This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
Dapeng Yu
Department of GeographyLoughborough UniversityUK

Basic Info

Basic Info is private.

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Research article
Published: 13 July 2021 in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This paper describes an integrated climatological-hydrodynamic method that couples probabilistic hurricane model, storm surge model, inundation model, coastal protection data, and sea level rise projections to estimate tropical cyclone-induced coastal flood inundation hazard in a coastal megacity-Shanghai, China. We identify three “worst-case” scenarios (extracted from over 5,000 synthetic storms) that generate unprecedentedly high flood levels in Shanghai. Nevertheless, we find that the mainland Shanghai is relatively safe from coastal flooding under the current climate, thanks to its high-standard seawall protection. However, the city is expected to be increasingly at risk due to future sea level rise, with inundation two times and 20 times more likely to occur by mid- and late-21st century, respectively, and inundation depth and area to greatly increase (e.g., 60%–1,360% increase in the inundation area for the “worst cases” by 2,100). The low-lying and poorly protected area (e.g., Chongming Island) is likely to be moderately affected by flood events with long return periods at the current state but could be largely inundated in future sea-level-rise situations.

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Ning Lin; Yuhan Yang; William J. Pringle; Jinkai Tan; Joannes J. Westerink; Dapeng Yu. Hazard assessment for typhoon‐induced coastal flooding and inundation in Shanghai, China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 2021, 126, 1 .

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Ning Lin, Yuhan Yang, William J. Pringle, Jinkai Tan, Joannes J. Westerink, Dapeng Yu. Hazard assessment for typhoon‐induced coastal flooding and inundation in Shanghai, China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 2021; 126 (7):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Ning Lin; Yuhan Yang; William J. Pringle; Jinkai Tan; Joannes J. Westerink; Dapeng Yu. 2021. "Hazard assessment for typhoon‐induced coastal flooding and inundation in Shanghai, China." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 126, no. 7: 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in Cities
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Emergency medical service (EMS) is important for rescuing victims suffering from life-threatening illnesses or accidents, and is highly time-sensitive by nature. Many uncertain contexts in the urban environment can prolong EMS response time and deteriorate its performance. Using the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method, this study measures EMS accessibility with the effect of a regular uncertain context (i.e., the city dynamics like time-varying population and traffic) and an irregular uncertain context (i.e., an extreme pluvial flood event which can cause extensive road closures). The results indicate that, in the central urban area of Shanghai, mid-west areas with denser populations have higher accessibility than eastern peripheral areas. Flooding can cause a remarkable decline of accessibility which falls to the lowest point slightly earlier than the time when the worst road connectivity emerges. The night time exhibits better accessibility than especially the peak hours during the daytime. The GWR results reveal that increasing facility richness and road density while decreasing flood-induced road closures have a positive effect on EMS accessibility. The study indicates that both regular and irregular uncertain contextual factors can influence EMS accessibility in a highly complex manner. Carefully taking these uncertainties into account would enable EMS planning in other contexts and regions to face the enormous challenges posed by the changing climate and increasingly complex urban environment.

ACS Style

Mengya Li; Mei-Po Kwan; Jie Chen; Jun Wang; Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu. Measuring emergency medical service (EMS) accessibility with the effect of city dynamics in a 100-year pluvial flood scenario. Cities 2021, 117, 103314 .

AMA Style

Mengya Li, Mei-Po Kwan, Jie Chen, Jun Wang, Jie Yin, Dapeng Yu. Measuring emergency medical service (EMS) accessibility with the effect of city dynamics in a 100-year pluvial flood scenario. Cities. 2021; 117 ():103314.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mengya Li; Mei-Po Kwan; Jie Chen; Jun Wang; Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu. 2021. "Measuring emergency medical service (EMS) accessibility with the effect of city dynamics in a 100-year pluvial flood scenario." Cities 117, no. : 103314.

Review
Published: 27 May 2021 in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Urbanisation is an irreversible trend as a result of social and economic development. Urban areas, with high concentration of population, key infrastructure, and businesses, are extremely vulnerable to flooding and may suffer severe socio-economic losses due to climate change. Urban flood modelling tools are in demand to predict surface water inundation caused by intense rainfall and to manage associated flood risks in urban areas. These tools have been rapidly developing in recent decades. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the advanced urban flood models and emerging approaches for predicting urban surface water flooding driven by intense rainfall. The study explores the advantages and limitations of existing model types, highlights the most recent advances, and identifies major challenges. Issues of model complexities, scale effects, and computational efficiency are also analysed. The results will inform scientists, engineers, and decision-makers of the latest developments and guide the model selection based on desired objectives.

