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Concrete made with Portland cement is by far the most heavily used construction material in the world today. Its success stems from the fact that it is relatively inexpensive yet highly versatile and functional and is made from widely available raw materials. However, in many environments, concrete structures gradually deteriorate over time. Premature deterioration of concrete is a major problem worldwide. Moreover, cement production is energy-intensive and releases a lot of CO2; this is compounded by its ever-increasing demand, particularly in developing countries. As such, there is an urgent need to develop more durable concretes to reduce their environmental impact and improve sustainability. To avoid such environmental problems, researchers are always searching for lightweight structural materials that show high performance during both processing and application. Among the various candidates, Magnesia (MgO) seems to be the most promising material to attain this target. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the characteristics and developments of MgO-based composites and their applications in cementitious materials and energy-efficient buildings. This paper starts with the characterization of MgO in terms of environmental production processes, calcination temperatures, reactivity, and micro-physical properties. Relationships between different MgO composites and energy-efficient building designs were established. Then, the influence of MgO incorporation on the properties of cementitious materials and indoor environmental quality was summarized. Finally, the future research directions on this were discussed.
Serenay Kara; Savas Erdem; Roberto Alonso González Lezcano. MgO-Based Cementitious Composites for Sustainable and Energy Efficient Building Design. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9188 .
AMA StyleSerenay Kara, Savas Erdem, Roberto Alonso González Lezcano. MgO-Based Cementitious Composites for Sustainable and Energy Efficient Building Design. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSerenay Kara; Savas Erdem; Roberto Alonso González Lezcano. 2021. "MgO-Based Cementitious Composites for Sustainable and Energy Efficient Building Design." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9188.
There are increasing research endeavours on the application of nanotechnology in the construction industry and lightweight composites. In this study, the influence of different percentage (1%, 2%, and 3% by weight of cement) colloidal nano-silica particles on the mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of lightweight cementitious composites was studied through measurement of compressive strength, flexural response, micro-hardness measurement, pore structure analysis, thermal conductivity, water permeability, and chloride penetration. Moreover, 3D X-ray Compute Tomography together with digital image analysis and 3D fractal analysis was used to characterize the nano-silica, micro-structures, and the fracture surfaces. The experimental results show that incorporating nano-silica particles resulted in a mechanical strength increase up to 45.4 % and a water permeability and chloride migration decrease up to 51.2% and 48.2%, respectively. The micro-structural and 3D fractal analysis also indicated that dense, flaw-free, and thus more resistant, interfaces to micro-cracks were formed and greater fractal dimensions were obtained with the increase of the nano-silica content. Finally, the 3D views confirmed that the nano-silica clusters were well interconnected which further increase the carrying capacity and reducing the heat flow.
Marva Blankson; Savaş Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz. Micro-Mechanical and 3D Fractal Analysis, Durability, and Thermal Behaviour of Nano-Modified Cementitious Lightweight Composites for Building Facades. Buildings 2021, 11, 85 .
AMA StyleMarva Blankson, Savaş Erdem, Ezgi Gürbüz. Micro-Mechanical and 3D Fractal Analysis, Durability, and Thermal Behaviour of Nano-Modified Cementitious Lightweight Composites for Building Facades. Buildings. 2021; 11 (3):85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarva Blankson; Savaş Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz. 2021. "Micro-Mechanical and 3D Fractal Analysis, Durability, and Thermal Behaviour of Nano-Modified Cementitious Lightweight Composites for Building Facades." Buildings 11, no. 3: 85.
This experimental study aims to investigate the hypothesis that a microencapsulated phase change material can be incorporated into a hybrid fibre (0.5% steel fiber and 1.5% Polyvinyl Alcohol fibre) Engineered Cementitious Composite mix developing in a new structural material. Five different mixes were prepared replacing phase change materials by micro silica sand in different percentages. The basic mechanical and thermal properties of the mixes were determined. It was deduced that the hybrid fibres confined the matrix materials around the particle at the micro-scale, and thus a state of triaxial compression developed. As a result of this mechanism, the compressive strength loss when adding phase change materials were significantly compensated, and an increase in the flexural strengths for some mixes were occurred. The specific heat capacity results showed that the addition of more phase change materials into the mix would increase thermal mass storage ability significantly.
