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Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark

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Research article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science
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Intercropping (IC) can reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements, supress weeds, and improve crop yields and yield stability. Three field trials were conducted in Denmark in 2018 with intercropping and sole crops (SC) using spring wheat, barley, faba bean and field pea to compare productivity under five fertilizer levels. The trials were carried out using in a split-plot design with four. Anomalous weather during the 2018 cropping season created drought conditions and high temperatures above 31°C. No effect of fertilizer treatment was found, and total dry matter and grain yields were supressed in all systems. Wheat grain yields averaged 2.14 t ha−1 across systems, ranging from 1.58 t ha−1 as a component of the IC to 2.44 t ha−1 as SC, and barley grain yields averaged 2.35 t ha−1. Faba bean yielded 1.78 t ha−1 as SC, but failed in the IC. Pea failed in both systems. Intercropping barley with cover crops had no effect on grain yield or total dry matter. These results suggest that intercropping provided no production advantage during a drought and illuminate the need to continue conducting research and breeding on drought-resistant cultivars.

ACS Style

Robin R. Sears; Ambreen Naz Shah; Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. Comparison of resilience of different plant teams to drought and temperature extremes in Denmark in sole and intercropping systems. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2021, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Robin R. Sears, Ambreen Naz Shah, Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann, Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. Comparison of resilience of different plant teams to drought and temperature extremes in Denmark in sole and intercropping systems. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2021; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robin R. Sears; Ambreen Naz Shah; Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. 2021. "Comparison of resilience of different plant teams to drought and temperature extremes in Denmark in sole and intercropping systems." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science , no. : 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2020 in Sustainability
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Cereal–legume intercropping increases the nitrogen (N) input from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improves the exploitation of fertilizer and soil N, often leading to higher grain N content and higher productivity per unit land area compared to monocrops. Previous studies have found that these effects are more tangible under low soil and fertilizer N conditions compared to high N availability, and there is a need to assess the N uptake at critical crop development stages in order to time the N application for maximum uptake and use efficiency. The objective of this study was to assess the productivity of pea–barley intercropping compared to monocropping under 0 kg N ha−1 (0 N) and 100 kg N ha−1 (100 N). In 2017, a split plot experimental design was implemented with pea (Pisum sativum) sole crop (SC pea), barley (Hordeum vulgare) sole crop (SC barley), and pea–barley intercrop (IC total) as the main plots and 100 N applications in two 50 kg N ha−1 splits at 30 and 60 days after emergence as subplots within the main plots. The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), based on grain dry matter (GDM) yields in the pea–barley intercrop (IC total), was higher (1.14 at 0 N and 1.10 at 100 N), indicating 10–14% greater radiation, nutrient, and water use efficiency compared to the sole crops and 4% greater resource use efficiency at 0 N compared to the 100 N; this illustrated greater total intercrop productivity compared to sole crops. The 100 N treatment decreased the SC pea and pea in intercrop (IC pea) GDM and grain dry matter N (GDMN) and increased the GDM and GDMN in SC barley and barley in the intercrop (IC barley). Intercropping increased the grain N content and therefore the protein content of the grains in 0 N and 100 N treatments. The highest fertilizer N yield, % nitrogen derived from fertilizer (%NDFF), and % nitrogen use efficiency (%NUE) were achieved in SC barley followed by IC total, indicating that intercropping improved the soil and fertilizer N use compared to SC pea. The IC pea increased the % nitrogen derived from atmosphere (%NDFA) from 67.9% in SC pea to 70.1% in IC pea. IC total increased the share of %NDFF, %NDFS, and %NDFA compared to the SC pea, which indicated a significant advantage of intercropping due to the complementarity of the component species under limited N supply in the field.

ACS Style

Reed Cowden; Ambreen Shah; Lisa Lehmann; Lars Kiær; Christian Henriksen; Bhim Ghaley. Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Pea–Barley Intercrop Productivity Compared to Sole Crops in Denmark. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9335 .