ACS Style

Kaihua Guo; Mingfu Guan; Dapeng Yu. Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2021, 25, 2843 -2860.

AMA Style

Kaihua Guo, Mingfu Guan, Dapeng Yu. Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 2021; 25 (5):2843-2860.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaihua Guo; Mingfu Guan; Dapeng Yu. 2021. "Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 5: 2843-2860.

Preprint content
Published: 03 March 2021
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Flooding is a major global hazard that accounts for one-third of all reported natural disasters and over 500,000 fatalities since 1980. Globally, vulnerable populations (very young, elderly, medical special needs individuals, etc.) are disproportionately affected by flooding and predominantly encompass the majority of flood associated injuries and fatalities. This is caused by their low self-reliance, weak political voice and insufficient inclusion into climate adaptation and emergency response plans.

Vulnerable individuals are largely reliant on Ambulance and Fire & Rescue Services due to flood induced injuries, exacerbated medical conditions, and requiring evacuative assistance. These services are primary emergency responders to flooding that provide rescue and relief efforts. However, during flood events, the demand for Ambulance and Fire & Rescue Service often exceeds the potential capacity and limits service provision, whilst flooded road networks and short emergency responder-timeframes decrease accessibility, service area and population coverage.

Therefore, an important step towards resolving these social inequalities and emergency responder strains from flooding is to understand the geographic, spatial, temporal, and demographic distributions of vulnerability. This will be undertaken by identifying vulnerability ‘hotspots’ of global populations in terms of emergency service provision during times of flooding of various magnitude under climate change.

The research will use Big Geographical and Climate Data and a ‘hotspot’ approach to investigate how the global extent and distribution of flood hazards and vulnerable population hotspots vary spatially and temporally, based on differing global fluvial and coastal flooding (at 10-year and 100-year return periods), and present and future flood conditions (present-day and 2050, under RCP 4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios). Network Analysis modelling will be used to investigate the impact of this on Ambulance and Fire & Rescue accessibility from service stations to vulnerable populations based on restrictions of road network inundation and emergency response-times (8-, 15-, and 60- minutes). Finally, comparisons will be made to highlight how vulnerability and emergency service accessibility compares demographically between different vulnerable population groups.

It is expected that there will be significant geographical and temporal differences in social vulnerability and emergency service provision between countries and regions globally. Although to what extent is currently unknown. Ultimately, the framework of this research may provide real-world applications for informing strategic planning of emergency response operations and resolving social inequalities to flood hazards. These applications could include the production of more detailed flood hazard and evacuation maps that highlight vulnerability hotspots, the prioritisation of vulnerable population groups in emergency response plans to minimise geographic and population disparities of flood injuries and fatalities, and the allocation of emergency service hubs in regions of high-vulnerability but low-emergency response provision.

ACS Style

Sarah Johnson; Robert Wilby; Dapeng Yu; Tom Matthews. Global assessment of flood impact on emergency service provision to vulnerable populations under climate change . 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sarah Johnson, Robert Wilby, Dapeng Yu, Tom Matthews. Global assessment of flood impact on emergency service provision to vulnerable populations under climate change . . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Johnson; Robert Wilby; Dapeng Yu; Tom Matthews. 2021. "Global assessment of flood impact on emergency service provision to vulnerable populations under climate change ." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 16 December 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Kaihua Guo; Mingfu Guan; Dapeng Yu. Supplementary material to "Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges". 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Kaihua Guo, Mingfu Guan, Dapeng Yu. Supplementary material to "Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges". . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaihua Guo; Mingfu Guan; Dapeng Yu. 2020. "Supplementary material to "Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges"." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 16 December 2020
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Urbanisation is an irreversible trend as a result of social and economic development. Urban areas, with high concentration of population, key infrastructure, and businesses are extremely vulnerable to flooding and may suffer severe socio-economic losses due to climate change. Urban flood modelling tools are in demand to predict surface water inundation caused by intense rainfall and to manage associated flood risks in urban areas. These tools have been rapidly developing in recent decades. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the advanced urban flood models and emerging approaches for predicting urban surface water flooding driven by intense rainfall. The study explores the advantages and limitations of existing model types, highlights the most recent advances and identifies major challenges. Issues of model complexities, scale effects, and computational efficiency are also analysed. The results will inform scientists, engineers, and decision-makers of the latest developments and guide the model selection based on desired objectives.

