENSO characteristics, such as air temperature and atmospheric circulation, are still unknown. Here, we use a suite of global climate model projections to show that greenhouse warming drives a robust intensification of ENSO-driven variability in boreal winter tropical upper tropospheric temperature and geopotential height, tropical humidity, subtropical jets and tropical Pacific rainfall. These robust changes are primarily due to the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship, whereby saturation vapour pressure increases nearly exponentially with increasing temperature. Therefore, the vapour response to temperature variability is larger under a warmer climate. As a result, under global warming, even if the ENSO’s sea surface temperature remains unchanged, the response of tropical lower tropospheric humidity to the ENSO amplifies, which in turn results in major reorganization of atmospheric temperature, circulation and rainfall. These findings provide a novel theoretical constraint for ENSO changes and reduce uncertainty in the ENSO response to greenhouse warming. Greenhouse gas-induced warming intensifies atmospheric variability associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation, according to an analysis of global climate model projections.

ACS Style

Kaiming Hu; Gang Huang; Ping Huang; Yu Kosaka; Shang-Ping Xie. Intensification of El Niño-induced atmospheric anomalies under greenhouse warming. Nature Geoscience 2021, 14, 377 -382.

AMA Style

Kaiming Hu, Gang Huang, Ping Huang, Yu Kosaka, Shang-Ping Xie. Intensification of El Niño-induced atmospheric anomalies under greenhouse warming. Nature Geoscience. 2021; 14 (6):377-382.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaiming Hu; Gang Huang; Ping Huang; Yu Kosaka; Shang-Ping Xie. 2021. "Intensification of El Niño-induced atmospheric anomalies under greenhouse warming." Nature Geoscience 14, no. 6: 377-382.

Research letter
Published: 24 March 2021 in Geophysical Research Letters
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The 2018 Central Pacific (CP) El Niño preceded the 2019 strong positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD). The robustness of a CP El Niño preconditioning a strong pIOD has not been investigated. Here, we show that March‐April‐May (MAM) easterly anomalies over the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) induced by a preceding CP El Niño drive a thermocline shallowing conducive to an early equatorial EIO cooling. However, the same winds also generate off‐equatorial downwelling Rossby waves in the southern EIO, which reflect as downwelling Kelvin waves, able to weaken the initial anomalies. Furthermore, zonal winds in June‐July‐August (JJA) can either be beneficial or unfavorable for the developing pIOD. Only when the equatorial easterlies, EIO cooling, and thermocline shallowing are sufficiently amplified by JJA does a strong pIOD occur. Despite this, a multi‐century model simulation suggests that development of majority of strong pIOD events is facilitated by a preceding CP El Niño.

ACS Style

Kai Yang; Wenju Cai; Gang Huang; Benjamin Ng; Guojian Wang. Is Preconditioning Effect On Strong Positive Indian Ocean Dipole by a Preceding Central Pacific El Niño Deterministic? Geophysical Research Letters 2021, 48, 1 .

AMA Style

Kai Yang, Wenju Cai, Gang Huang, Benjamin Ng, Guojian Wang. Is Preconditioning Effect On Strong Positive Indian Ocean Dipole by a Preceding Central Pacific El Niño Deterministic? Geophysical Research Letters. 2021; 48 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Yang; Wenju Cai; Gang Huang; Benjamin Ng; Guojian Wang. 2021. "Is Preconditioning Effect On Strong Positive Indian Ocean Dipole by a Preceding Central Pacific El Niño Deterministic?" Geophysical Research Letters 48, no. 6: 1.

Article
Published: 18 March 2021 in Climate Dynamics
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Multidecadal variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) plays a vital role in Earth’s climate variability. Climate change has the potential to alter the causes and characteristics of AMOC multidecadal variability. Here we use a coupled climate model to simulate AMOC multidecadal variability under three distinct atmospheric CO2 concentrations: Last Glacial Maximum, preindustrial, and 4 × preindustrial levels. Firstly, we discover that AMOC multidecadal variability exhibits a shortened period and a reduced amplitude with increasing atmospheric CO2. We find that these changes in AMOC variability are largely related to enhanced ocean stratification in the subpolar North Atlantic with increasing CO2 which in turn changes the characteristics of westward propagating oceanic baroclinic Rossby waves. Our analysis indicates that the shortened period is primarily due to the increased speed of free oceanic Rossby waves, and the reduced amplitude is mainly due to the reduced magnitude of atmospherically-forced oceanic Rossby waves. Mean flow effects, in the form of eastward mean zonal advection and westward geostrophic self-advection, need to be considered as they largely increase the speed of Rossby waves and hence allow for a better estimate of the changes in the period and amplitude of AMOC variability. Secondly, to explore the possible linkage between atmospheric variability and AMOC fluctuations under each CO2 concentration in a qualitative manner, we analyze the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the AMOC and find a significant negative correlation between the two only under the preindustrial levels where the NAO leads the AMOC by 3–11 years.

