Nowadays, any consideration regarding project management implies an all-encompassing approach constituted by three perspectives: organizational, human, and engineering. In this sense, it is necessary for the project manager to reflect on various issues, such as ethics, the understanding of the environment, leadership, teamwork, achieving results, change in management, the adoption of new technologies, and knowledge management, among many others, all this with the intention of ensuring success through value creation, consistent and aligned with the expectations of the different stakeholders. Because of the adoption of a comprehensive vision of project management, disciplines such as philosophy have become logical within the reasoning of organizational management. Classic postulates such as those of the Stoic school have become references for modern leader-managers because of their approach associated with personal development, self-discipline, self-control, logic, balance with the environment, and the creation of social value. The research analyzed how the postulates of the Stoic philosophy can determine the high performance of project teams. To achieve this, 70 project managers from different small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in Bogotá, Colombia, were surveyed about the seven main thoughts of Stoicism and the possible relationship with the performance of their project teams. Based on their answers, a correlational model of structural equations was applied to obtain the conclusions of this study. The results obtained in this investigation are intended to contribute significantly to the maturity and modernization of the project management discipline.

Currently, there is global concern about rising temperatures, which, together with the food risk, is causing climate change. In addition, cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) production is questioned because of its production method, which generates deforestation and high energy and water consumption in the process. These environmental problems cause a bad image in the sector, and uncertainty in the overall production of the cocoa industry, which has been striving to implement sustainable practices to mitigate the effects of climate change. However, solutions to this environmental issue have received little attention from the scientific community, and the need has arisen to investigate sustainable solutions for the cocoa industry. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to identify global sustainable trends that have been researched in the cocoa industry. For this purpose, a search strategy was designed and applied in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases, to collect information, filtering the results, in the categories of articles related to the agriculture and business groups in the 2019-2025 period, published in journals cataloged in quartiles one and two. Using the R programming language for information processing, 56 documents were found. Eleven sustainable practices were identified in the industry to improve social, economic, and environmental performance through waste valorization, soil improvement, reduction of water and energy consumption, and the adoption of green certifications. Finally, a framework is proposed for integrating the links in the supply chain with the practices for making them most sustainable.

Objetivo: esta investigación analiza la evolución literaria presentada en torno de las empresas B y sus cinco dimensiones (gobierno, comunidad, trabajadores, medioambiente y clientes) relacionadas con la sostenibilidad empresarial, identificando patrones científicos y brechas en el conocimiento.Diseño/metodología: se realizó una minería de datos científica de las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science (WoS), utilizando tres herramientas informáticas especializadas: la interfaz del software R Biblioshiny, Vantage Point y VOSviewer. Se tomó como intervalo las últimas 4 décadas y se identificaron 98 artículos de revista de alto impacto.Resultados: los países que lideran la investigación mundial en tópicos como responsabilidad social corporativa y sostenibilidad son China y Reino Unido. Los temas principales, de acuerdo con el análisis de coocurrencia de palabras claves, son el desarrollo sostenible, la sostenibilidad, y la responsabilidad social corporativa junto con el desempeño ambiental; la mayor relación presentada entre estas temáticas es en su respectivo orden con empresas B, desarrollo sostenible, sostenibilidad y responsabilidad social corporativa.Conclusiones: las investigaciones actuales sobre empresas B han tratado de forma desarticulada las temáticas en torno al gobierno corporativo y su responsabilidad social, los diferentes grupos de interés con sus teorías, y la sostenibilidad con el desarrollo sostenible. Por tanto, futuras líneas de investigación se pueden realizar analizando la relación entre el gobierno corporativo y la responsabilidad social junto con los grupos de interés.Originalidad: este trabajo realiza relevantes aportes sobre la dimensión de las organizaciones B y su relación con la sostenibilidad empresarial generando una agenda futura sobre futuras investigaciones.

Strategic logistics network management requires decision support that anticipates demand and disruption uncertainty and evaluates candidate decisions before implementation. This paper presents GATrESN, a simulation-based predictive–prescriptive framework that couples Echo State Networks, a fixed parameter-free multi-head attention mechanism and a genetic algorithm over a robust scenario objective into a single decision loop over capacity, cost, inventory, workforce, resilience, and supplier redundancy. The case study is a panel of 24 sites, 16 product families, and 640 periods with 1800 matched decision instances. Against a linear-programming benchmark corrected so that the evaluator’s quality threshold is visible to it, and scored against realized rather than forecast states, the framework improves the strategic score by 0.0236 (95% bootstrap CI 0.0222–0.0250); the apparent margin against the original, weaker benchmark specification was 0.0596. Four external optimizers of the same objective reach the same operating region, and replacing the predictive core with a ridge readout changes ex post decision quality by 0.0001, locating the advantage in the robust objective rather than in the optimizer or the forecasting architecture. A closed-loop rolling-horizon experiment, in which decisions alter installed capacity, inventory, and risk at the next period, widens the advantage to 0.0315 and raises the worst-period service level from 0.52 to 0.76. Without automated exchange with a physical counterpart, the implementation is a digital model; the paper specifies the data acquisition required to close that loop.

As a consequence of the effects of climate change that all countries around the world are currently experiencing, which put at risk the inventory of natural resources for future generations, has made mankind, especially industrialists, think about the innovation that must necessarily be made in the production process. This has led the scientific community to explore how Industry 4.0, or the fourth industrial revolution, can contribute to Lean and Green clean production practices, generating an innovative strategy that leads companies down the path of business sustainability. The objective of this paper was to explore by conducting a bibliometric analysis on the research trends that arise around Industry 4.0 (4IR); Lean and Green (4IRE) and Business Sustainability (BS). For this purpose, scientific software and the prisma method were used to analyze 68 articles from the Scopus(Sco) and Web of science (WoS) databases. The findings support the evolution that is directing the literature towards the contribution that this set of technologies can bring to Lean and Green to improve the triple bottom line.