Ezgi Gürbüz; Savaş Erdem. Development and thermo-mechanical analysis of high-performance hybrid fibre engineered cementitious composites with microencapsulated phase change materials. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 263, 120139 .
AMA StyleEzgi Gürbüz, Savaş Erdem. Development and thermo-mechanical analysis of high-performance hybrid fibre engineered cementitious composites with microencapsulated phase change materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 263 ():120139.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEzgi Gürbüz; Savaş Erdem. 2020. "Development and thermo-mechanical analysis of high-performance hybrid fibre engineered cementitious composites with microencapsulated phase change materials." Construction and Building Materials 263, no. : 120139.
In this study, in order to observe how nano-materials have an effect on the engineering properties of a high plasticity building soil with 91.56% clay and silt; Atterberg limits test, standard proctor compaction tests and unconfined compressive strength tests were performed on samples containing 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% percentages of nano-clay. In addition, a 3D crack roughness and fractal analysis associated with micro-structural investigation were carried out on the damaged samples to clarify the failure process of the samples. The results proved that nano-clay reduces pores by filling the gap between the particles, binds the particles together and consequently reduces the optimum water content of the soil as confirmed by a quantitative micro-structural analysis. Finally, the micro-structural analysis also shows lack of nano-clay close to the confined area and more nano-clay were found concentrate at the middle section indicating superior compressive and shear strength. However, when the three-dimensional surface curves and fractal analysis results are examined, the depths of the points of the sample with 0.25% nano-clay are much greater in each location compare to those of the other samples.
Hosein Zoriyeh; Savas Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz; Ilknur Bozbey. Nano-clay modified high plasticity soil as a building material: Micro-structure linked engineering properties and 3D digital crack analysis. Journal of Building Engineering 2019, 27, 101005 .
AMA StyleHosein Zoriyeh, Savas Erdem, Ezgi Gürbüz, Ilknur Bozbey. Nano-clay modified high plasticity soil as a building material: Micro-structure linked engineering properties and 3D digital crack analysis. Journal of Building Engineering. 2019; 27 ():101005.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHosein Zoriyeh; Savas Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz; Ilknur Bozbey. 2019. "Nano-clay modified high plasticity soil as a building material: Micro-structure linked engineering properties and 3D digital crack analysis." Journal of Building Engineering 27, no. : 101005.
Radiation can be used to observe microstructure of any material in different sectors or study fields. At this juncture, civil engineering is one of the major fields of engineering due to the use of a variety of materials in construction. The evaluation of microstructure of materials is vital for a number of reasons based on observing mechanical and electrical properties of materials which can give shape to the design or production of them in engineering. For that reason, the microstructure of commonly used civil engineering materials such as concrete, soil, asphalt or metal should be investigated in detail to improve the performance of structures. The determination of the changing mechanical properties of materials can be readily done using many destructive experiments; however, there is limited nondestructive method. At this point, a nondestructive and practical method has come into this research area, which is X-ray computed tomography technique. In this chapter, information about the major use of X-ray computed tomography method in civil engineering is aimed to transfer to all readers.
Savaş Erdem; Serap Hanbay. X-Ray Computed Tomography Technique in Civil Engineering. Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT) in Medicine and Engineering 2019, 277 -288.
AMA StyleSavaş Erdem, Serap Hanbay. X-Ray Computed Tomography Technique in Civil Engineering. Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT) in Medicine and Engineering. 2019; ():277-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavaş Erdem; Serap Hanbay. 2019. "X-Ray Computed Tomography Technique in Civil Engineering." Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT) in Medicine and Engineering , no. : 277-288.