ACS Style

Xiaofan Ma; Wei Liu; Natalie J. Burls; Changlin Chen; Jun Cheng; Gang Huang; Xichen Li. Evolving AMOC multidecadal variability under different CO2 forcings. Climate Dynamics 2021, 57, 593 -610.

AMA Style

Xiaofan Ma, Wei Liu, Natalie J. Burls, Changlin Chen, Jun Cheng, Gang Huang, Xichen Li. Evolving AMOC multidecadal variability under different CO2 forcings. Climate Dynamics. 2021; 57 (1-2):593-610.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaofan Ma; Wei Liu; Natalie J. Burls; Changlin Chen; Jun Cheng; Gang Huang; Xichen Li. 2021. "Evolving AMOC multidecadal variability under different CO2 forcings." Climate Dynamics 57, no. 1-2: 593-610.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Environmental Pollution
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In the context of global climate change, far less is known about the impact of long-term temperature variability (TV), especially in developing countries. The current study aimed to estimate the effect of long-term TV on the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China. A total of 23,721 individuals with a mean age of 56.15 years were enrolled at baseline from 2012 to 2016 and followed up during 2017–2019. TV was defined as the standard deviation of daily temperatures during survey years and was categorized into tertiles (lowest≤ 8.78 °C, middle = 8.78–10.07 °C, highest ≥ 10.07 °C). The Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) between TV and CVD. During the median follow-up of 4.65 years, we ascertained 836 cases of incident CVD. For per 1 °C increase in TV, there was a 6% increase of CVD (HR = 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.11]). A significant positive trend was observed between CVD risk and increasing levels of TV compared to the lowest tertile [HR = 1.34 (95% CI: 1.13–1.59) for the medium tertile, HR = 1.72 (95% CI: 1.35–2.19) for the highest tertile, Ptrend < 0.001]. Exposure to high TV would lose 2.11 disease-free years for the population aged 35–65 years and 66 CVD cases (or 7.95% cases) could been attributable to TV higher than 8.11 °C in the current study. The current findings suggested that long-term TV was associated with a higher risk of CVD incidence, it is needed to reduce the TV-related adverse health effect.

ACS Style

Yuting Kang; HaoSu Tang; Linfeng Zhang; Su Wang; Xin Wang; Zuo Chen; Congyi Zheng; Ying Yang; Zengwu Wang; Gang Huang; Runlin Gao. Long-term temperature variability and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: A large, representative cohort study in China. Environmental Pollution 2021, 278, 116831 .

AMA Style

Yuting Kang, HaoSu Tang, Linfeng Zhang, Su Wang, Xin Wang, Zuo Chen, Congyi Zheng, Ying Yang, Zengwu Wang, Gang Huang, Runlin Gao. Long-term temperature variability and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: A large, representative cohort study in China. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 278 ():116831.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuting Kang; HaoSu Tang; Linfeng Zhang; Su Wang; Xin Wang; Zuo Chen; Congyi Zheng; Ying Yang; Zengwu Wang; Gang Huang; Runlin Gao. 2021. "Long-term temperature variability and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: A large, representative cohort study in China." Environmental Pollution 278, no. : 116831.