ACS Style

Kaihua Guo; Mingfu Guan; Dapeng Yu. Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges. 2020, 2020, 1 -27.

AMA Style

Kaihua Guo, Mingfu Guan, Dapeng Yu. Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges. . 2020; 2020 ():1-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaihua Guo; Mingfu Guan; Dapeng Yu. 2020. "Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges." 2020, no. : 1-27.

Journal article
Published: 21 August 2020 in Earth's Future
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Sea‐level rise (SLR) and subsidence are expected to increase the risk of flooding and reliance on flood defenses for cities built on deltas. Here, we combine reliability analysis with hydrodynamic modeling to quantify the effect of projected relative SLR on dike failures and flood hazards for Shanghai, one of the most exposed delta cities. We find that flood inundation is likely to occur in low‐lying and poorly‐protected peri‐urban/rural areas of the city even under the present‐day sea level. However, without adaptation measures, the risk increases by a factor of 3‐160 across the densely populated floodplain under projected SLR to 2100. Impacts of frequent flood events are predicted to be more affected by SLR than those with longer return periods. Our results imply that including reliability‐based dike failures in flood simulations enables more credible flood risk assessment for global delta cities where conventional methods have assumed either overtopping‐only or complete failure.

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Sebastiaan Jonkman; Ning Lin; Dapeng Yu; Jeroen Aerts; Robert Wilby; Ming Pan; Eric Wood; Jeremy Bricker; Qian Ke; Zhenzhong Zeng; Qing Zhao; Jianzhong Ge; Jun Wang. Flood Risks in Sinking Delta Cities: Time for a Reevaluation? Earth's Future 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Sebastiaan Jonkman, Ning Lin, Dapeng Yu, Jeroen Aerts, Robert Wilby, Ming Pan, Eric Wood, Jeremy Bricker, Qian Ke, Zhenzhong Zeng, Qing Zhao, Jianzhong Ge, Jun Wang. Flood Risks in Sinking Delta Cities: Time for a Reevaluation? Earth's Future. 2020; 8 (8):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Sebastiaan Jonkman; Ning Lin; Dapeng Yu; Jeroen Aerts; Robert Wilby; Ming Pan; Eric Wood; Jeremy Bricker; Qian Ke; Zhenzhong Zeng; Qing Zhao; Jianzhong Ge; Jun Wang. 2020. "Flood Risks in Sinking Delta Cities: Time for a Reevaluation?" Earth's Future 8, no. 8: 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 May 2020 in Nature Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Emergency responders must reach urgent cases within mandatory timeframes, regardless of weather conditions. However, flooding of transport networks can add critical minutes to travel times between dispatch and arrival. Here, we explicitly model the spatial coverage of all Ambulance Service and Fire and Rescue Service stations in England during flooding of varying severity under compliant response times. We show that even low-magnitude floods can lead to a reduction in national-level compliance with mandatory response times and this reduction can be even more dramatic in some urban agglomerations, making the effectiveness of the emergency response particularly sensitive to the expected impacts of future increases in extreme rainfall and flood risk. Underpinning this sensitivity are policies leading to the centralization of the Ambulance Service and the decentralization of the Fire and Rescue Service. The results provide opportunities to identify hotspots of vulnerability (such as care homes, sheltered accommodation, nurseries and schools) for optimizing the distribution of response stations and developing contingency plans for stranded sites.