The purpose of this experimental work is to investigate the effect of microencapsulated phase change materials (MicroPCM) content on the flexural behaviour and impact load-induced micromechanical damage behaviour of hybrid fibre Engineered Cementitious Composites (Hybrid-ECC). A total of five different hybrid reinforced (0.5% steel fibre and 1.5% Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fibre) ECC mixes with different MicroPCM content (0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5% by weight) were prepared. Toughness indices, deflection at max load, flexural modulus, strength at first-cracking and post-cracking stages were determined and characterized in detail. In addition, 3D X-ray computed tomography technique accompanied by digital image analysis were applied for the quantitative assessment of impact load-induced microstructural damages. The results showed that there were no direct relationships between the MicroPCM content and the flexural modulus and the toughness indices. However, the ductility capacity (deflection at ultimate load) of the Hybrid-ECC composite with 5% MicroPCM content was much higher than others. In addition, the quantitative and 3D microstructural analysis indicate that the Hybrid-ECC composite with 3% MicroPCM was the most severely damaged mix under impact loading.
Savaş Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz. Influence of microencapsulated phase change materials on the flexural behavior and micromechanical impact damage of hybrid fibre reinforced engineered cementitious composites. Composites Part B: Engineering 2019, 166, 633 -644.
AMA StyleSavaş Erdem, Ezgi Gürbüz. Influence of microencapsulated phase change materials on the flexural behavior and micromechanical impact damage of hybrid fibre reinforced engineered cementitious composites. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2019; 166 ():633-644.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavaş Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz. 2019. "Influence of microencapsulated phase change materials on the flexural behavior and micromechanical impact damage of hybrid fibre reinforced engineered cementitious composites." Composites Part B: Engineering 166, no. : 633-644.
Savas Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz; Mücteba Uysal. Micro-mechanical analysis and X-ray computed tomography quantification of damage in concrete with industrial by-products and construction waste. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 189, 933 -940.
AMA StyleSavas Erdem, Ezgi Gürbüz, Mücteba Uysal. Micro-mechanical analysis and X-ray computed tomography quantification of damage in concrete with industrial by-products and construction waste. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 189 ():933-940.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavas Erdem; Ezgi Gürbüz; Mücteba Uysal. 2018. "Micro-mechanical analysis and X-ray computed tomography quantification of damage in concrete with industrial by-products and construction waste." Journal of Cleaner Production 189, no. : 933-940.
In this study, different samples of concrete, containing natural and recycled coarse aggregates and different ratios of nano-silica, were delicately prepared to examine the micro-structure associated material behaviour, and to quantitatively characterize the fracture surfaces after fast dynamic fracture. The first specimen includes 100% of natural aggregates and for the second one, 100% of recycled coarse aggregates were used only. In the other specimens, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of nano-silica together with 100% of recycled coarse aggregates were used, respectively. A number of tests including compressive and flexural strength, non-destructive ultrasonic, impact and water penetration tests were conducted for all specimens. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray computed tomography coupled with image analysis and laser vertical interferometry were employed for the characterization of nano-silica and the impact damaged fracture surfaces of some mixtures. According to the results, recycled coarse aggregate weakened the mechanical properties of the natural coarse aggregate concrete and increased the water permeability. However, it has been demonstrated that this reduction can be mitigated by adding nano-silica into concrete, incorporating recycled coarse aggregate as confirmed by the quantitative X-ray spectroscopy micro-chemical analysis. In addition, it was also concluded from the fractographical surface analysis that nano-silica reduces the pore amount and produces the concrete less porous at the macroscopic level. This, in turn, may stimulate toughening mechanism and crack deflection, leading to low micro-roughness number but high impact resistance during the fast dynamic fracture event.
Savaş Erdem; Serap Hanbay; Zeynel Güler. Micromechanical damage analysis and engineering performance of concrete with colloidal nano-silica and demolished concrete aggregates. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 171, 634 -642.
AMA StyleSavaş Erdem, Serap Hanbay, Zeynel Güler. Micromechanical damage analysis and engineering performance of concrete with colloidal nano-silica and demolished concrete aggregates. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 171 ():634-642.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavaş Erdem; Serap Hanbay; Zeynel Güler. 2018. "Micromechanical damage analysis and engineering performance of concrete with colloidal nano-silica and demolished concrete aggregates." Construction and Building Materials 171, no. : 634-642.