Article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Climate Dynamics
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In this paper, the response of global monsoon to changes in orbital forcing is investigated using a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model with an emphasis on relative roles of precession and obliquity changes. When precession decreases, there are inter-hemispheric asymmetric responses in monsoonal precipitation, featuring a significant increase over most parts of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) monsoon regions and a decrease over the Southern Hemisphere (SH) monsoon regions. In contrast, when obliquity increases, global monsoon is enhanced except for the American monsoon. Dynamic effects (caused by changes in winds with humidity unchanged) dominate the monsoonal precipitation response to both precession and obliquity forcing, while thermodynamic effects (caused by changes in humidity with winds unchanged) is related to the northward extension of the North African summer monsoon. During minimum precession, the seasonal cycle of tropical precipitation is advanced with respect to the maximum precession. The rainfall increase in the transitional season (April-June in the NH and October-December in the SH) is dominated by the dynamic component. From an energetics perspective, the southward (northward) cross-equatorial energy transport during April-June (October-December) corresponds to a northward (southward) shift of tropical precipitation, which results in a seasonal advance in the migration of tropical precipitation. Nonetheless, there is no significant change in the seasonal cycle in response to obliquity forcing.

ACS Style

Zhaomin Ding; Gang Huang; Fei Liu; Renguang Wu; Pengfei Wang. Responses of global monsoon and seasonal cycle of precipitation to precession and obliquity forcing. Climate Dynamics 2021, 56, 3733 -3747.

AMA Style

Zhaomin Ding, Gang Huang, Fei Liu, Renguang Wu, Pengfei Wang. Responses of global monsoon and seasonal cycle of precipitation to precession and obliquity forcing. Climate Dynamics. 2021; 56 (11-12):3733-3747.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhaomin Ding; Gang Huang; Fei Liu; Renguang Wu; Pengfei Wang. 2021. "Responses of global monsoon and seasonal cycle of precipitation to precession and obliquity forcing." Climate Dynamics 56, no. 11-12: 3733-3747.

Research article
Published: 29 December 2020 in International Journal of Climatology
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Present study investigates the dominant modes of interannual variability in precipitation over the Hengduan Mountains (HM) during rainy seasons. The leading two empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes of HM precipitation explain 28.4 and 13.9% of the total variance, respectively. Positive EOF1 phase features enhanced precipitation anomalies over the southern HM, and a dipole structure with wet anomalies occupying large areas from the YunGui plateau to Tibetan Plateau is observed in positive EOF2 phase. Analysis of moisture budget and omega equation indicate the importance of leading EOF modes related circulation anomalies, which bring the horizontal warm advection to the HM, favouring the anomalous upward motions and precipitation increase there. For EOF1, the HM is controlled by an anomalous quasi‐barotropic cyclone. This cyclone is one part of a zonally oriented barotropic wave‐like pattern highly resembling the Silk Road pattern. Besides, the SST anomalies over the Indo‐Pacific sector are similar to the decaying phase of La Niña, which induces the wet anomalies and further triggers the anomalous lower‐level cyclone as a Rossby wave response. For EOF2, an anomalous cyclone appears over the Northeast Asia from lower to upper levels, and southerly wind anomalies prevail over the HM. The North Atlantic Oscillation and its coupled tripole SST pattern trigger a zonal wave‐like pattern at middle and high latitudes emanating from the Central Europe, across Mongolia to Northeast Asia. Moreover, the SST anomalies over the Indo‐Pacific sector resemble the developing phase of El Niño, which induces the meridional Pacific‐Japan/East Asia‐Pacific teleconnection from tropical NWP to Northeast Asia.

ACS Style

Weichen Tao; Gang Huang; Danhong Dong; Pengfei Wang; Ting Yu; Hainan Gong. Dominant modes of interannual variability in precipitation over the Hengduan Mountains during rainy seasons. International Journal of Climatology 2020, 41, 2795 -2809.

AMA Style

Weichen Tao, Gang Huang, Danhong Dong, Pengfei Wang, Ting Yu, Hainan Gong. Dominant modes of interannual variability in precipitation over the Hengduan Mountains during rainy seasons. International Journal of Climatology. 2020; 41 (4):2795-2809.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weichen Tao; Gang Huang; Danhong Dong; Pengfei Wang; Ting Yu; Hainan Gong. 2020. "Dominant modes of interannual variability in precipitation over the Hengduan Mountains during rainy seasons." International Journal of Climatology 41, no. 4: 2795-2809.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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Among the state‐of‐the‐art Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and 6 (CMIP5/6) models, there is considerable inter‐model spread in the projected changes in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and its components, including the three‐dimensional atmospheric circulation, western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH), and East Asian upper‐tropospheric westerly jet (EAJ). In this study, we extracted the leading inter‐model mode of the EASM changes based on the atmospheric circulation, and investigated its relationship with the WNPSH and EAJ. The leading mode of circulation, characterized as a low‐level cyclonic circulation change, is closely correlated with a weakened or eastward‐retreated WNPSH and a southward‐shifted EAJ. This systematic link between them is maintained by the stronger tropospheric warming over East Asia and the western North Pacific, which originates from the greater surface warming over the equatorial western Pacific.We investigated the future projections in East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) among different climate models. Its components, the western North Pacific subtropical high and East Asian upper‐tropospheric westerly jet, are closely related to the inter‐model uncertainty in the EASM projections. Their linkage is slightly different in the latest two generations of CMIP. We suggested to consider the EASM and its components as a coupled system in future projections.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Shijie Zhou; Gang Huang; Ping Huang. Inter‐model Spread of the Changes in the East Asian Summer Monsoon System in CMIP5/6 Models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2020, 125, 1 .

