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In this study, the links between performance and microbial communities were investigated with municipal solid waste (MSW) at two feedstock ratios and eight organic loading rates (OLRs). The co-digestion systems were stably operated at OLRs of 2.0–6.0 g VS/(L·d). The performance of the co-digestion system varied with the feedstock ratio. Compared with the 50:50 (hybrid Pennisetum:MSW) system, the 75:50 system, GM31, obtained increases of 1.93–17.68% and 0.29–23.29% for the specific biogas and methane yields, respectively. Whereas a shift in bacterial and methanogen communities occurred as the operating conditions changed, particularly with OLR variations. The genera Saccharofermentans, Prevotella, Clostridium, Syntrophomonas, and Proteiniphilum became the dominant bacteria for the conversion of carbohydrates and nitrogen compounds as the OLR increased. Meanwhile, a shift from acetoclastic to hydrogenotrophic or multifunctional methanogens was observed.
Quanlin Zhao; Shuibin He; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Haiwei Ren. Links between Process Performance and Microbial Community of Pennisetum Hybrid Co-Digested with Municipal Solid Waste. Energies 2021, 14, 3651 .
AMA StyleQuanlin Zhao, Shuibin He, Lianhua Li, Yongming Sun, Haiwei Ren. Links between Process Performance and Microbial Community of Pennisetum Hybrid Co-Digested with Municipal Solid Waste. Energies. 2021; 14 (12):3651.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuanlin Zhao; Shuibin He; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Haiwei Ren. 2021. "Links between Process Performance and Microbial Community of Pennisetum Hybrid Co-Digested with Municipal Solid Waste." Energies 14, no. 12: 3651.
Anaerobic reactors in full-scale biogas plants often encounter process instability; thus, their operational efficiency and further promotion remain limited. Process monitoring can be used to ensure better process stability during anaerobic digestion, the key to which depends on the selection and quantitation of appropriate state indicators. The present review focuses on the recent progress related to state indicators in the field of process monitoring and discusses in detail the ability to identify process status and especially, provide early warning information on process instability, in addition to the current monitoring status at the industrial level. Results show that the explorations of effective state indicators have experienced vigorous development. Most of the proposed state indicators have mainly focused on the gas and liquid phases, and those commonly used are sufficient to achieve effective monitoring in different systems; however, their suitability for use as potential early warning indicators varies. A comprehensive interpretation of the process state requires a combination of different state indicators to supply complementary information. Moreover, the current mode based on setting threshold values to diagnose process stability remains primitive. To ensure that the early warning is more feasible and universal, improvements can be made in terms of establishing a plant-specific database and focusing on the response trends to process disturbance as a basis for diagnosis. On the other hand, monitoring of most key state indicators is limited to external laboratory tests and accordingly, the consequent additional monitoring costs can be reduced by creating a suitable schedule regarding their frequency.
Di Wu; Lei Li; Yun Peng; Pingjin Yang; Xuya Peng; Yongming Sun; XiaoMing Wang. State indicators of anaerobic digestion: A critical review on process monitoring and diagnosis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 148, 111260 .
AMA StyleDi Wu, Lei Li, Yun Peng, Pingjin Yang, Xuya Peng, Yongming Sun, XiaoMing Wang. State indicators of anaerobic digestion: A critical review on process monitoring and diagnosis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 148 ():111260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wu; Lei Li; Yun Peng; Pingjin Yang; Xuya Peng; Yongming Sun; XiaoMing Wang. 2021. "State indicators of anaerobic digestion: A critical review on process monitoring and diagnosis." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 148, no. : 111260.
Anaerobic digestion with corn straw faces the problems of difficult degradation, long fermentation time and acid accumulation in the high concentration of feedstocks. In order to speed up the process of methane production, corn straw treated with sodium hydroxide was used in thermophilic (50 °C) anaerobic digestion, and the effects of biochar addition on the performance of methane production and the microbial community were analyzed. The results showed that the cumulative methane production of all treatment groups reached over 75% of the theoretical methane yield in 7 days and the addition of 4% biochar increased the cumulative methane production by 6.75% compared to the control group. The addition of biochar also decreased the number of biogas and methane production peaks from 2 to 1, and had a positive effect on shortening the digestion start-up period and reducing the fluctuation of biogas production during the digestion process. The addition of 4% biochar increased the abundance of the bacterial family Peptococcaceae throughout the digestion period, promoting the hydrolysis rate of corn straw. The dominant archaeal genus Methanosarcina was significantly more abundant at the peak stage and the end of methane production with 4% biochar added compared to the control group.