ACS Style

Dapeng Yu; Jie Yin; Robert L. Wilby; Stuart N. Lane; Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts; Ning Lin; Min Liu; Hongyong Yuan; Jianguo Chen; Christel Prudhomme; Mingfu Guan; Avinoam Baruch; Charlie W. D. Johnson; Xi Tang; Lizhong Yu; Shiyuan Xu. Disruption of emergency response to vulnerable populations during floods. Nature Sustainability 2020, 3, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Dapeng Yu, Jie Yin, Robert L. Wilby, Stuart N. Lane, Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts, Ning Lin, Min Liu, Hongyong Yuan, Jianguo Chen, Christel Prudhomme, Mingfu Guan, Avinoam Baruch, Charlie W. D. Johnson, Xi Tang, Lizhong Yu, Shiyuan Xu. Disruption of emergency response to vulnerable populations during floods. Nature Sustainability. 2020; 3 (9):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dapeng Yu; Jie Yin; Robert L. Wilby; Stuart N. Lane; Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts; Ning Lin; Min Liu; Hongyong Yuan; Jianguo Chen; Christel Prudhomme; Mingfu Guan; Avinoam Baruch; Charlie W. D. Johnson; Xi Tang; Lizhong Yu; Shiyuan Xu. 2020. "Disruption of emergency response to vulnerable populations during floods." Nature Sustainability 3, no. 9: 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 18 April 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Typhoon disaster represent one of the most prominent threats to public safety in the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China and can cause severe economic losses and casualties. Prior to the landing of typhoons, affected people should be evacuated to shelters as soon as possible; this is crucial to prevent injuries and deaths. Various models aim to solve this problem, but the characteristics of disasters and evacuees are often overlooked. This study proposes a model based on the influence of a typhoon and its impact on evacuees. The model’s objective is to minimize the total evacuation distance, taking into account the distance constraint. The model is solved using the spatial analysis tools of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It is then applied in Macao to solve the evacuation process for Typhoon Mangkhut 2018. The result is an evacuee allocation plan that can help the government organize evacuation efficiently. Furthermore, the number of evacuees allocated to shelters is compared with shelter capacities, which can inform government shelter construction in the future.

ACS Style

Xiujuan Zhao; Peng Du; Jianguo Chen; Dapeng Yu; Wei Xu; Shiyan Lou; Hongyong Yuan; Kuai Peng Ip. A Typhoon Shelter Selection and Evacuee Allocation Model: A Case Study of Macao (SAR), China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3308 .

AMA Style

Xiujuan Zhao, Peng Du, Jianguo Chen, Dapeng Yu, Wei Xu, Shiyan Lou, Hongyong Yuan, Kuai Peng Ip. A Typhoon Shelter Selection and Evacuee Allocation Model: A Case Study of Macao (SAR), China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiujuan Zhao; Peng Du; Jianguo Chen; Dapeng Yu; Wei Xu; Shiyan Lou; Hongyong Yuan; Kuai Peng Ip. 2020. "A Typhoon Shelter Selection and Evacuee Allocation Model: A Case Study of Macao (SAR), China." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3308.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2019 in Journal of Hydrology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this paper, we study long-term coastal flood risk of Lingang New City, Shanghai, considering 100- and 1000-year coastal flood return periods, local seal-level rise projections, and long-term ground subsidence projections. TanDEM-X satellite data acquired in 2012 were used to generate a high-resolution topography map, and multi-sensor InSAR displacement time-series were used to obtain ground deformation rates between 2007-2017. Both data sets were then used to project ground deformation rates for the 2030s and 2050s. A 2-D flood inundation model (FloodMap-Inertial) was employed to predict coastal flood inundation for both scenarios. The results suggest that the sea-level rise, along with land subsidence, could result in minor but non-linear impacts on coastal inundation over time. The flood risk will primarily be determined by future exposure and vulnerability of population and property in the floodplain. Although the flood risk estimates show some uncertainties, particularly for long-term predictions, the methodology presented here could be applied to other coastal areas where sea level rise and land subsidence are evolving in the context of climate change and urbanization.

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Qing Zhao; Dapeng Yu; Ning Lin; Julia Kubanek; Guanyu Ma; Min Liu; Antonio Pepe. Long-term flood-hazard modeling for coastal areas using InSAR measurements and a hydrodynamic model: The case study of Lingang New City, Shanghai. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 571, 593 -604.

