Big cities in the world are burdened by heavy traffic and all the resulting negative consequences. A partial solution of this problem is achieved by the introduction of high-quality public urban transport of passengers that enables faster and more efficient transport. Since the introduction of individual forms of public urban transport depends on several factors, such as economic, traffic, environmental and technical ones, the problem is often a very complex one. The implementation of trolleybuses represents one of the forms of passenger transportation in public urban transport. It is the most favourable electrical vehicle for public urban transport when the implementation of a rail system is not affordable. Looking through history, the trolleybus has experienced significant changes in the implementation, in a large number of world urban environments. This paper points out the unjustifiable neglect of trolleybus in the implementation for the public urban transport and the renewed increase in the interest for its implementation. The advantages and drawbacks of the trolleybus are listed in relation to buses, as well as the reasons due to which some cities in the world are introducing it or increasing its implementation. The paper also emphasises and provides arguments of the ecological and energy advantages of trolleybuses in relation to buses as crucial in advanced public urban transport of passengers. Also, advanced technical solutions are pointed out that contribute to safer, faster and more comfortable transport of passengers. KEY WORDS: trolleybus, bus, public urban transport, environment, economics

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are among the most prevalent occupational health issues, particularly affecting public transport drivers due to prolonged sitting, constrained postures, and poorly adaptable cabins. This study addresses the ergonomic risks associated with tram driving, aiming to evaluate biomechanical load and postural stress in relation to drivers’ anthropometric characteristics. A combined methodological approach was applied, integrating two standardized observational tools—RULA and REBA—with anthropometric modeling based on three representatives European morphotypes (SmallW, MidM, and TallM). ErgoFellow 3.0 software was used for digital posture evaluation, and lumbar moments at the L4/L5 vertebral level were calculated to estimate lumbar loading. The analysis was simulation-based, using digital human models, and no real subjects were involved. The results revealed uniform REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) and RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) scores of 6 across all morphotypes, indicating moderate to high risk and a need for ergonomic intervention. Lumbar moments ranged from 51.35 Nm (SmallW) to 101.67 Nm (TallM), with the tallest model slightly exceeding the recommended ergonomic thresholds. These findings highlight a systemic mismatch between cabin design and user variability. In conclusion, ergonomic improvements such as adjustable seating, better control layout, and driver education are essential to reduce the risk of WMSDs. The study proposes a replicable methodology combining anthropometric, observational, and biomechanical tools for evaluating and improving transport workstation design.

The paper explores the possibility and necessity of incorporating users’ subjective perceptions of safety into risk assessments. The survey has been done as a statistical analysis of questionnaires fulfilled by Croatian Post (HP – Hrvatska pošta) users, highlighting their perceptions of various aspects and suggestions about physical security, transaction security and postal items handling. This way, subjective perception is offered as a base for further definition or calibration of already existing variables used for risk assessment calculations. At the same time, this aspect of monitoring and analysing postal services offers the possibility of assessing service quality not only based on transit time or the number of complaints, as is currently the case, but also through the function of perceived safety. The results show a high level of user confidence in their interactions with the postal system, although there is significant room and need for improvement in procedures when an unwanted incident occurs. The survey results provide a comprehensive overview of user perceptions and areas for improvement in the security and protection of postal services.