Zhi Wang; Ying Guo; Weiwei Wang; Liumeng Chen; Yongming Sun; Tao Xing; Xiaoying Kong. Effect of Biochar Addition on the Microbial Community and Methane Production in the Rapid Degradation Process of Corn Straw. Energies 2021, 14, 2223 .
AMA StyleZhi Wang, Ying Guo, Weiwei Wang, Liumeng Chen, Yongming Sun, Tao Xing, Xiaoying Kong. Effect of Biochar Addition on the Microbial Community and Methane Production in the Rapid Degradation Process of Corn Straw. Energies. 2021; 14 (8):2223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhi Wang; Ying Guo; Weiwei Wang; Liumeng Chen; Yongming Sun; Tao Xing; Xiaoying Kong. 2021. "Effect of Biochar Addition on the Microbial Community and Methane Production in the Rapid Degradation Process of Corn Straw." Energies 14, no. 8: 2223.
To investigate whether thermodynamic calculations of anaerobic digestion processes can be applied to the early warning for unstable anaerobic digestion, a group of semi-continuous digesters fed with an energy crop (Hybrid Pennisetum) were operated via a step-wise increase in the organic load rates until overload occurred. Traditional early warning indicators, such as biogas production and content, pH, alkalinity, and volatile fatty acids as well as the methane/carbon dioxide (CH4/CO2) and volatile fatty acid/alkalinity ratios, were regularly monitored during the process. The Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG) of the methanogenesis phases of valerate, butyrate, and propionate were calculated based on Nernst and Van’t Hoff equations. The results demonstrate that ΔG of the three syntrophic methanogenesis phases can be used as an early warning indicator for unstable anaerobic digestion, indicating anaerobic digestion failure (ceased biogas production) up to 21 days in advance, that is, 1–8 days earlier than some other indicators.
Fan Xiao; Ying Li; Yongming Sun. Novel thermodynamic early warning method for anaerobic digestion failure of energy crops. Bioresource Technology 2020, 310, 123440 .
AMA StyleFan Xiao, Ying Li, Yongming Sun. Novel thermodynamic early warning method for anaerobic digestion failure of energy crops. Bioresource Technology. 2020; 310 ():123440.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan Xiao; Ying Li; Yongming Sun. 2020. "Novel thermodynamic early warning method for anaerobic digestion failure of energy crops." Bioresource Technology 310, no. : 123440.
To overcome the inherent complexity of lignocellulosic biomass and improve its biological conversion efficiency, the central composite surface response methodology was used to optimize the process variables (temperature, reaction time and liquid-to-solid ratio) in liquid hot water pretreatment for biomethane production from the anaerobic digestion of Hybrid Pennisetum (a typical energy crop in southern China). Temperature, reaction time and water content were varied between 160–200 °C, 20–60 min and 60–90 mL respectively. The biomethane yields from pretreated material were considered as response variables to different processes conditions. Results showed untreated Hybrid Pennisetum had a biomethane potential of 218.6 L/kg volatile solid (VS) (corresponding to a biodegradability of 62.6%). The effect of liquid hot water pretreatment on the biomethane yield was distinct. Pretreatment severities less than 4.55 resulted in increased biomethane yields. However, further increasing the severity led to lower biomethane yields. The optimum biomethane yield (290.6 L/kg VS) was obtained from pretreated Hybrid Pennisetum at 175 °C for 35 min, with the highest biodegradability of 83.2%. Energy balance showed that, under the optimal pretreatment condition, the highest energy conversion efficiency of 76.1% was attained in theory. If the process energy inputs are included, a process energy efficiency of 51.7% could be realized with proper heat recovery.
Xihui Kang; Yi Zhang; Richen Lin; Lianhua Li; Feng Zhen; Xiaoying Kong; Yongming Sun; Zhenhong Yuan. Optimization of liquid hot water pretreatment on Hybrid Pennisetum anaerobic digestion and its effect on energy efficiency. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 210, 112718 .
AMA StyleXihui Kang, Yi Zhang, Richen Lin, Lianhua Li, Feng Zhen, Xiaoying Kong, Yongming Sun, Zhenhong Yuan. Optimization of liquid hot water pretreatment on Hybrid Pennisetum anaerobic digestion and its effect on energy efficiency. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 210 ():112718.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXihui Kang; Yi Zhang; Richen Lin; Lianhua Li; Feng Zhen; Xiaoying Kong; Yongming Sun; Zhenhong Yuan. 2020. "Optimization of liquid hot water pretreatment on Hybrid Pennisetum anaerobic digestion and its effect on energy efficiency." Energy Conversion and Management 210, no. : 112718.