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Qing Zhao, Dapeng Yu, Ning Lin, Julia Kubanek, Guanyu Ma, Min Liu, Antonio Pepe. Long-term flood-hazard modeling for coastal areas using InSAR measurements and a hydrodynamic model: The case study of Lingang New City, Shanghai. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 571 ():593-604.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Qing Zhao; Dapeng Yu; Ning Lin; Julia Kubanek; Guanyu Ma; Min Liu; Antonio Pepe. 2019. "Long-term flood-hazard modeling for coastal areas using InSAR measurements and a hydrodynamic model: The case study of Lingang New City, Shanghai." Journal of Hydrology 571, no. : 593-604.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2019 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Schools and students are particularly vulnerable to natural hazards, especially pluvial flooding in cities. This paper presents a scenario-based study that assesses the school vulnerability of emergency services (i.e., Emergency Medical Service and Fire & Rescue Service) to urban pluvial flooding in the city center of Shanghai, China through the combination of flood hazard analysis and GIS-based accessibility mapping. Emergency coverages and response times in various traffic conditions are quantified to generate school vulnerability under normal no-flood and 100-y pluvial flood scenarios. The findings indicate that severe pluvial flooding could lead to proportionate and linear impacts on emergency response provision to schools in the city. Only 11% of all the schools is predicted to be completely unreachable (very high vulnerability) during flood emergency but the majority of the schools would experience significant delay in the travel times of emergency responses. In this case, appropriate adaptations need to be particularly targeted for specific hot-spot areas (e.g., new urbanized zones) and crunch times (e.g., rush hours).

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Yameng Jing; Dapeng Yu; Mingwu Ye; Yuhan Yang; Banggu Liao. A Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Emergency in Schools of Shanghai. Sustainability 2019, 11, 349 .

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Yameng Jing, Dapeng Yu, Mingwu Ye, Yuhan Yang, Banggu Liao. A Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Emergency in Schools of Shanghai. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (2):349.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Yameng Jing; Dapeng Yu; Mingwu Ye; Yuhan Yang; Banggu Liao. 2019. "A Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Emergency in Schools of Shanghai." Sustainability 11, no. 2: 349.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2018 in Applied Geography
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The Shanghai Metro constitutes a sizeable share of the municipal public transit. This paper presents a gravity-based approach for evaluating the potential effect of a 100-year pluvial flood (PF) event on metro accessibility and ridership. Since physical geographers have examined PF hazards and human geographers have analyzed metro accessibility separately, we seek to fill the research gap through examining metro accessibility and ridership together under adverse circumstances. To this end, road inundations are initially modeled by FloodMap-HydroInundation2D. Accessibility to metro stations by three access modes (walking, cycling, and driving) is measured through three impedance functions (inverse power, negative exponential, and modified Gaussian). Ridership measure mainly concerns the distance-decay effect on stations' attraction for passengers. The results indicate that inundation depth on more than 95% of the road links would reach 10–20 cm in the PF scenario, and road links with inundation deeper than 20 cm and 30 cm account for 47% and 15% of the road network respectively, which imposes notable restrictions on access journeys especially by cycling and driving. Metro accessibility in central Shanghai is quite equitable, even in the PF scenario. 87% of the communities can access the metro stations at the medium and medium-high accessibility levels in the normal scenario, but 80% can access only at the low and medium levels in the PF scenario. Due to the inaccessibility of neighboring station(s) in the PF scenario, 15 more stations may face the challenge of serving more than 50,000 passengers, which is much larger than their normal ridership. These findings have important implications for the formulation of safer usage of public transport in the face of heavy rainfall and associated flood events.

ACS Style

Mengya Li; Mei-Po Kwan; Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Jun Wang. The potential effect of a 100-year pluvial flood event on metro accessibility and ridership: A case study of central Shanghai, China. Applied Geography 2018, 100, 21 -29.