In this paper, an experimental investigation was carried out to study some mechanical and microstructural characteristics of fly ash based geopolymer mortars reinforced with three different fiber types. Steel, polypropylene, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers were used and the effect of their addition on the geopolymer composites behavior regarding strength properties, abrasion resistance, and drying shrinkage was studied, furthermore, a microstructural analysis was carried out to understand the geopolymeric matrix composition and its bonding to the fibers. Results showed that the addition of fibers improved the strength characteristics of the geopolymer composites, for instance, the existence of Steel and polyvinyl alcohol fibers increased the flexural strength of the geopolymer composite 31.45% and 39.84% respectively with respect to control sample. Moreover, all fiber reinforced geopolymer composites yielded a drying shrinkage of less than 400 microstrains and an abrasion resistance of less than 1 g. Microstructural analysis of the non-fibrous geopolymer control sample revealed a good degree of geopolymerization and the fibers yielded an acceptable interfacial bonding with the geopolymeric binder.
Mukhallad M. Al-Mashhadani; Orhan Canpolat; Yurdakul Aygörmez; Mucteba Uysal; Savas Erdem. Mechanical and microstructural characterization of fiber reinforced fly ash based geopolymer composites. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 167, 505 -513.
AMA StyleMukhallad M. Al-Mashhadani, Orhan Canpolat, Yurdakul Aygörmez, Mucteba Uysal, Savas Erdem. Mechanical and microstructural characterization of fiber reinforced fly ash based geopolymer composites. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 167 ():505-513.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMukhallad M. Al-Mashhadani; Orhan Canpolat; Yurdakul Aygörmez; Mucteba Uysal; Savas Erdem. 2018. "Mechanical and microstructural characterization of fiber reinforced fly ash based geopolymer composites." Construction and Building Materials 167, no. : 505-513.
DOI: 10.7764/RDLC.16.1.167Carbon fibers (CFs) in the cement mortars are used in order to improve characteristics properties of the composite materials such as mechanical properties. Moreover, the uniformity of fiber dispersion is significant aspect for improvement of the composites. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is a fully nondestructive technique to view features in the interior of opaque solid objects to obtain digital information on their properties. In this study, firstly, flexural test was conducted were investigated for 4×4×16 cm samples incorporated with carbon fiber at 2- and 7-days curing. Secondly, the images that were obtained by using multi-slice CT technique. Finally, the compressive strength properties of the mortars mixed with carbon fiber were discussed. According to the test results, the dispersion and orientation of CFs in the samples have a remarkable impact on mechanical properties of the composites.
Ozlem Celik Sola; Savas Erdem; Levent Bostanci; Baris Sayin; Beykent University; İstanbul University; Cengiz Duran Atis. Investigation of mechanical properties of mortars with carbon fiber using multi slice computed tomography. Revista de la construcción 2017, 16, 167 -173.
AMA StyleOzlem Celik Sola, Savas Erdem, Levent Bostanci, Baris Sayin, Beykent University, İstanbul University, Cengiz Duran Atis. Investigation of mechanical properties of mortars with carbon fiber using multi slice computed tomography. Revista de la construcción. 2017; 16 (1):167-173.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOzlem Celik Sola; Savas Erdem; Levent Bostanci; Baris Sayin; Beykent University; İstanbul University; Cengiz Duran Atis. 2017. "Investigation of mechanical properties of mortars with carbon fiber using multi slice computed tomography." Revista de la construcción 16, no. 1: 167-173.
Savas Erdem; Serap Hanbay; Marva Angela Blankson. Self-sensing damage assessment and image-based surface crack quantification of carbon nanofibre reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2017, 134, 520 -529.
