The fruit processing industry generates huge amounts of waste annually, causing severe environmental problems. Mango processing produces around 20 million tons of wastes from the non-consumed fraction, mainly peels and seeds, which constitute 30–60% of the fruit weight. However, various...

Background: Bone metastasis is a frequent and debilitating complication of advanced cancer, particularly in breast and prostate cancer, and is driven by complex interactions among tumor cells, bone-resident cells, immune populations, vascular components, and the extracellular matrix. Within this specialized microenvironment, proteoglycans have emerged as key molecular regulators of tumor–bone crosstalk, matrix remodeling, metastatic niche formation, dormancy, and therapeutic resistance. Methods: We conducted a narrative review using targeted searches of PubMed and Google Scholar for studies published through 31 May 2026. Search terms included combinations of proteoglycan- and glycosaminoglycan-related concepts, including “proteoglycans,” “glycosaminoglycans,” “heparan sulfate proteoglycans,” “hyaluronan,” “heparanase,” “syndecans,” “glypicans,” “perlecan/HSPG2,” “versican,” and “decorin,” with disease- and process-related terms such as “bone metastasis,” “extracellular matrix,” “tumor–bone crosstalk,” “breast cancer,” “prostate cancer,” “metastatic niche,” “osteolytic metastasis,” “osteoblastic metastasis,” “dormancy,” “reactivation,” “immune regulation,” and “therapy resistance.” Original studies, reviews, and translational reports were selected according to their relevance to cell-surface, pericellular, and extracellular proteoglycans in bone metastatic progression. Results: Proteoglycans and associated GAG/ECM axes are implicated in multiple processes involved in skeletal metastasis, including growth factor availability, extracellular matrix organization, osteolytic and osteoblastic niche formation, angiogenesis, immune evasion, metastatic dormancy, reactivation, and therapy resistance. These functions are highly context-dependent and are influenced by proteoglycan localization, core protein structure, glycosaminoglycan composition, sulfation patterns, proteolytic processing, and cellular source. Conclusions: Proteoglycans represent critical molecular nodes in the bone metastatic microenvironment and hold potential as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and tools for stratifying metastatic niche heterogeneity. Their clinical translation will require validation in human bone metastasis samples, improved models that reproduce the mineralized and immune-rich bone niche, and a clearer distinction between causal mechanisms and correlative associations. Future studies should integrate matrisome profiling, spatial proteomics, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, glycosaminoglycan omics, degradomics, and three-dimensional bone niche models to define actionable proteoglycan-dependent mechanisms and improve therapeutic targeting of metastatic bone disease.

En México, la caña de azúcar es un cultivo que impulsa la producción de alimentos, proporciona insumos para la industria azucarera y la cogeneración de bioenergías. Sin embargo, este cultivo enfrenta riesgos económicos relevantes por los bajos rendimientos reportados en los últimos años. Además, es importante considerar los efectos ocasionados por el cambio climático y el deterioro de los suelos por el uso excesivo de agroquímicos. Por lo tanto, el uso de biomejoradores y biofertilizantes es una alternativa viable que contribuye en la producción sustentable de los cultivos, ya que permite la regeneración de los ecosistemas agrícolas mejorando la calidad de los suelos y los rendimientos de la producción de caña.

Adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD) encompasses the health consequences of excess or dysfunctional adipose tissue. Selected phytochemicals have been investigated as potential adjuncts, but experimental pathway activity does not establish clinical benefit. This narrative review examines quercetin, chlorogenic acids, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and berberine, with other interventions providing context. The evidence was supplemented by targeted PubMed searches through 27 October 2026 and appraised according to experimental model, formulation, exposure, clinical relevance, and safety. Published pooled body-weight differences were −0.35 kg (95% confidence interval, −2.03 to 1.33) for quercetin, −1.30 kg (−2.07 to −0.52) for selected green-coffee/chlorogenic-acid interventions, −0.74 kg (−0.97 to −0.51) for green-tea preparations, and −0.88 kg (−1.36 to −0.39) for berberine. These source-specific estimates are not head-to-head comparisons. A small crossover trial of quercetin reported reduced hepatic fat, whereas a six-month berberine trial found no significant benefit for visceral or hepatic fat. Coffee and green-tea findings do not isolate the effects of chlorogenic acid or EGCG. Most mechanistic evidence remains preclinical, and differences in chemical composition, circulating metabolites, administration, and outcome selection limit translation. The human-evidence-based selection also underrepresents less-studied phytochemicals; for the evaluated interventions, sustained adiposity reduction and patient-relevant benefit remain insufficiently established. Their potential role in comprehensive ABCD care requires product-specific assessment of efficacy, exposure, adverse effects, and interactions.

Recent genomic research from the Mexican Biobank (MXB) highlights the importance of large - scale population datasets for understanding genetic variation in Mexican and Hispanic populations. In parallel, the oriGen Project has emerged as another large - scale initiative to generate genomic data from Mexican adults, establishing one of the country’s largest genomic biobanks. Although both initiatives share the goal of expanding population genomics resources, they differ substantially in their institutional structures, governance frameworks, and data access models. While MXB operates within a public institutional framework, the oriGen Project is organized under a private governance model that includes irreversible consent provisions and international commercial sequencing partnerships. This perspective article examines the ethical, legal, and governance implications of these arrangements, particularly regarding genomic sovereignty and public interest. We argue that controlled - open access models managed by private entities, particularly when they incorporate high fees and exemption mechanisms whose eligibility, scope, approval criteria, coverage, and application are not fully public or auditable, can restrict local scientific participation and favor asymmetries in the appropriation of national genomic value.