AMA Style

Shijie Zhou, Gang Huang, Ping Huang. Inter‐model Spread of the Changes in the East Asian Summer Monsoon System in CMIP5/6 Models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020; 125 (24):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shijie Zhou; Gang Huang; Ping Huang. 2020. "Inter‐model Spread of the Changes in the East Asian Summer Monsoon System in CMIP5/6 Models." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125, no. 24: 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2020 in Nature Climate Change
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ACS Style

Wenju Cai; Kai Yang; Lixin Wu; Gang Huang; Agus Santoso; Benjamin Ng; Guojian Wang; Toshio Yamagata. Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming. Nature Climate Change 2020, 11, 27 -32.

AMA Style

Wenju Cai, Kai Yang, Lixin Wu, Gang Huang, Agus Santoso, Benjamin Ng, Guojian Wang, Toshio Yamagata. Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming. Nature Climate Change. 2020; 11 (1):27-32.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenju Cai; Kai Yang; Lixin Wu; Gang Huang; Agus Santoso; Benjamin Ng; Guojian Wang; Toshio Yamagata. 2020. "Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming." Nature Climate Change 11, no. 1: 27-32.

Research article
Published: 06 November 2020 in Science Advances
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The North Atlantic and Southern Ocean exhibit enhanced ocean heat uptake (OHU) during recent decades while their future OHU changes are subject to great uncertainty. Here, we show that regional OHU patterns in these two basins are highly dependent on the trajectories of aerosols and greenhouse gases (GHGs) in future scenarios. During the 21st century, North Atlantic and Southern Ocean OHU exhibit similarly positive trends under a business-as-usual scenario but respectively positive and negative trends under a mitigation scenario. The opposite centurial OHU trends in the Southern Ocean can be attributed partially to distinct GHG trajectories under the two scenarios while the common positive centurial OHU trends in the North Atlantic are mainly due to aerosol effects. Under both scenarios, projected decline of anthropogenic aerosols potentially induces a weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and a divergence of meridional oceanic heat transport, which leads to enhanced OHU in the subpolar North Atlantic.

ACS Style

Xiaofan Ma; Wei Liu; Robert J. Allen; Gang Huang; Xichen Li. Dependence of regional ocean heat uptake on anthropogenic warming scenarios. Science Advances 2020, 6, eabc0303 .

AMA Style

Xiaofan Ma, Wei Liu, Robert J. Allen, Gang Huang, Xichen Li. Dependence of regional ocean heat uptake on anthropogenic warming scenarios. Science Advances. 2020; 6 (45):eabc0303.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaofan Ma; Wei Liu; Robert J. Allen; Gang Huang; Xichen Li. 2020. "Dependence of regional ocean heat uptake on anthropogenic warming scenarios." Science Advances 6, no. 45: eabc0303.