Low-carbon circular economy strategies within the whiskey industry necessitate minimal use of fossil-based energy including heat and electricity. Renewable energy generated from process by-products such as draff and pot ale offers opportunities for circular bioeconomy systems. However, such a system is yet to be defined and assessed in detail. In this study, biological valorization (dark hydrogen fermentation and anaerobic digestion) of whiskey by-products was comparatively evaluated in terms of fundamental principles and thermodynamics of biochemical reactions. Four scenarios based on a whiskey plant size of 2 million L/a were evaluated to determine the potential energy recovery (in the form of electricity and heat) and CO2 emissions reduction. The recommended scenario with anaerobic digestion of pretreated by-products resulted in a biogas production of 1.72 million m3 (containing 1.03 million m3 biomethane, corresponding to an energy yield of 10,300 MWh). If the produced biogas is used for producing heat and electricity in a combined heat and power system, 446% of the annual electricity demand (740 MWeh) and 25% of the heat demand (4,230 MWthh) of the traditional distillery can be covered, leading to a reduction in energy related CO2 emissions of 61% from whiskey production (2,300 ton CO2). Preliminary economic analysis shows that the proposed system has an annual net income of €741,176 with a payback period of 3.94 years. Net present value of the system is €4,933,456 with a discounted payback period of 4.77 years. Future research on a detailed techno-economic feasibility and life cycle assessment of such a system should be investigated before practical implementation.
Xihui Kang; Richen Lin; Richard O’Shea; Chen Deng; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Jerry D Murphy. A perspective on decarbonizing whiskey using renewable gaseous biofuel in a circular bioeconomy process. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 255, 120211 .
AMA StyleXihui Kang, Richen Lin, Richard O’Shea, Chen Deng, Lianhua Li, Yongming Sun, Jerry D Murphy. A perspective on decarbonizing whiskey using renewable gaseous biofuel in a circular bioeconomy process. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 255 ():120211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXihui Kang; Richen Lin; Richard O’Shea; Chen Deng; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Jerry D Murphy. 2020. "A perspective on decarbonizing whiskey using renewable gaseous biofuel in a circular bioeconomy process." Journal of Cleaner Production 255, no. : 120211.
To investigate how the changes in performance and the microbial community of the co-digestion system of Pennisetum hybrid and pig manure, two co-digestion systems in a semi-continuous mode were established at different grass:manure mixture ratios (50:50 and 75:25), and at variable organic loading rates (OLRs). The two reactors were in a steady-state at the OLRs of 2.0–5.0 g VS/(L·d), with the specific and volumetric biogas yields of 383.86 ± 65.13 to 574.28 ± 72.04 mL/g VS and 0.87 ± 0.07 to 2.36 ± 0.13 m3/(m3·d), respectively. The co-digestion system with a mixture ratio of 75:25 failed at an OLR of 5.5 g VS/(L⋅d). This failure could be attributed to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) owing to the imbalance between acid-production and -oxidation bacteria. By contrast, the co-digestion system with mixture ratio of 50:50 failed at an OLR of 7.0 g VS/(L⋅d), which was likely due to mechanical issues or improper reactor configuration. The genus Proteiniphilum contributed to the increase in total ammonia nitrogen. These findings provide useful guidance for optimizing co-digestion system, enhancing reactor performance and improving the wastes treatment.
Li Lianhua; He Shuibin; Sun Yongming; Kang Xihui; Jiang Junfeng; Yuan Zhenhong; Liu Dingfa. Anaerobic co-digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and pig manure: A comparative study of performance and microbial community at different mixture ratio and organic loading rate. Chemosphere 2020, 247, 125871 .
AMA StyleLi Lianhua, He Shuibin, Sun Yongming, Kang Xihui, Jiang Junfeng, Yuan Zhenhong, Liu Dingfa. Anaerobic co-digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and pig manure: A comparative study of performance and microbial community at different mixture ratio and organic loading rate. Chemosphere. 2020; 247 ():125871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Lianhua; He Shuibin; Sun Yongming; Kang Xihui; Jiang Junfeng; Yuan Zhenhong; Liu Dingfa. 2020. "Anaerobic co-digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and pig manure: A comparative study of performance and microbial community at different mixture ratio and organic loading rate." Chemosphere 247, no. : 125871.