AMA StyleSavas Erdem, Serap Hanbay, Marva Angela Blankson. Self-sensing damage assessment and image-based surface crack quantification of carbon nanofibre reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2017; 134 ():520-529.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavas Erdem; Serap Hanbay; Marva Angela Blankson. 2017. "Self-sensing damage assessment and image-based surface crack quantification of carbon nanofibre reinforced concrete." Construction and Building Materials 134, no. : 520-529.
Pejman Keikhaei Dehdezi; Savas Erdem; Marva Angela Blankson. Physico-mechanical, microstructural and dynamic properties of newly developed artificial fly ash based lightweight aggregate – Rubber concrete composite. Composites Part B: Engineering 2015, 79, 451 -455.
AMA StylePejman Keikhaei Dehdezi, Savas Erdem, Marva Angela Blankson. Physico-mechanical, microstructural and dynamic properties of newly developed artificial fly ash based lightweight aggregate – Rubber concrete composite. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2015; 79 ():451-455.
Chicago/Turabian StylePejman Keikhaei Dehdezi; Savas Erdem; Marva Angela Blankson. 2015. "Physico-mechanical, microstructural and dynamic properties of newly developed artificial fly ash based lightweight aggregate – Rubber concrete composite." Composites Part B: Engineering 79, no. : 451-455.
Marva Angela Blankson; Savaş Erdem. Comparison of the effect of organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors on the rheology of self-compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2015, 77, 59 -65.
AMA StyleMarva Angela Blankson, Savaş Erdem. Comparison of the effect of organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors on the rheology of self-compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2015; 77 ():59-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarva Angela Blankson; Savaş Erdem. 2015. "Comparison of the effect of organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors on the rheology of self-compacting concrete." Construction and Building Materials 77, no. : 59-65.
Savaş Erdem. X-ray computed tomography and fractal analysis for the evaluation of segregation resistance, strength response and accelerated corrosion behaviour of self-compacting lightweight concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2014, 61, 10 -17.
AMA StyleSavaş Erdem. X-ray computed tomography and fractal analysis for the evaluation of segregation resistance, strength response and accelerated corrosion behaviour of self-compacting lightweight concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2014; 61 ():10-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavaş Erdem. 2014. "X-ray computed tomography and fractal analysis for the evaluation of segregation resistance, strength response and accelerated corrosion behaviour of self-compacting lightweight concrete." Construction and Building Materials 61, no. : 10-17.
The overall objective of this research project was to investigate the feasibility of incorporating 100% recycled aggregates, either waste precast concrete or waste asphalt planning, as replacements for virgin aggregates in structural concrete and to determine the mechanical and environmental performance of concrete containing these aggregates. Four different types of concrete mixtures were designed with the same total water cement ratio (w/c=0.74) either by using natural aggregate as reference or by totally replacing the natural aggregate with recycled material. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) was used as a mineral addition (35%) in all mixtures. The test results showed that it is possible to obtain satisfactory performance for strength characteristics of concrete containing recycled aggregates, if these aggregates are sourced from old precast concrete. However, from the perspective of the mechanical properties, the test results indicated that concrete with RAP aggregate cannot be used for structural applications. In terms of leaching, the results also showed that the environmental behaviour of the recycled aggregate concrete is similar to that of the natural aggregate concrete.
Savas Erdem; Marva Angela Blankson. Environmental performance and mechanical analysis of concrete containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and waste precast concrete as aggregate. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2014, 264, 403 -410.
AMA StyleSavas Erdem, Marva Angela Blankson. Environmental performance and mechanical analysis of concrete containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and waste precast concrete as aggregate. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2014; 264 ():403-410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavas Erdem; Marva Angela Blankson. 2014. "Environmental performance and mechanical analysis of concrete containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and waste precast concrete as aggregate." Journal of Hazardous Materials 264, no. : 403-410.