AMA Style

Reed Cowden, Ambreen Shah, Lisa Lehmann, Lars Kiær, Christian Henriksen, Bhim Ghaley. Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Pea–Barley Intercrop Productivity Compared to Sole Crops in Denmark. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reed Cowden; Ambreen Shah; Lisa Lehmann; Lars Kiær; Christian Henriksen; Bhim Ghaley. 2020. "Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Pea–Barley Intercrop Productivity Compared to Sole Crops in Denmark." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9335.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Agroforestry systems have multifunctional roles in enhancing agronomic productivity, co-production of diversity of food and non-food products and provision of ecosystem services. The knowledge of the performance of agroforestry systems compared with monoculture is scarce and scattered. Hence, the objective of the study was to analyze the agronomic productivity and economic viability of diverse agroforestry systems in Europe. A network of five agroforestry systems integrating arable crops, livestock and biomass trees was investigated to assess the range of agricultural products in each agroforestry system. Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) was used to measure the agronomic productivity, whereas gross margin was used as an indicator for economic viability assessment. LER values ranged from 1.36–2.00, indicating that agroforestry systems were more productive by 36–100% compared to monocultures. Agroforestry gross margin was lower in Denmark (€112 ha−1 year−1) compared to United Kingdom (€5083 ha−1 year−1) and the crop component yielded higher returns compared to negative returns from the tree component in agroforestry. Hence, the study provided robust field-based evidence on agronomic productivity and economic viability assessment of agroforestry systems in diverse contexts for informed decision making by land managers, advisory services, farmers and policymakers.

ACS Style

Lisa Lehmann; Jo Smith; Sally Westaway; Andrea Pisanelli; Giuseppe Russo; Robert Borek; Mignon Sandor; Adrian Gliga; Laurence Smith; Bhim Ghaley. Productivity and Economic Evaluation of Agroforestry Systems for Sustainable Production of Food and Non-Food Products. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5429 .

AMA Style

Lisa Lehmann, Jo Smith, Sally Westaway, Andrea Pisanelli, Giuseppe Russo, Robert Borek, Mignon Sandor, Adrian Gliga, Laurence Smith, Bhim Ghaley. Productivity and Economic Evaluation of Agroforestry Systems for Sustainable Production of Food and Non-Food Products. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5429.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisa Lehmann; Jo Smith; Sally Westaway; Andrea Pisanelli; Giuseppe Russo; Robert Borek; Mignon Sandor; Adrian Gliga; Laurence Smith; Bhim Ghaley. 2020. "Productivity and Economic Evaluation of Agroforestry Systems for Sustainable Production of Food and Non-Food Products." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5429.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2020 in Energies
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Given the environmental footprints of the conventional agriculture, it is imperative to test and validate alternative production systems, with lower environmental impacts to mitigate and adapt our production systems. In this study, we identified six production systems, four in Italy and two in Denmark, to assess the environmental footprint for comparison among the production systems and additionally with conventional production systems. SimaPro 8.4 software was used to carry out the life cycle impact assessment. Among other indicators, three significantly important indicators, namely global warming potential, acidification, and eutrophication, were used as the proxy for life cycle impact assessment. In Italy, the production systems compared were silvopastoral, organic, traditional, and conventional olive production systems, whereas in Denmark, combined food and energy production system was compared with the conventional wheat production system. Among the six production systems, conventional wheat production system in Denmark accounted for highest global warming potential, acidification, and eutrophication. In Italy, global warming potential was highest in traditional agroforestry and lowest in the silvopastoral system whereas acidification and eutrophication were lowest in the traditional production system with high acidification effects from the silvopastoral system. In Italy, machinery use contributed the highest greenhouse gas emissions in silvopastoral and organic production systems, while the large contribution to greenhouse gas emissions from fertilizer was recorded in the traditional and conventional production systems. In Denmark, the combined food and energy system had lower environmental impacts compared to the conventional wheat production system according to the three indicators. For both systems in Denmark, the main contribution to greenhouse gas emission was due to fertilizer and manure application. The study showed that integrated food and non-food systems are more environmentally friendly and less polluting compared to the conventional wheat production system in Denmark with use of chemical fertilizers and irrigation. The study can contribute to informed decision making by the land managers and policy makers for promotion of environmentally friendly food and non-food production practices, to meet the European Union targets of providing biomass-based materials and energy to contribute to the bio-based economy in Europe and beyond.