BACKGROUND Leach‐bed reactor (LBR) with leachate recirculation is a suitable technology for lignocellulosic biomass anaerobic digestion. In this study, the effect of percolate reflux strategies (continuous recirculation and intermittent recirculation) on methane production from Pennisetum hybrid, a type of energy crop, was investigated using a two‐layered leachate bed reactor (LBR). RESULTS Compared to a SS‐AD batch test, LBRs with percolate recirculation provide a stable process with a short lag phase positively by avoiding inhibition of VFA accumulation and inoculation effect. The results also indicated that continuous reflux led to a lower accumulative methane yield (56.20 L/kgVS) compared to the intermittent reflux test (78.50 L/kgVS), resulting from washing effect and worse distribution on the lower layer. According Microbial analysis, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Synergistetes were the most predominant bacteria phylum in each LBR test sample and aceticlastic methanogen (at least >55%) plays the predominant role for methane production in all samples. CONCLUSION The results indicate that leachate recirculation could provide stable conditions for methane yield, however two‐layer reactor designs which cannot guarantee the desired distribution in the lower layer result in the low methane yield in this study. Suitable design of LBR to maintain a well‐distributed reflux leachate should be further investigated. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Tao Xing; Xiaoying Kong; Pengyu Dong; Feng Zhen; Yongming Sun. Leachate recirculation effects on solid‐state anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and microbial community analysis. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleTao Xing, Xiaoying Kong, Pengyu Dong, Feng Zhen, Yongming Sun. Leachate recirculation effects on solid‐state anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and microbial community analysis. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao Xing; Xiaoying Kong; Pengyu Dong; Feng Zhen; Yongming Sun. 2019. "Leachate recirculation effects on solid‐state anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and microbial community analysis." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology , no. : 1.
To enhance the biodegradability and methane production of hybrid Pennisetum, a pretreatment method with high selectivity for lignin removal, namely sodium chlorite/acetic acid (SCA) pretreatment, was examined in this work. Results showed that SCA pretreatment can selectively remove lignin with minimal impact on cellulose and hemicellulose. After up to 200 min of SCA treatment, 79.4% of lignin was removed and over 90% of the holocellulose was retained. The physicochemical changes after pretreatment were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, showing that the majority of lignin was removed from secondary cell walls and cell middle lamella while the chlorite-resistant lignin remained in the cell corner. Lignin removal significantly enhanced the biodegradability from 59.6% to 86.4% and increased methane production by 38.3%. Energy balance showed that SCA pretreatment was efficient to increase the energy output of hybrid Pennisetum.
Xihui Kang; Yi Zhang; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Xiaoying Kong; Zhenhong Yuan. Enhanced methane production from anaerobic digestion of hybrid Pennisetum by selectively removing lignin with sodium chlorite. Bioresource Technology 2019, 295, 122289 .
AMA StyleXihui Kang, Yi Zhang, Lianhua Li, Yongming Sun, Xiaoying Kong, Zhenhong Yuan. Enhanced methane production from anaerobic digestion of hybrid Pennisetum by selectively removing lignin with sodium chlorite. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 295 ():122289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXihui Kang; Yi Zhang; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Xiaoying Kong; Zhenhong Yuan. 2019. "Enhanced methane production from anaerobic digestion of hybrid Pennisetum by selectively removing lignin with sodium chlorite." Bioresource Technology 295, no. : 122289.
This study aims to investigate the anaerobic digestion (AD) performance of Broussonetia papyrifera, a wide distributed nitrogen-rich and lignocellulosic-like plant, for methane production. The fermentation was conducted with the volatile solid (VS) concentration at 0.5%, 1.0%,1.5%,2.0% and 4.0% under 37°C and 55°C for 30 days, respectively. Results suggested that the feedstock concentration at 2.0% and fermentation temperature at 55°C was optimal for the AD treatment of Broussonetia papyrifera. A maximal specific methane yield was achieved at 277.72 ± 15 mL/g VS, which was 94.71% higher than that for the maximum specific methane under the thermophile condition, likely because that the C/N was more suitable compared with other lignocellulosic biomass. A kinetic study suggested that the modified Gompertz equation was reliable (determination coefficients R2 greater than 0.97) to describe the kinetic behavior of anaerobic digestion of Broussonetia papyrifera. In general, Broussonetia papyrifera was proved to be a suitabe feedstock for anaerobic digestion for methane production.
Yu He; Feng Zhen; Yongming Sun; Jinping Li. Anaerobic Digestion of Nitrogen-Rich and Lignocellulose-Like Leedstocks: a Case Study on Broussonetia Papyrifera. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2019, 43, 2008 -2018.
