This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Cultural heritage (CH) is considered a key element of cities and regions’ identity anduniqueness, contributing to people's wellbeing and health, as well as jobs creation, environmentalregeneration and place attractiveness. The adaptive reuse of abandoned and underused CH can be asustainable strategy for heritage conservation, stimulating local development processes. However,heritage conservation needs large investments, while the resources available are scarce, and invest-ment projects are subject to high uncertainties. Therefore, a careful assessment of impacts is neededto orient and direct CH adaptive reuse projects towards sustainability. Recent studies approach theadaptive reuse of abandoned buildings and sites as an effective circular economy strategy, potentiallycontributing to climate objectives through environmental regeneration and the reduction of naturalresources consumption. However, evaluation tools to assess the impacts and orient adaptive reuseinterventions in the perspective of circularity are lacking. Through the analysis of 76 literature sourceson CH impacts, this article explores how indicators are currently used in CH research and practice asimpact assessment tools. More than 3500 indicators were retrieved and classified. Finally, this articleproposes a comprehensive evaluation framework to assess the impacts of cultural heritage adaptivereuse in the perspective of the circular economy. The results show that, while some indicators areavailable, many circularity aspects are not considered in the current studies on CH impacts.
Martina Bosone; Pasquale De Toro; Luigi Fusco Girard; Antonia Gravagnuolo; Silvia Iodice. Indicators for Ex-Post Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Impacts in the Perspective of the Circular Economy. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4759 .
AMA StyleMartina Bosone, Pasquale De Toro, Luigi Fusco Girard, Antonia Gravagnuolo, Silvia Iodice. Indicators for Ex-Post Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Impacts in the Perspective of the Circular Economy. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4759.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartina Bosone; Pasquale De Toro; Luigi Fusco Girard; Antonia Gravagnuolo; Silvia Iodice. 2021. "Indicators for Ex-Post Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Impacts in the Perspective of the Circular Economy." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4759.
By referring to the European Green Deal, this paper analyzes the “intrinsic value” of cultural heritage by investigating the human-centered adaptive reuse of this heritage. This implies questions such as how to improve the effectiveness of reuse, restoration, and valorization interventions on cultural heritage/landscapes and how to transform a cultural asset into a place, interpreted as a living ecosystem, to be managed as a living organism. The autopoietic characteristic of the eco-bio-systems, specifically focusing on the intrinsic versus instrumental values of cultural heritage ecosystem is discussed in detail. Specifically, the notion of complex social value is introduced to express the above integration. In ecology, the notion of intrinsic value (or “primary value”) relates to the recognition of a value that “pre-exists” any exploitation by human beings. The effectiveness of transforming a heritage asset into a living ecosystem is seen to follow from an integration of these two values. In this context, the paper provides an overview of the different applications of the business model concept in the circular economy, for a better investment decision-making and management in heritage adaptive reuse. Matera case is presented as an example of a cultural heritage ecosystem. To conclude, recommendations toward an integrated approach in managing the adaptive reuse of heritage ecosystem as a living organism are proposed.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Marilena Vecco. The “Intrinsic Value” of Cultural Heritage as Driver for Circular Human-Centered Adaptive Reuse. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3231 .
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Marilena Vecco. The “Intrinsic Value” of Cultural Heritage as Driver for Circular Human-Centered Adaptive Reuse. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Marilena Vecco. 2021. "The “Intrinsic Value” of Cultural Heritage as Driver for Circular Human-Centered Adaptive Reuse." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3231.
The general thesis of this contribution is that metropolitan cities—mostly port cities, also characterized most of the time by a relevant historical-architectural landscape—can reduce their agglomeration diseconomies if they adopt a ‘circular’ model of organization. The ‘territorialized’ model of circular economy is the ‘circular city’ model, which puts its centre with its suburbs, its historical centre with the port, and the consolidated city with the suburban territory in virtuous relationships. This chapter focuses on the multidimensional benefits of the circular economy and circular city model from an evaluation perspective, identifying an analytical list of indicators emerging from operational practice and the scientific literature. A multidimensional and multicriteria assessment method is used in the metropolitan city of Naples, Italy, to support the planning process for development of the port area from the perspective of the circular economy and circular city model. The originality of this assessment consists, on the one hand, in assuming evaluation criteria emerging from the strategy of the European Green Deal and, on the other hand, in focusing on the integration of the indicators proposed by the World Health Organization related to the Health Impact Assessment in a perspective that integrates environmental, economic and social impacts assessments.
