Background and objectives: Turmeric has assisted in the control of inflammation and pain for decades and has been used in combination with other nutraceuticals to treat acute and chronic osteoarthritis pain. Recently, the effect of turmeric, turmeric extract, or curcuminoids on musculoskeletal pain, either by themselves or in conjunction with other substances, has been reported. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize turmeric nanoparticles (T-NPs) for various parameters, both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: The T-NPs were successfully synthesized and characterized using particle size analysis, solubility improvement, SEM, EDX, X-ray diffraction, and in vivo antigout activity in mice model. Results: The T-NPs were of about 46 nm in size with a positive zeta potential +29.55 ± 3.44 and low polydispersity index (PDI) (0.264). Furthermore, the diseased mice, with induced gout via monosodium urate crystals, were treated with 5, 10, and 20 ppm T-NPs, administered orally, and the anti-gout potential was observed through measurement of joint diameter and changes in biochemical parameters, including lipid profile, renal function test, and liver function tests which significantly reduced the levels of these biochemical parameters. Conclusions: Uric acid levels were significantly reduced after the treatment with T-NPs. indicating that T-NPs show superior potential against gout management. Thus, T-NPs can be developed as an efficient antigout agent with minimum toxicities.

Selenium (Se) is an important trace element that is involved in controlling oxidative stress and inflammatory disorders. Gouty arthritis is the inflammation and pain within the joints and tissues caused due to the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. This study aimed to investigate the antigout, antioxidant, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic potential of ascorbic acid-mediated Se nanoparticles (A-SeNPs). Different analytical techniques were used to investigate the formation of A-SeNPs. The antigout potential of the nanoparticles was carried out using MSU crystal dissolution, uric acid (UA) degradation assay, and xanthine oxidase inhibition (XOI). A-SeNPs exhibited excellent antihyperurecemic activity in a concentration-dependent manner. It was observed that at the tested concentration of 20 mg·mL ⁻¹ , the A-SeNPs demonstrated significant breakage and dissolution of MSU crystals and resulted in UA degradation of 67.76%. Similarly, A-SeNPs resulted in 76% XOI with an excellent IC ₅₀ of 140 µg·mL ⁻¹ . Furthermore, considerable antioxidant activity was noted for the A-SeNPs as evaluated with multiple antioxidant assays. Finally, the NPs were found to have significant anticoagulant and thrombolytic potential. Thus, it was concluded that A-SeNPs have potent antihyperuricemic, antioxidant, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic activities, making them an ideal choice for future biomedical applications.