AMA StyleYu He, Feng Zhen, Yongming Sun, Jinping Li. Anaerobic Digestion of Nitrogen-Rich and Lignocellulose-Like Leedstocks: a Case Study on Broussonetia Papyrifera. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; 43 (16):2008-2018.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu He; Feng Zhen; Yongming Sun; Jinping Li. 2019. "Anaerobic Digestion of Nitrogen-Rich and Lignocellulose-Like Leedstocks: a Case Study on Broussonetia Papyrifera." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 43, no. 16: 2008-2018.
This study investigated the effect of particle size on the performance of anaerobic digestion of Hybrid Pennisetum. Hybrid Pennisetum was ground and sieved to provide different particle sizes between 0.180 and 1.000 mm. Characterization of the different particle sizes suggested that the composition of ground Hybrid Pennisetum altered-carbohydrate content decreased and lignin content increased with a decrease in particle size. The highest specific methane yield was 291.9 ± 4.7 mL CH4·g−1 VS at a particle size of 0.250–0.380 mm and this value plateaued as the particle size was reduced to below 0.250 mm. Excessive size reduction did not improve the methane yield but did result in a reduction of digestion time by 28.6–35.7%. The net energy output from the process was calculated at 300 kWh/t VS. Therefore, grinding was proved to enhance the anaerobic fermentation efficiency and energy output of Hybrid Pennisetum.
Xihui Kang; Yi Zhang; Bing Song; Yongming Sun; Lianhua Li; Yu He; Xiaoying Kong; Xinjian Luo; Zhenhong Yuan. The effect of mechanical pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of Hybrid Pennisetum. Fuel 2019, 252, 469 -474.
AMA StyleXihui Kang, Yi Zhang, Bing Song, Yongming Sun, Lianhua Li, Yu He, Xiaoying Kong, Xinjian Luo, Zhenhong Yuan. The effect of mechanical pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of Hybrid Pennisetum. Fuel. 2019; 252 ():469-474.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXihui Kang; Yi Zhang; Bing Song; Yongming Sun; Lianhua Li; Yu He; Xiaoying Kong; Xinjian Luo; Zhenhong Yuan. 2019. "The effect of mechanical pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of Hybrid Pennisetum." Fuel 252, no. : 469-474.
This study aims to investigate the performance of bioaugmentation with an acid-tolerant methanogenic culture to recover deteriorated anaerobic digestion caused by organic overloading. The function of bioaugmentation was evaluated in terms of substance metabolism, microbial community structure, and gene function. Our findings demonstrate that routine bioaugmentation effectively recovered the failing digester by degrading accumulated volatile fatty acids and increasing pH. In contrast, a non-bioaugmentation reactor (control) did not recover by itself, while abiotic augmentation restored the digestion performance temporarily but the digester failed again at an organic loading rate of 1.5 g L−1 d−1. Using whole genome pyrosequencing analysis, we found that after bioaugmentation, the populations of Methanothrix (acetoclastic methanogens) and Methanolinea (hydrogenotrophic methanogens) increased significantly, which may be the main contributors for the positive effect on methane production. On the genic level, bioaugmentation may enhance the function of genes involved in cell motility, signal transduction mechanisms for methanogens, and energy production and conversion for bacteria.
Ying Li; Gaixiu Yang; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun. Bioaugmentation for overloaded anaerobic digestion recovery with acid-tolerant methanogenic enrichment. Waste Management 2018, 79, 744 -751.
AMA StyleYing Li, Gaixiu Yang, Lianhua Li, Yongming Sun. Bioaugmentation for overloaded anaerobic digestion recovery with acid-tolerant methanogenic enrichment. Waste Management. 2018; 79 ():744-751.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYing Li; Gaixiu Yang; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun. 2018. "Bioaugmentation for overloaded anaerobic digestion recovery with acid-tolerant methanogenic enrichment." Waste Management 79, no. : 744-751.
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a layered solid containing positively charged layers with negatively charged anions as an interchangeable interlayer. In this research, Mg(Al)O supports were synthesized with three different Mg:Al molar ratios, and bimetallic PtSn catalysts were loaded onto the supports via the anion exchange method. The properties of ethane dehydrogenation of the PtSn/Mg(Al)O catalysts were investigated. The results show that the structure and properties of the PtSn/Mg(Al)O catalysts were influenced by the Mg:Al molar ratio of the hydrotalcites, which consequently influenced the ethane dehydrogenation performance. When the Mg:Al ratio was 5:1, the ethane dehydrogenation performance was optimal, relative to the Mg:Al ratios of 2:1 and 10:1.
Shuqi Fang; Kang Bi; Qiao Zhang; Lingpeng Chen; Yongming Sun; Hongyu Huang; Longlong Ma; Chenguang Wang. Performance of Ethane Dehydrogenation over PtSn Loaded onto a Calcined Mg(Al)O LDH with Three Mg:Al Molar Ratios Using a Novel Method. Catalysts 2018, 8, 296 .