Luigi Fusco Girard. Towards the Implementation of the Circular Economic Model in Metropolitan Cities: The Case of Naples. New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives 2021, 47, 303 -328.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard. Towards the Implementation of the Circular Economic Model in Metropolitan Cities: The Case of Naples. New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives. 2021; 47 ():303-328.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard. 2021. "Towards the Implementation of the Circular Economic Model in Metropolitan Cities: The Case of Naples." New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives 47, no. : 303-328.
The shift towards the new paradigm, that is, the “ecological and humanistic” paradigm, introduced by the United Nations in the Agenda 2030, and the current period of health emergency due to COVID-19 place the human dimension at the centre of the development strategies for our cities. The humanistic dimension, in particular, is related to human wellbeing, health and living conditions. The health and wellbeing of citizens depend on factors and actions that go beyond the health sector. In particular, here, the attention is focused on the negative impacts produced by pollution and climate change, issues that concern (and that are closely related to) most urban agglomerations in the world. The pandemic due to COVID-19 has highlighted the close relationship existing among social, natural and economic systems. Each system is interdependent on the other. Thus, the pandemic has boosted the necessity to accelerate efforts to address climate change. Therefore, in this framework, new urban development models are required. The circular economy model is proposed as a model able to reduce the negative impacts of urban transformations. The attention is then focused on implementation tools for improving decision-making processes and, in particular, on the evaluation tools for assessing the multidimensional impacts of urbanisation on human health.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Francesca Nocca. Climate Change and Health Impacts in Urban Areas: Towards Hybrid Evaluation Tools for New Governance. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1344 .
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Francesca Nocca. Climate Change and Health Impacts in Urban Areas: Towards Hybrid Evaluation Tools for New Governance. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (12):1344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Francesca Nocca. 2020. "Climate Change and Health Impacts in Urban Areas: Towards Hybrid Evaluation Tools for New Governance." Atmosphere 11, no. 12: 1344.
As the world continues to urbanize, identifying and implementing new urban development models and strategies is necessary to face sustainable development challenges. To this end, the circular economy model can be implemented in cities in order to operationalize and achieve human sustainable development managing simultaneously, in a systemic perspective, the social inequalities issue and the ecological and economic crisis. Today there are many cities that are defining themselves as a “circular city” but, to date, a clear definition of this does not exist. In the transition towards the circular city, tools (such as evaluation, governance, financial, business tools) play a fundamental role. The aim of this paper is (after an analysis of the concept of the circular city and its implementation, starting from literature, official documents and reports) to identify and analyze tools for implementing the circular city model. In particular, a set of indicators to assess (positive and/or negative) impacts of projects and initiatives of the circular city agenda is identified.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Francesca Nocca. Moving Towards the Circular Economy/City Model: Which Tools for Operationalizing This Model? Sustainability 2019, 11, 6253 .
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Francesca Nocca. Moving Towards the Circular Economy/City Model: Which Tools for Operationalizing This Model? Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6253.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Francesca Nocca. 2019. "Moving Towards the Circular Economy/City Model: Which Tools for Operationalizing This Model?" Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6253.
