In the realms of Climate change impact, economic and population growth, and pollution, Water security, and sustainable development are paramount, for addressing the food-water-energy nexus and mitigating the impact of the cited drawbacks. The presented paper in the first part, emphasizes water security and sustainable development notions. In 2015 s the 2030 agenda were approved by 193 members of the United Nation, it consists of 17 goals (SDG) for environmental sustainability, social inclusion, economic development, peace, justice, good governance, and partnership. The 6th target of SDG is dedicated to clean water and sanitation since it is considered as one of the central focuses of Sustainable Development Goals. The second part is focused on Moroccan’s water management plans. This latter elaborate a legal framework for water use, the law n° 36-15 that comprises the protection of human health through the regulation of exploitation, and provision of sanction. The green Morocco Plan (PMV) which aims first to develop modern agriculture aligned with the world global market requirement, and second to eliminate poverty by helping smallholder farming. The 140 dam’s that Morocco counts provide strong support to economic growth. However, under the actual uncontrollable changing rate, Morocco is still threatened by low “water security”, the access of drinkable water and sanitation services are improved but not totally covered, Moreover, the climate change influences the precipitation patterns, in long term this will led to the annihilation of water resources. In this light, Morocco should be more realistic, and adopt the appropriate management strategies, which go hand in hand with the sustainable development goals.

A major challenge for humanity in the twenty-first century is to combine energy with respect for the environment. During the Rio Earth Summit (2012) the issue of sustainable development was clearly demonstrated. One of the major battles this century for the planet's survival is to include energy efficiency as an international policy priority in order to achieve a significant decrease in greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, we have presented the current state and outlook of energy efficiency in the transport, residential and industrial sectors, as well as its policy for each sector in Morocco. New strategies implemented by the government for sustainable development were reviewed and discussed. Through these strategies, the shift to energy efficiency is at the forefront of national policy implications for energy security and a low-carbon economy.

A graphene-based 1 × 2 array antenna with circular polarization for terahertz applications is prescribed in this article. Initially, a novel concept of a folded quarter wave impedance transformer is utilized in the design process of a single element for minimizing the overall antenna size. The opposite corners of the patches have been truncated and structural modifications are performed with the insertion of four flower-shaped slots along with an additional circular slot for achieving a much-improved reflection coefficient and better impedance bandwidth. It also shows a much wider 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth, confirming circular polarization due to the suggested modifications in its geometry. Then, an array antenna has been formed to provide better gain. The configured patches are fed by a magic-T power divider to attain the required impedance matching. The results of the CP antenna array have been analyzed using the HFSS and CST simulators. The propounded 1 × 2 array antenna shows circular polarization with a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 205 GHz (2.345–2.55 THz) and wide spectral coverage of 210 GHz (2.345 $-$ 2.555 THz) along with a maximum gain of 8.65 dB and 99.8 % radiation efficiency with a total size of 53.5 × 102 × 1.56 μm³. It could be utilized for high-speed data transmission, material characterization, terahertz spectroscopy, terahertz imaging, etc. applications.

With the current movement of "glocalization" imposed by openness to the global sphere and the necessary anchoring to the local, the productive systems - from here and elsewhere - can no longer be non-territorial or autarkic. As much openness opens up the prospect of competitiveness, as much the local territory ensures a kind of "rescue net" and refuge in the event of global crises that have become frequent. Whether it is the social movement paradigm or the local production system canvas "glocalization" is justified by the wealth potential that territories of any nation seeking its competitiveness on the international scene conceal. To identify, grasp, understand and value such a territorial resource, the diagnosis of the existing is necessary. Socio-spatial disparities are at the heart of the problems of regional development confronted with the double malaise of poverty and environmental degradation. With the certainty that wealth is created within companies and that they are the key players in territorial development, the analysis of the spatial anatomy of productive systems provides information on the symbiosis between the productive and the spatial. Without claiming to reproduce the evolution of productive systems and their spatial expressions in its completeness, this paper proposes to explore the major territorialized forms that the productive system in Morocco has taken from independence to our day. It's all about finding to characterize the specificities of Morocco in this matter by launching a sort of a provisional assessment. The main question here is to approach a kind of model in gestation that Morocco can create for the rest of Africa at this spatial / productive level.

The emergence of cluster policy around the world is inspired by the models of the Silicon Valley. Territorial and local development productive systems depend on the new integrated management models that are clusters. Morocco has adopted economic and industrial reforms aimed at accelerating the structural transformation of its production system by strengthening its territorial development model while adopting a cluster development policy through the National Pact for Industrial Emergence, but the performance of these clusters is questionable because they are in the genesis stage and must overcome social, managerial, financial and administrative obstacles and lack of public and private sector partnerships and insufficient innovative collaborative projects. This raises the question of measuring the dynamics and performance of a clusters and the problem of evaluating the economic development of a region. In this study, we intend to conduct review of Moroccan clusters and diagnose their performance in the context economic and industrial moving.