AMA StyleShuqi Fang, Kang Bi, Qiao Zhang, Lingpeng Chen, Yongming Sun, Hongyu Huang, Longlong Ma, Chenguang Wang. Performance of Ethane Dehydrogenation over PtSn Loaded onto a Calcined Mg(Al)O LDH with Three Mg:Al Molar Ratios Using a Novel Method. Catalysts. 2018; 8 (8):296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShuqi Fang; Kang Bi; Qiao Zhang; Lingpeng Chen; Yongming Sun; Hongyu Huang; Longlong Ma; Chenguang Wang. 2018. "Performance of Ethane Dehydrogenation over PtSn Loaded onto a Calcined Mg(Al)O LDH with Three Mg:Al Molar Ratios Using a Novel Method." Catalysts 8, no. 8: 296.
Current vehicle bio-methane plants have drawbacks associated with high energy consumption and low recovery levels of waste heat produced during the gasification process. In this paper, we have optimized the performance of heat exchange networks using pinch analysis and through the introduction of heat pump integration technology. Optimal results for the heat exchange network of a bio-gas system producing 10,000 cubic meters have been calculated using a pinch point temperature of 50 °C, a minimum heating utility load of 234.02 kW and a minimum cooling utility load of 201.25 kW. These optimal parameters are predicted to result in energy savings of 116.08 kW (19.75%), whilst the introduction of new heat pump integration technology would afford further energy savings of 95.55 kW (16.25%). The combined energy saving value of 211.63 kW corresponds to a total energy saving of 36%, with economic analysis revealing that these reforms would give annual savings of 103,300 USD. The installation costs required to introduce these process modifications are predicted to require an initial investment of 423,200 USD, which would take 4.1 years to reach payout time based on predicted annual energy savings.
Feng Zhen; Jia Zhang; Wenzhe Li; Yongming Sun; Xiaoying Kong. Optimizing Waste Heat Utilization in Vehicle Bio-Methane Plants. Energies 2018, 11, 1518 .
AMA StyleFeng Zhen, Jia Zhang, Wenzhe Li, Yongming Sun, Xiaoying Kong. Optimizing Waste Heat Utilization in Vehicle Bio-Methane Plants. Energies. 2018; 11 (6):1518.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeng Zhen; Jia Zhang; Wenzhe Li; Yongming Sun; Xiaoying Kong. 2018. "Optimizing Waste Heat Utilization in Vehicle Bio-Methane Plants." Energies 11, no. 6: 1518.
Alkaline pretreatment with NaOH was used to improve methane yield from Pennisetum Hybrid. The pretreatments were carried out with different NaOH solutions (2-8% w/w) at three temperatures (35, 55 and 121 °C) for different periods of time (24, 24 and 1 h). All treated and untreated Pennisetum Hybrid were digested under mesophilic conditions (37 °C) to biogas, significant effects of the pretreatments on the yield of methane were observed. Results showed the modified Gompertz equation was reliable (determination coefficients (R) greater than 0.96) to describe the kinetic behavior of anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum Hybrid. The best result, obtained by the treatment at 35 °C 2% NaOH for 24 h, resulted in the methane yield of 301.7 mL/g VS, corresponding to 21.0% improvement in the methane yield. Compositional, SEM, XRD and FTIR analysis confirmed that lignin removal, structural modification and cellulose crystalline variation were responsible for the improvement.
Xihui Kang; Yongming Sun; Lianhua Li; Xiaoying Kong; Zhenhong Yuan. Improving methane production from anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum Hybrid by alkaline pretreatment. Bioresource Technology 2018, 255, 205 -212.
AMA StyleXihui Kang, Yongming Sun, Lianhua Li, Xiaoying Kong, Zhenhong Yuan. Improving methane production from anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum Hybrid by alkaline pretreatment. Bioresource Technology. 2018; 255 ():205-212.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXihui Kang; Yongming Sun; Lianhua Li; Xiaoying Kong; Zhenhong Yuan. 2018. "Improving methane production from anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum Hybrid by alkaline pretreatment." Bioresource Technology 255, no. : 205-212.
Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion reactors (MR and TR) for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) were tested to reveal the differential microbial responses to increasing organic loading rate (OLR). MR exhibited faster adaptation and better performance at an OLR range of 1.0–2.5 g VS·L−1·d−1, with average profiles of a biogas yield of 0.38 L/gVSadded*d at 0.5 g/L*d OLR and 0.69 L/gVSadded*d at 2.5 g/L*d OLR, whereas TR had a biogas yield of 0.07 L/gVSadded*d at 0.5 g/L*d OLR and 0.44 L/gVSadded*d at 2.5 g/L*d OLR. The pyrosequencing results of amplicons revealed the microbial mechanisms of OFMSW anaerobic digestion. Larger shifts in the bacteria composition were observed in the TR with OLR elevation. For methanogens in both reactors, Methanothrix dominated in the MR while Methanosarcina was favored in the TR. Moreover, analysis of the mode and efficiency of metabolism between the MR and TR demonstrated different performances with more efficiency related to the limiting hydrolytic acid step.
Yiming Gao; Xiaoying Kong; Tao Xing; Yongming Sun; Yi Zhang; Xingjian Luo; Yong Sun. Digestion Performance and Microbial Metabolic Mechanism in Thermophilic and Mesophilic Anaerobic Digesters Exposed to Elevated Loadings of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste. Energies 2018, 11, 952 .
AMA StyleYiming Gao, Xiaoying Kong, Tao Xing, Yongming Sun, Yi Zhang, Xingjian Luo, Yong Sun. Digestion Performance and Microbial Metabolic Mechanism in Thermophilic and Mesophilic Anaerobic Digesters Exposed to Elevated Loadings of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste. Energies. 2018; 11 (4):952.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYiming Gao; Xiaoying Kong; Tao Xing; Yongming Sun; Yi Zhang; Xingjian Luo; Yong Sun. 2018. "Digestion Performance and Microbial Metabolic Mechanism in Thermophilic and Mesophilic Anaerobic Digesters Exposed to Elevated Loadings of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste." Energies 11, no. 4: 952.
To investigate whether bioaugmentation could improve the digestion performance of high C/N ratio feedstock without co-digestion with nitrogen-rich substrate, different forms of enriched methanogenic culture were introduced to the continuous feed digesters. The performance efficiency of bioaugmentation on digestion improvement was compared. The effect of bioaugmentation on microbial community composition was revealed as well. Results demonstrated that routine bioaugmentation with liquid culture (containing the microbes and the medium remains) showed the best performance, with the organic loading rate (OLR), methane percentage, volumetric methane production (VMP) and volatile solid methane production (VSMP) higher at 1.0 g L−1 d−1, 24%, 0.22 L L−1 d−1 and 0.23 L g−1 VS d−1 respectively, compared to the non-bioaugmentation control. Whole genome pyrosequencing analysis suggested that consecutive microbial consortium addition could reconstruct the methanogens community by increasing the populations of acetoclastic methanogens Methanothrix, which could accelerate the degradation of acetate and methane production.
Ying Li; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Zhenhong Yuan. Bioaugmentation strategy for enhancing anaerobic digestion of high C/N ratio feedstock with methanogenic enrichment culture. Bioresource Technology 2018, 261, 188 -195.
AMA StyleYing Li, Lianhua Li, Yongming Sun, Zhenhong Yuan. Bioaugmentation strategy for enhancing anaerobic digestion of high C/N ratio feedstock with methanogenic enrichment culture. Bioresource Technology. 2018; 261 ():188-195.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYing Li; Lianhua Li; Yongming Sun; Zhenhong Yuan. 2018. "Bioaugmentation strategy for enhancing anaerobic digestion of high C/N ratio feedstock with methanogenic enrichment culture." Bioresource Technology 261, no. : 188-195.
The silage quality and anaerobic digestion performance of Pennisetum purpereum with molasses-processed wastewater addition were assessed. The silage samples with molasses-processed wastewater addition obtained higher lactic acid concentration of 15.18-23.38mg/g FM, lower pH value of 3.96-4.45 and lower NH3-N content of 0.47-0.64mg/g FM. No obvious difference was observed in the dominant phyla and genus, but the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reached up to 77.39%, increased by 84% compared to the silage samples without molasses-processed wastewater addition. Combined the silage quality and bacterial community, the decreased in pH value of fresh material caused by molasses-processed wastewater addition was the main reason for improving the silage quality. Meanwhile, the increased in COD concentration is beneficial for improving the specific methane yield and the maximum specific methane yield of 259±5.75mL/g VS was obtained with adding 20g/kg molasses-alcoholic wastewater. Molasses-processed wastewater is an alternative additive for silage.
Lianhua Li; Zhenhong Yuan; Yongming Sun; Xiaoying Kong; Pengyu Dong; Jia Zhang. A reused method for molasses-processed wastewater: Effect on silage quality and anaerobic digestion performance of Pennisetum purpereum. Bioresource Technology 2017, 241, 1003 -1011.