ACS Style

Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Magdalena Borzęcka; Katarzyna Żyłowska; Andrea Pisanelli; Giuseppe Russo; Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. Environmental Impact Assessments of Integrated Food and Non-Food Production Systems in Italy and Denmark. Energies 2020, 13, 849 .

AMA Style

Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann, Magdalena Borzęcka, Katarzyna Żyłowska, Andrea Pisanelli, Giuseppe Russo, Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. Environmental Impact Assessments of Integrated Food and Non-Food Production Systems in Italy and Denmark. Energies. 2020; 13 (4):849.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Magdalena Borzęcka; Katarzyna Żyłowska; Andrea Pisanelli; Giuseppe Russo; Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. 2020. "Environmental Impact Assessments of Integrated Food and Non-Food Production Systems in Italy and Denmark." Energies 13, no. 4: 849.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
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ACS Style

Lisa Lehmann; Marin Lysák; Luke Schafer; Christian Bugge Henriksen. Quantification of the understorey contribution to carbon storage in a peri-urban temperate food forest. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2019, 45, 126359 .

AMA Style

Lisa Lehmann, Marin Lysák, Luke Schafer, Christian Bugge Henriksen. Quantification of the understorey contribution to carbon storage in a peri-urban temperate food forest. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2019; 45 ():126359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisa Lehmann; Marin Lysák; Luke Schafer; Christian Bugge Henriksen. 2019. "Quantification of the understorey contribution to carbon storage in a peri-urban temperate food forest." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 45, no. : 126359.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2019 in Energies
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Agro-ecosystems for integrated food, fodder, and biomass production can contribute to achieving European Union goals to increase renewable energy sources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The study objective was to evaluate the productivity and economic returns from a combined food and energy (CFE) system compared to sole winter wheat and sole short rotation woody crop (SRWC) production. Two excel-based models viz. Yield-SAFE and Farm-SAFE, were used to simulate agronomic productivity and economic assessment respectively. Yield-SAFE was calibrated and validated with measured data from CFE from 1996–2016. When compared over temporal scale of 21 years, CFE systems with 150–200 m alley width had the highest net present value (NPV) followed by 100 m, 50 m, sole winter wheat and sole SRWC, indicating higher profitability of CFE systems. Sensitivity analysis of NPV with ±10% yield fluctuations, and with 0–10% discount rate, demonstrated that CFE systems was more profitable than sole crops, indicating higher resilience in CFE systems. LER in CFE ranged from 1.14–1.34 indicative of higher productivity of CFE systems compared to component monocultures. Hence, the study has demonstrated that the productivity and the economic viability of CFE systems, were higher than sole crops, for informed decision making by farm managers and policy makers to contribute to renewable energy biomass production and to mitigate the impending adverse climate change effects on agricultural production.

ACS Style

Ying Xu; Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Silvestre García De Jalón; Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. Assessment of Productivity and Economic Viability of Combined Food and Energy (CFE) Production System in Denmark. Energies 2019, 12, 166 .

AMA Style

Ying Xu, Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann, Silvestre García De Jalón, Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. Assessment of Productivity and Economic Viability of Combined Food and Energy (CFE) Production System in Denmark. Energies. 2019; 12 (1):166.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ying Xu; Lisa Mølgaard Lehmann; Silvestre García De Jalón; Bhim Bahadur Ghaley. 2019. "Assessment of Productivity and Economic Viability of Combined Food and Energy (CFE) Production System in Denmark." Energies 12, no. 1: 166.