Research article
Published: 25 October 2020 in International Journal of Climatology
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We evaluated the dependence of the sensible heat flux trend over the Tibetan Plateau on elevation by comparing the 29 climate models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) with ground observations in the time period 1980–2005. The sensible heat flux trend over the Tibetan Plateau shows an elevation‐dependent variation in both the observations and reanalysis datasets, with a larger negative trend at higher altitudes. Most of the models analysed in this study performed poorly in simulating the linear trend of the sensible heat flux, although two models (HadGEM2‐CC and HadGEM2‐ES) reasonably captured the elevation range and seasons with a prominent decreasing trend in the sensible heat flux over the Tibetan Plateau. These two models possess good skills in depicting both the sensible heat flux trend and the terrain of the plateau in every 1,000 m wide altitudinal band. The coherence of the elevation‐dependent variation in the sensible heat flux trend between the observations and models is therefore not fortuitous. The sensible heat flux trend in most models of CMIP5 is sensitive to variations in the surface wind speed and the difference in temperature between the ground surface and the air, although these two factors show large biases deviating from the reanalysis product in almost all models in this study. In the HadGEM2‐CC and HadGEM2‐ES models, which showed a good performance in capturing the elevation‐dependent sensible heat flux trend, the leaf area index was shown to be the predominant factor affecting the variation in the sensible heat flux trend with elevation. That maybe link with the dynamic vegetation scheme in these two models.

ACS Style

Lihua Zhu; Gang Huang; Guangzhou Fan; Xia Qü; Zhibiao Wang; Wei Hua; Xin Lai. Evaluation of the dependence of the sensible heat flux trend on elevation over the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP5 models. International Journal of Climatology 2020, 41, 1 .

AMA Style

Lihua Zhu, Gang Huang, Guangzhou Fan, Xia Qü, Zhibiao Wang, Wei Hua, Xin Lai. Evaluation of the dependence of the sensible heat flux trend on elevation over the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP5 models. International Journal of Climatology. 2020; 41 (S1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lihua Zhu; Gang Huang; Guangzhou Fan; Xia Qü; Zhibiao Wang; Wei Hua; Xin Lai. 2020. "Evaluation of the dependence of the sensible heat flux trend on elevation over the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP5 models." International Journal of Climatology 41, no. S1: 1.

Research article
Published: 22 October 2020 in International Journal of Climatology
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The transitional climate zone (TCZ) over East Asia is an interface area between monsoon circulation and westerly circulation, making it highly susceptible to natural disasters and climate change. This study explores the spatial–temporal variation of the summer (May–September) TCZ during 1961–2018 and its response to monsoon rainy season. The summer Aridity Index (AI) instead of annual amount is used to recognize summer TCZ, with similar domain produced. However, differing from the annual total, the summer evaporation remains stable during the whole period, despite global warming. Hence, the summer TCZ has experienced little significant long‐term trends toward wetter or drier, since it is predominantly driven by precipitation that shows no clear tendency. The EOF decomposition reveals three key patterns accounting for 58.2% of the total variance: spatially uniform, south–north dipole and meridional tripole, which shows the complexity of spatial‐temporal variation in TCZ. TCZ is characterized by interdecadal mutations and periodical oscillations of 3 or 8 years. There exist remarkable 3 years interannual periods, with the greatest contribution stemming from the south‐central part of TCZ. In comparison, the northeast part exhibits a significant interdecadal band of about 8 years, which promotes the regime shift from wet to dry in the late 1990s over TCZ. Furthermore, the onset, retreat, and duration of the rainy season of TCZ in response to summer monsoon are examined, based on EEMD filtered 4 mm/day precipitation. All three indicators are subjected to strong interannual dispersion, without any significant overall trends. Only the retreat date of the western part of TCZ (100–110°E) is significantly correlated with the onset date. Dry‐wet condition in TCZ is more closely associated with the duration length of the monsoon influence. And we also notice that the westmost part of TCZ shows a greater sensitivity to monsoon activity than the east part.

ACS Style

Qiulin Wang; Lin Wang; Gang Huang; Jinling Piao; Chakrit Chotamonsak. Temporal and spatial variation of the transitional climate zone in summer during 1961–2018. International Journal of Climatology 2020, 41, 1633 -1648.

AMA Style

Qiulin Wang, Lin Wang, Gang Huang, Jinling Piao, Chakrit Chotamonsak. Temporal and spatial variation of the transitional climate zone in summer during 1961–2018. International Journal of Climatology. 2020; 41 (3):1633-1648.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qiulin Wang; Lin Wang; Gang Huang; Jinling Piao; Chakrit Chotamonsak. 2020. "Temporal and spatial variation of the transitional climate zone in summer during 1961–2018." International Journal of Climatology 41, no. 3: 1633-1648.