AMA StyleLianhua Li, Zhenhong Yuan, Yongming Sun, Xiaoying Kong, Pengyu Dong, Jia Zhang. A reused method for molasses-processed wastewater: Effect on silage quality and anaerobic digestion performance of Pennisetum purpereum. Bioresource Technology. 2017; 241 ():1003-1011.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLianhua Li; Zhenhong Yuan; Yongming Sun; Xiaoying Kong; Pengyu Dong; Jia Zhang. 2017. "A reused method for molasses-processed wastewater: Effect on silage quality and anaerobic digestion performance of Pennisetum purpereum." Bioresource Technology 241, no. : 1003-1011.
Carbon-supported Pt–Ru alloys with a Pt/Ru ratio of 1:1 were prepared by NaBH4 reduction at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that the as-prepared Pt–Ru nanoparticles had a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses demonstrate that alloying with Ru can decrease the 4f electron density of Pt, which results in a positive binding energy shift of 0.2 eV for the Pt 4f peaks. The catalytic properties of the synthesized Pt–Ru alloy catalysts were compared with those of commercial Pt/C catalysts by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The results show that the mass activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is enhanced by 2.3 times as much mass activity of Pt relative to the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Single-chambered microbial fuel cell tests also confirm that the Pt–Ru alloys as cathode catalysts have better performance than that of commercial Pt/C catalysts.
Gaixiu Yang; Yongming Sun; Pengmei Lv; Feng Zhen; Xinyue Cao; Xiaojie Chen; Zhongming Wang; Zhenhong Yuan; Xiaoying Kong. Preparation of Pt–Ru/C as an Oxygen-Reduction Electrocatalyst in Microbial Fuel Cells for Wastewater Treatment. Catalysts 2016, 6, 150 .
AMA StyleGaixiu Yang, Yongming Sun, Pengmei Lv, Feng Zhen, Xinyue Cao, Xiaojie Chen, Zhongming Wang, Zhenhong Yuan, Xiaoying Kong. Preparation of Pt–Ru/C as an Oxygen-Reduction Electrocatalyst in Microbial Fuel Cells for Wastewater Treatment. Catalysts. 2016; 6 (10):150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGaixiu Yang; Yongming Sun; Pengmei Lv; Feng Zhen; Xinyue Cao; Xiaojie Chen; Zhongming Wang; Zhenhong Yuan; Xiaoying Kong. 2016. "Preparation of Pt–Ru/C as an Oxygen-Reduction Electrocatalyst in Microbial Fuel Cells for Wastewater Treatment." Catalysts 6, no. 10: 150.
Microbial fuel cell (MFC), which can directly generate electricity from biodegradable materials, has been receiving increasing attention. Effects of temperature change on power density, electrode potential, columbic efficiency, chemical oxygen demand removal and internal resistance in two chambers MFCs were examined in this paper. The maximum power density of 7.89 W/m3 was achieved at 37 °C, with 199% higher at 10 °C (2.64 W/m3), 24% higher at 30 °C (6.34 W/m3) and 21% higher at 43 °C, no steady power generation was observed at 55 °C. Low temperature to 10 °C might have a huge effect on anode potential, especially at higher current, but increasing the temperature to 43 °C had a main effect on the cathode performance when the MFCs have been established at 37 °C. The internal resistance of MFC was about 29 Ω at 37 °C, and increased 62% and 303% when MFC switched to 30 °C and 10 °C. Similarly, internal resistance increased 48% at 43 °C. The effect of temperature on MFC performance was expressed by internal resistance, the higher the internal resistance of MFC, the lesser the power density obtained. The Columbic efficiencies were 8.65% at 30 °C, 8.53% at 37 °C, and 13.24% at 43 °C. These results demonstrate that MFCs can effectively be operated over a wide range of temperatures.
L. H. Li; Y. M. Sun; Z. H. Yuan; X. Y. Kong; Y. Li. Effect of temperature change on power generation of microbial fuel cell. Environmental Technology 2013, 34, 1929 -1934.
AMA StyleL. H. Li, Y. M. Sun, Z. H. Yuan, X. Y. Kong, Y. Li. Effect of temperature change on power generation of microbial fuel cell. Environmental Technology. 2013; 34 (13-14):1929-1934.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. H. Li; Y. M. Sun; Z. H. Yuan; X. Y. Kong; Y. Li. 2013. "Effect of temperature change on power generation of microbial fuel cell." Environmental Technology 34, no. 13-14: 1929-1934.