The circular city is emerging as new concept and form of practice in sustainable urban development. This is a response to the complex and pressing challenges of urbanization, as highlighted in the New Urban Agenda (NUA). The concept of a “circular city” or “circular city-region” derives from the circular economy model applied in the spatial territorial dimension. It can be associated with the concept of a “self-sustainable” regenerative city, as stated in paragraph n.71 of the NUA. This paper aims to develop an extensive form of “screening” of circular economy actions in emerging circular cities, focusing on eight European historic port cities self-defined as “circular”. The analysis is carried out as a review of circular economy actions in the selected cities, and specifically aims to identify the key areas of implementation in which the investments in the circular economy are more oriented, as well as to analyze the spatial implications of the reuse of buildings and sites, proposing a set of criteria and indicators for ex-ante and ex-post evaluations and monitoring of circular cities. Results show that the built environment (including cultural heritage), energy and mobility, waste management, water management, industrial production (including plastics, textiles, and industry 4.0 and circular design), agri-food, and citizens and communities can be adopted as strategic areas of implementation of the circular city model in historic cities, highlighting a lack of indicators in some sectors and identifying a possible framework for “closed” urban metabolism evaluation from a life-cycle perspective, focusing on evaluation criteria and indicators in the (historic) built environment.
Antonia Gravagnuolo; Mariarosaria Angrisano; Luigi Fusco Girard. Circular Economy Strategies in Eight Historic Port Cities: Criteria and Indicators Towards a Circular City Assessment Framework. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3512 .
AMA StyleAntonia Gravagnuolo, Mariarosaria Angrisano, Luigi Fusco Girard. Circular Economy Strategies in Eight Historic Port Cities: Criteria and Indicators Towards a Circular City Assessment Framework. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3512.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonia Gravagnuolo; Mariarosaria Angrisano; Luigi Fusco Girard. 2019. "Circular Economy Strategies in Eight Historic Port Cities: Criteria and Indicators Towards a Circular City Assessment Framework." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3512.
Purpose: Identify homogeneous areas for metropolitan cities in order to activate a new governance based on territorial synergistic and symbiotic conditions, thus increasing multidimensional territorial productive processes through spatial planning.Methodology/Approach: The adopted methodology aimed at structuring a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) through three main phases: 1) Selection of criteria and indicators; 2) Statistical implementation procedures; 3) Multi-criteria evaluation.Findings: Experimentation of a useful procedure for supporting the elaboration of strategic metropolitan plans oriented to development strategies for achieving a comprehensive territorial productivity. The obtained results can support the selection of territorial opportunities able to integrate complementary local resources and to activate synergies and symbiosis among them, combining tangible and intangible components.Research Limitation/implication: The research is the first step of a more general study that will be improved with the availability of more data, especially with reference to the industrial and economic processes.Originality/Value of paper: Proposal of an approach based on a complete integration between Geographic Information System, Multivariate Analysis and Multi-Criteria Evaluation in order to improve the governance of metropolitan cities.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Maria Cerreta; Pasquale De Toro. Towards a Local Comprehensive Productive Development Strategy: A Methodological Proposal for the Metropolitan City of Naples. Quality Innovation Prosperity 2017, 21, 223 -240.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Maria Cerreta, Pasquale De Toro. Towards a Local Comprehensive Productive Development Strategy: A Methodological Proposal for the Metropolitan City of Naples. Quality Innovation Prosperity. 2017; 21 (1):223-240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Maria Cerreta; Pasquale De Toro. 2017. "Towards a Local Comprehensive Productive Development Strategy: A Methodological Proposal for the Metropolitan City of Naples." Quality Innovation Prosperity 21, no. 1: 223-240.
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to provide an overview and critical outlook of current evaluation tools for the implementation of the UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach, focusing on the need of multidimensional / multistakeholder evaluation and impact assessment to turn heritage / landscape into a driver of sustainable development.Methodology/Approach: We analyse the definition of Historic Urban Landscape comparing the thoretical mandate to current tools / practices. Based on literature review and critical analysis of recent experiences, we identify indicators categories and evaluation methods that can be applied for a reacher cost-benefit analysis.Findings: Indicators and evaluation methods for multidmensional impact assessment of conservation / regeneration are not applied in HUL recent initiatives and guidelines. Evaluation tools can be developed and tested to inform decision-making processes and to turn the cultural value of heritage / landscape into a resource able to attract investments. A framework for HUL impact assessment can be structured including wellbeing indicators and stakeholders analysis.Research Limitation/implication: New hybrid tools are proposed, providing a possible toolkit for evaluation. However, it needs further testing and implementation.Originality/Value of paper: This paper contributes to bridging the gap between the theoretical approach of the Historic Urban Landscape and its operative practice. The HUL approach has been generally acquired in the theoretical research, but its implementation is still sporadic, and unframed into urban regeneration policies. Evaluation tools are not incorporated in the HUL practices. This paper aims to advance the existing knowledge on evaluation tools to make operational the HUL approach.