Research letter
Published: 29 September 2020 in Geophysical Research Letters
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El Niño, as the dominant interannual variability for global climate, exhibits different spatial “flavors” with distinct global impacts, and the ensemble of current model projects there will be an increase in the frequency of central Pacific El Niño (CP El Niño) in a warmer world. In this study, we identified that future changes in CP El Niño frequency are significantly related to the simulated cold tongue strength in CMIP5/6 models. A model simulating a stronger cold tongue tends to project more frequent CP El Niño events under global warming, due to the positive zonal advection feedback in the central Pacific. Based on this relationship, we calibrate the CP El Niño frequency projections using the emergent constraint concept, and reveal that the changes in CP El Niño frequency under global warming as projected in previous multi‐model ensembles more likely decrease because of an excessive cold tongue in CMIP5/6 models.

ACS Style

Wenping Jiang; Ping Huang; Gen Li; Gang Huang. Emergent Constraint on the Frequency of Central Pacific El Niño Under Global Warming by the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Bias in CMIP5/6 Models. Geophysical Research Letters 2020, 47, 1 .

AMA Style

Wenping Jiang, Ping Huang, Gen Li, Gang Huang. Emergent Constraint on the Frequency of Central Pacific El Niño Under Global Warming by the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Bias in CMIP5/6 Models. Geophysical Research Letters. 2020; 47 (19):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenping Jiang; Ping Huang; Gen Li; Gang Huang. 2020. "Emergent Constraint on the Frequency of Central Pacific El Niño Under Global Warming by the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue Bias in CMIP5/6 Models." Geophysical Research Letters 47, no. 19: 1.

Research letter
Published: 16 August 2020 in Geophysical Research Letters
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Analyses of wildfire‐climate relationships in North America were conducted using diverse independent observation and reanalysis data sets for the period 1984–2014. Results show that the western United States (WUS) has experienced the most robust increase in burned area, even though Alaska and western‐central Canada have comparable warming trends. In addition to warming, the WUS has been under the influence of multi‐decadal trends in tropospheric relative humidity deficit, reduced cloudiness, increased surface net insolation, and enhanced adiabatic warming and drying from increased tropospheric subsidence, as well as drying from enhanced offshore low‐level flow. These trends are found to be associated with a widening of the descending branch of the Hadley circulation, consistent with climate model projections under greenhouse gases warming. Due to the relative short (~30 years) data record, the aforementioned trend signals are likely also be affected by phase changes of natural interdecadal variability during the data period.

ACS Style

L. Zhang; W. Lau; W. Tao; Z. Li. Large Wildfires in the Western United States Exacerbated by Tropospheric Drying Linked to a Multi‐Decadal Trend in the Expansion of the Hadley Circulation. Geophysical Research Letters 2020, 47, 1 .

AMA Style

L. Zhang, W. Lau, W. Tao, Z. Li. Large Wildfires in the Western United States Exacerbated by Tropospheric Drying Linked to a Multi‐Decadal Trend in the Expansion of the Hadley Circulation. Geophysical Research Letters. 2020; 47 (16):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Zhang; W. Lau; W. Tao; Z. Li. 2020. "Large Wildfires in the Western United States Exacerbated by Tropospheric Drying Linked to a Multi‐Decadal Trend in the Expansion of the Hadley Circulation." Geophysical Research Letters 47, no. 16: 1.

Article
Published: 12 August 2020 in Climate Dynamics
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The surface air temperature (SAT) exhibits pronounced warming over West Antarctica in recent decades, especially in austral spring and winter. Using a 30-member ensemble of simulations by Community Earth System Model (CESM), two reanalysis datasets, and observed station data, this study investigates the relative contributions of internally generated low-frequency climate variability and externally forced climate change to the austral winter SAT trend in Antarctica. Although these simulations share the same external forcing, the SAT trends during 1979–2005 show large diversity among the individual members in the CESM ensemble simulations, suggesting that internally generated variability contributes a considerable part to the multidecadal SAT change in Antarctica. Quantitatively, the total forced contribution to the SAT (1979–2005) change is about 0.53 k/27 yr, and the internal variability can be strong enough to double or cancel the externally forced warming trend. A method called “dynamical adjustment” is utilized to further divide the forced response. We find both the forced thermodynamically-induced and the forced dynamically-induced SAT trends are positive over all the regions in Antarctica, with the regional mean values of 0.20 k /27 yr and 0.33 k/27 yr, respectively. The diversity of SAT trends among the simulations is closely linked to a Southern hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM)-like atmospheric circulation multidecadal change in the Southern Hemisphere. When there exists a positive–negative seesaw of pressure trend between Antarctica and the mid-latitudes, the SAT trend is positive over most of Antarctica but negative over the Antarctic Peninsula, and vice versa. The SAM-like atmospheric circulation multidecadal change mainly arises from atmospheric internal variability rather than remote tropical Sea Surface Temperature (SST).