In this study, quantitative microstructure-property relationships are mainly used to characterize the damage due to high-strain-rate impact loading and the mechanical behavior of concretes prepared by substituting natural aggregate (gravel) with recycled aggregates having different rigidities (blue brick and rubber). Based on the results obtained, a possible mechanism for microstructural damage in concrete is proposed. It is concluded that the aggregate causes a change in the initial interfacial transition zone (ITZ) condition, and it is this altered ITZ condition that has a major effect on overall mix behavior. The analysis also indicates that there is almost a linear correlation between the roughness values (Ra) of the region near the paste–aggregate interface and the dissipated surface fracture energy values of the specimens. Moreover, three-dimensional topographic images of the specimens constructed using a vertical nanotech scanning interferometer show that the paste region of the gravel specimen has the smoothest profile due to the relatively strong hydrated paste.
Savas Erdem; Andrew Robert Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. Micromechanical Structure-Property Relationships for the Damage Analysis of Impact-Loaded Sustainable Concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2013, 25, 597 -609.
AMA StyleSavas Erdem, Andrew Robert Dawson, Nicholas Howard Thom. Micromechanical Structure-Property Relationships for the Damage Analysis of Impact-Loaded Sustainable Concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2013; 25 (5):597-609.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavas Erdem; Andrew Robert Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. 2013. "Micromechanical Structure-Property Relationships for the Damage Analysis of Impact-Loaded Sustainable Concrete." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 25, no. 5: 597-609.
Savas Erdem; Marva Angela Blankson. Fractal–fracture analysis and characterization of impact-fractured surfaces in different types of concrete using digital image analysis and 3D nanomap laser profilometery. Construction and Building Materials 2013, 40, 70 -76.
AMA StyleSavas Erdem, Marva Angela Blankson. Fractal–fracture analysis and characterization of impact-fractured surfaces in different types of concrete using digital image analysis and 3D nanomap laser profilometery. Construction and Building Materials. 2013; 40 ():70-76.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavas Erdem; Marva Angela Blankson. 2013. "Fractal–fracture analysis and characterization of impact-fractured surfaces in different types of concrete using digital image analysis and 3D nanomap laser profilometery." Construction and Building Materials 40, no. : 70-76.
Savas Erdem; Andrew Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. Impact load-induced micro-structural damage and micro-structure associated mechanical response of concrete made with different surface roughness and porosity aggregates. Cement and Concrete Research 2012, 42, 291 -305.
AMA StyleSavas Erdem, Andrew Dawson, Nicholas Howard Thom. Impact load-induced micro-structural damage and micro-structure associated mechanical response of concrete made with different surface roughness and porosity aggregates. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012; 42 (2):291-305.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavas Erdem; Andrew Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. 2012. "Impact load-induced micro-structural damage and micro-structure associated mechanical response of concrete made with different surface roughness and porosity aggregates." Cement and Concrete Research 42, no. 2: 291-305.
Savaş Erdem; Andrew Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. Influence of the micro- and nanoscale local mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone on impact behavior of concrete made with different aggregates. Cement and Concrete Research 2012, 42, 447 -458.
AMA StyleSavaş Erdem, Andrew Dawson, Nicholas Howard Thom. Influence of the micro- and nanoscale local mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone on impact behavior of concrete made with different aggregates. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012; 42 (2):447-458.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavaş Erdem; Andrew Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. 2012. "Influence of the micro- and nanoscale local mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone on impact behavior of concrete made with different aggregates." Cement and Concrete Research 42, no. 2: 447-458.
Savaş Erdem; Andrew Robert Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. Microstructure-linked strength properties and impact response of conventional and recycled concrete reinforced with steel and synthetic macro fibres. Construction and Building Materials 2011, 25, 4025 -4036.
AMA StyleSavaş Erdem, Andrew Robert Dawson, Nicholas Howard Thom. Microstructure-linked strength properties and impact response of conventional and recycled concrete reinforced with steel and synthetic macro fibres. Construction and Building Materials. 2011; 25 (10):4025-4036.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSavaş Erdem; Andrew Robert Dawson; Nicholas Howard Thom. 2011. "Microstructure-linked strength properties and impact response of conventional and recycled concrete reinforced with steel and synthetic macro fibres." Construction and Building Materials 25, no. 10: 4025-4036.