Antonia Gravagnuolo; Luigi Fusco Girard. Multicriteria Tools for the Implementation of Historic Urban Landscape. Quality Innovation Prosperity 2017, 21, 186 -201.
AMA StyleAntonia Gravagnuolo, Luigi Fusco Girard. Multicriteria Tools for the Implementation of Historic Urban Landscape. Quality Innovation Prosperity. 2017; 21 (1):186-201.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonia Gravagnuolo; Luigi Fusco Girard. 2017. "Multicriteria Tools for the Implementation of Historic Urban Landscape." Quality Innovation Prosperity 21, no. 1: 186-201.
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. This special issue of Sustainability is devoted to a very important sustainability topic, viz. cities and waterfront infrastructure. The presence of—and access to—water has been a critical factor in the long history of settlement patterns of humankind. Water is not only a necessary consumption good for survival, but has also an important production potential in an economic sense.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Karima Kourtit; Peter Nijkamp. Waterfront Areas as Hotspots of Sustainable and Creative Development of Cities. Sustainability 2014, 6, 4580 -4586.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Karima Kourtit, Peter Nijkamp. Waterfront Areas as Hotspots of Sustainable and Creative Development of Cities. Sustainability. 2014; 6 (7):4580-4586.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Karima Kourtit; Peter Nijkamp. 2014. "Waterfront Areas as Hotspots of Sustainable and Creative Development of Cities." Sustainability 6, no. 7: 4580-4586.
After the 2008 crisis, smart sustainable development of port areas/cities should be developed on the basis of specific principles: the synergy principle (between different actors/systems, in particular the socio-cultural and economic system), the creativity principle and the circularization principle. The Historic Urban landscape (HUL) approach becomes the guarantee that the transition toward the smart city development model is based on specific local cultural resources, and not only on technological innovations. In other words, the eco-town/eco-city strategy becomes culture-led. It stimulates places as spatial “loci” for implementing synergies and circularization processes. Without new evaluation tools and a widespread “evaluation culture” the risks in implementing HUL are very high.
Luigi Fusco Girard. Toward a Smart Sustainable Development of Port Cities/Areas: The Role of the “Historic Urban Landscape” Approach. Sustainability 2013, 5, 4329 -4348.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard. Toward a Smart Sustainable Development of Port Cities/Areas: The Role of the “Historic Urban Landscape” Approach. Sustainability. 2013; 5 (10):4329-4348.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard. 2013. "Toward a Smart Sustainable Development of Port Cities/Areas: The Role of the “Historic Urban Landscape” Approach." Sustainability 5, no. 10: 4329-4348.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Maria Cerreta; Pasquale De Toro. ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS): AN INTEGRATED SPATIAL ASSESSMENT FOR PLANNING STRATEGIC CHOICES. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process 2012, 4, 1 .
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Maria Cerreta, Pasquale De Toro. ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS): AN INTEGRATED SPATIAL ASSESSMENT FOR PLANNING STRATEGIC CHOICES. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. 2012; 4 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Maria Cerreta; Pasquale De Toro. 2012. "ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS): AN INTEGRATED SPATIAL ASSESSMENT FOR PLANNING STRATEGIC CHOICES." International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process 4, no. 1: 1.