ACS Style

Ya Wang; Gang Huang; Kaiming Hu. Internal variability in multidecadal trends of surface air temperature over antarctica in austral winter in model simulations. Climate Dynamics 2020, 55, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Ya Wang, Gang Huang, Kaiming Hu. Internal variability in multidecadal trends of surface air temperature over antarctica in austral winter in model simulations. Climate Dynamics. 2020; 55 (9-10):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ya Wang; Gang Huang; Kaiming Hu. 2020. "Internal variability in multidecadal trends of surface air temperature over antarctica in austral winter in model simulations." Climate Dynamics 55, no. 9-10: 1-13.

Research letter
Published: 11 August 2020 in Geophysical Research Letters
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A positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) refers to a sea surface temperature anomaly pattern with cold anomalies in the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean and warm anomalies in the west, leading to floods in the eastern African countries and droughts and bushfires in Indonesia and Australia. The pIOD displays strong inter‐event differences, ranging from an extreme event dominated by westward‐extended strong cold anomalies along the equator, to a moderate event with weakened cooling confined to region off Sumatra‐Java. Representation of the extreme pIOD varies vastly across ocean temperature products. Here we show that products generated in a system explicitly involving subsurface oceanic processes capture the nonlinear dynamics of the extreme pIOD, i.e., the equatorial nonlinear zonal and vertical advection, and systematically produce a more realistic extreme pIOD. Thus, our study identifies ocean temperature products that are more suitable for studying extreme pIOD and its climatic impacts.

ACS Style

Kai Yang; Wenju Cai; Gang Huang; Guojian Wang; Benjamin Ng; Shujun Li. Oceanic Processes in Ocean Temperature Products Key to a Realistic Presentation of Positive Indian Ocean Dipole Nonlinearity. Geophysical Research Letters 2020, 47, 1 .

AMA Style

Kai Yang, Wenju Cai, Gang Huang, Guojian Wang, Benjamin Ng, Shujun Li. Oceanic Processes in Ocean Temperature Products Key to a Realistic Presentation of Positive Indian Ocean Dipole Nonlinearity. Geophysical Research Letters. 2020; 47 (16):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Yang; Wenju Cai; Gang Huang; Guojian Wang; Benjamin Ng; Shujun Li. 2020. "Oceanic Processes in Ocean Temperature Products Key to a Realistic Presentation of Positive Indian Ocean Dipole Nonlinearity." Geophysical Research Letters 47, no. 16: 1.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2020 in Quaternary
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The Western Pacific Warm Pool (WP), with the highest sea surface temperature (SST) in the world, has strong impacts on the drought variations in Eurasia. However, since the little ice age (1250–1850, LIA), the co-climatic drought pattern due to WP warming in Eurasia remains unclear. This is a long-term warming background for the current warming period (CWP). In this paper, we use both instrumental data and 1625 tree-ring width records from Eurasia to investigate the drought patterns in both modern and historical periods. This study revealed two seesaw precipitation patterns, namely the Central Asia–Mongolia (CAMO) and Northern Europe–Southern Europe (NESE) patterns. When the Western Pacific Warm Pool sea surface temperature (WPSST) is high, precipitation increases in Central Asia and Northern Europe, and decreases in Mongolia and southern Europe. When the positive (negative) phase event of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurs, the WPSST is reduced (increased), and the decreases (increases) of precipitation in Central Asia and Northern Europe and the increases (decreases) in precipitation in Mongolia and southern Europe are more obvious. The CAMO dipole has been strengthened since the LIA. The CAMO dipole is positively correlated with solar radiation and Northern Hemisphere temperature, and negatively correlated with Pacific decadal oscillations (PDO).

ACS Style

Huanhuan Li; Keyan Fang; Jianhua Du; Feifei Zhou; Zhipeng Dong; Peng Zhang; Gang Huang. Influences of West Pacific Sea Surface Temperature on Covarying Eurasian Droughts Since the Little Ice Age. Quaternary 2020, 3, 16 .