The story of public policies and urban development plans is characterized by continuous deals, is affected by an dynamic institutional counterbalance among actors, a political re-formulation of actions that relevantly reduce the affordability of forecasts of success. The interaction among different actors affects the designed path of change, and the negotiation can change strategies, can accelerate or delay pieces of the predicted urban development and consequently modify the flow of positive/negative economic effect, according to the prevalence of one actor on the other inside the different step of the process. Since game theory to perspective theory economic literature describes each actor as afraid of losing the advantage obtained in a process, even in the case of urban transformation when another manages to get one more for himself. The relationship between major advantage of someone and less advantage of some other is relevant when two parties are in competition each other. In this paper a weighting system is applied to actors’ view of reciprocal i8mportance, trying to understand who is going to affect more effectively the bargaining in a complex urban development process. L. Fusco Girard wrote the first and the second paragraph, C.M. Torre wrote the third and the fourth paragraph.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Carmelo Maria Torre. The Use of Ahp in a Multiactor Evaluation for Urban Development Programs: A Case Study. Computer Vision 2012, 7334, 157 -167.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Carmelo Maria Torre. The Use of Ahp in a Multiactor Evaluation for Urban Development Programs: A Case Study. Computer Vision. 2012; 7334 ():157-167.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Carmelo Maria Torre. 2012. "The Use of Ahp in a Multiactor Evaluation for Urban Development Programs: A Case Study." Computer Vision 7334, no. : 157-167.
Maria Cerreta; Pasquale De Toro; Luigi Fusco Girard. INTEGRATED SPATIAL ASSESSMENT IN PLANNING: STRATEGIC CHOICES FOR CAVA DE' TIRRENI MASTER PLAN. 2011, 1 .
AMA StyleMaria Cerreta, Pasquale De Toro, Luigi Fusco Girard. INTEGRATED SPATIAL ASSESSMENT IN PLANNING: STRATEGIC CHOICES FOR CAVA DE' TIRRENI MASTER PLAN. . 2011; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Cerreta; Pasquale De Toro; Luigi Fusco Girard. 2011. "INTEGRATED SPATIAL ASSESSMENT IN PLANNING: STRATEGIC CHOICES FOR CAVA DE' TIRRENI MASTER PLAN." , no. : 1.
Evaluation should be conceived as having a relational nature, as a process based on interpretation and comparison and able to activate and develop relationships (among persons, among persons and their environment, etc.). Indeed, interpretation and comparison are key elements of critical thinking and therefore of cultural resilience. Creative evaluations combine hard and soft values, quantity and quality, specific interests and common good in innovative way. This is the fundamental characteristic of creative actions/projects/plans.
Luigi Fusco Girard. Creative Evaluations for a Human Sustainable Planning. Making Strategies in Spatial Planning 2010, 305 -327.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard. Creative Evaluations for a Human Sustainable Planning. Making Strategies in Spatial Planning. 2010; ():305-327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard. 2010. "Creative Evaluations for a Human Sustainable Planning." Making Strategies in Spatial Planning , no. : 305-327.
Starting from the concept of “territory” and from the definition of “integrated assessment”, the paper defines the operational dimensions of spatial integrated assessment (ISA), applying it to the territorial context of San Marco dei Cavoti (a rural village in Southern Italy). In particular, the paper proposes an integration between analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS) for the strategies definition of planning choices, recognizing the relevant role of the environmental aspects in the decision-making process and alternatives selection.
Luigi Fusco Girard; Pasquale De Toro. Integrated spatial assessment: a multicriteria approach to sustainable development of cultural and environmental heritage in San Marco dei Cavoti, Italy. Central European Journal of Operations Research 2007, 15, 281 -299.
AMA StyleLuigi Fusco Girard, Pasquale De Toro. Integrated spatial assessment: a multicriteria approach to sustainable development of cultural and environmental heritage in San Marco dei Cavoti, Italy. Central European Journal of Operations Research. 2007; 15 (3):281-299.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuigi Fusco Girard; Pasquale De Toro. 2007. "Integrated spatial assessment: a multicriteria approach to sustainable development of cultural and environmental heritage in San Marco dei Cavoti, Italy." Central European Journal of Operations Research 15, no. 3: 281-299.