AMA Style

Huanhuan Li, Keyan Fang, Jianhua Du, Feifei Zhou, Zhipeng Dong, Peng Zhang, Gang Huang. Influences of West Pacific Sea Surface Temperature on Covarying Eurasian Droughts Since the Little Ice Age. Quaternary. 2020; 3 (2):16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huanhuan Li; Keyan Fang; Jianhua Du; Feifei Zhou; Zhipeng Dong; Peng Zhang; Gang Huang. 2020. "Influences of West Pacific Sea Surface Temperature on Covarying Eurasian Droughts Since the Little Ice Age." Quaternary 3, no. 2: 16.

Original paper
Published: 15 May 2020 in Theoretical and Applied Climatology
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Using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.2, this study investigates the changes in secondary inorganic aerosols (SIOAs) over the Northern Hemisphere from 1850 to 2007, regional contributions, and consequences on surface air temperature. Results show that SIOAs changes can be divided into two stages. At the first stage (1850–1980), European and North American SIOAs concentrations increase, with a cooling effect especially over Europe and Eastern Siberia. At the second stage (1980–2007), SIOAs concentrations over Europe and North America are reduced with a warming effect in the mid-high latitudes, whereas SIOAs increase over East Asia and South Asia leading to a cooling effect there. The temperature changes over the emission source regions are mainly driven by radiative forcing. Horizontal transfer of heat leads to a temperature response in the Siberian region.

ACS Style

ChunJiang Zhou; Peng Liu; Gang Huang; Jintai Lin; Kaiming Hu; Lulu Chen; Jingxu Wang; Sixuan Li; Su Wang; Ruijing Ni. The impact of secondary inorganic aerosol emissions change on surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 2020, 141, 857 -868.

AMA Style

ChunJiang Zhou, Peng Liu, Gang Huang, Jintai Lin, Kaiming Hu, Lulu Chen, Jingxu Wang, Sixuan Li, Su Wang, Ruijing Ni. The impact of secondary inorganic aerosol emissions change on surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 2020; 141 (3-4):857-868.

Chicago/Turabian Style

ChunJiang Zhou; Peng Liu; Gang Huang; Jintai Lin; Kaiming Hu; Lulu Chen; Jingxu Wang; Sixuan Li; Su Wang; Ruijing Ni. 2020. "The impact of secondary inorganic aerosol emissions change on surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 141, no. 3-4: 857-868.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2020 in Energy
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Reanalysis products have become more and more popular for wind energy scientific community to analyze the wind speed variability and get long-term wind power estimations. The present study evaluates the biases of near-surface wind speed and wind power density in four of the most reputable reanalysis datasets, which include ERA-Interim, JRA-55, CFS and MERRA-2. The results indicate that the abilities of reanalysis products to reproduce the variabilities of wind speeds are different in different regions. JRA-55 and CFS offer the best estimates of annual and seasonal variabilities of surface wind speeds over the Northern Hemisphere. In detail, JRA-55 is the best to reproduce surface wind speeds in Asia, CFS has the best performance in Europe, and MERRA-2 just can reproduce the central part of North America. All the four datasets show decreasing tendencies in surface winds over the Northern Hemisphere during 1980–2016, although the trends are largely diverse among them. The most significant disagreements of wind speed trends are encountered between JRA-55 and MERRA-2, which are likely related to the different methodologies from the lowest model level that reanalyses use. The main drivers of wind speed trends are the changes of large-scale circulation, urbanization, and aerosol emissions.

ACS Style

Haozeyu Miao; Danhong Dong; Gang Huang; Kaiming Hu; Qun Tian; Yuanfa Gong. Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere surface wind speed and wind power density in multiple reanalysis datasets. Energy 2020, 200, 117382 .

AMA Style

Haozeyu Miao, Danhong Dong, Gang Huang, Kaiming Hu, Qun Tian, Yuanfa Gong. Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere surface wind speed and wind power density in multiple reanalysis datasets. Energy. 2020; 200 ():117382.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haozeyu Miao; Danhong Dong; Gang Huang; Kaiming Hu; Qun Tian; Yuanfa Gong. 2020. "Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere surface wind speed and wind power density in multiple reanalysis datasets." Energy 200, no. : 117382.