AMA Style

Mengya Li, Mei-Po Kwan, Jie Yin, Dapeng Yu, Jun Wang. The potential effect of a 100-year pluvial flood event on metro accessibility and ridership: A case study of central Shanghai, China. Applied Geography. 2018; 100 ():21-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mengya Li; Mei-Po Kwan; Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Jun Wang. 2018. "The potential effect of a 100-year pluvial flood event on metro accessibility and ridership: A case study of central Shanghai, China." Applied Geography 100, no. : 21-29.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in Journal of Hydrology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).This paper describes the development of a method that couples flood modelling with network analysis to evaluate the accessibility of city districts by emergency responders during flood events. We integrate numerical modelling of flood inundation with geographical analysis of service areas for the Ambulance Service and the Fire & Rescue Service. The method was demonstrated for two flood events in the City of York, UK to assess the vulnerability of care homes and sheltered accommodation. We determine the feasibility of emergency services gaining access within the statutory 8- and 10-minute targets for high-priority, life-threatening incidents 75% of the time, during flood episodes. A hydrodynamic flood inundation model (FloodMap) simulates the 2014 pluvial and 2015 fluvial flood events. Predicted floods (with depth >25 cm and areas >100 m2) were overlain on the road network to identify sites with potentially restricted access. Accessibility of the city to emergency responders during flooding was quantified and mapped using; (i) spatial coverage from individual emergency nodes within the legislated timeframes, and; (ii) response times from individual emergency service nodes to vulnerable care homes and sheltered accommodation under flood and non-flood conditions. Results show that, during the 2015 fluvial flood, the area covered by two of the three Fire & Rescue Service stations reduced by 14% and 39% respectively, while the remaining station needed to increase its coverage by 39%.\ud This amounts to an overall reduction of 6% and 20% for modelled and observed floods respectively. During the 2014 surface water flood, 7 out of 22 care homes (32%) and 15 out of 43 sheltered accommodation nodes (35%) had modelled response times above the 8-minute threshold from any Ambulance station. Overall, modelled surface water flooding has a larger spatial footprint than fluvial flood events. Hence, accessibility of\ud emergency services may be impacted differently depending on flood mechanism. Moreover, we expect emergency services to face greater challenges under a changing climate with a growing, more vulnerable\ud population. The methodology developed in this study could be applied to other cities, as well as for scenario based evaluation of emergency preparedness to support strategic decision making, and in real-time forecasting\ud to guide operational decisions where heavy rainfall lead-time and spatial resolution are sufficient

ACS Style

Daniel Coles; Dapeng Yu; Robert L. Wilby; Daniel Green; Zara Herring. Beyond ‘flood hotspots’: Modelling emergency service accessibility during flooding in York, UK. Journal of Hydrology 2017, 546, 419 -436.

AMA Style

Daniel Coles, Dapeng Yu, Robert L. Wilby, Daniel Green, Zara Herring. Beyond ‘flood hotspots’: Modelling emergency service accessibility during flooding in York, UK. Journal of Hydrology. 2017; 546 ():419-436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Coles; Dapeng Yu; Robert L. Wilby; Daniel Green; Zara Herring. 2017. "Beyond ‘flood hotspots’: Modelling emergency service accessibility during flooding in York, UK." Journal of Hydrology 546, no. : 419-436.

Journal article
Published: 03 January 2017 in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Emergency responders often have to operate and respond to emergency situations during dynamic weather conditions, including floods. This paper demonstrates a novel method using existing tools and datasets to evaluate emergency responder accessibility during flood events within the city of Leicester, UK. Accessibility was quantified using the 8 and 10 min legislative targets for emergency provision for the ambulance and fire and rescue services respectively under "normal" no-flood conditions, as well as flood scenarios of various magnitudes (1 in 20-year, 1 in 100-year and 1 in 1000-year recurrence intervals), with both surface water and fluvial flood conditions considered. Flood restrictions were processed based on previous hydrodynamic inundation modelling undertaken and inputted into a Network Analysis framework as restrictions for surface water and fluvial flood events. Surface water flooding was shown to cause more disruption to emergency responders operating within the city due to its widespread and spatially distributed footprint when compared to fluvial flood events of comparable magnitude. Fire and rescue 10 min accessibility was shown to decrease from 100, 66.5, 39.8 and 26.2 % under the no-flood, 1 in 20-year, 1 in 100-year and 1 in 1000-year surface water flood scenarios respectively. Furthermore, total inaccessibility was shown to increase with flood magnitude from 6.0 % under the 1 in 20-year scenario to 31.0 % under the 1 in 100-year flood scenario. Additionally, the evolution of emergency service accessibility throughout a surface water flood event is outlined, demonstrating the rapid impact on emergency service accessibility within the first 15 min of the surface water flood event, with a reduction in service coverage and overlap being observed for the ambulance service during a 1 in 100-year flood event. The study provides evidence to guide strategic planning for decision makers prior to and during emergency response to flood events at the city scale. It also provides a readily transferable method for exploring the impacts of natural hazards or disruptions in other cities or regions based on historic, scenario-based events or real-time forecasting, if such data are available.

ACS Style

Daniel Green; Dapeng Yu; Ian Pattison; Robert Wilby; Lee Bosher; Ramila Patel; Philip Thompson; Keith Trowell; Julia Draycon; Martin Halse; Lili Yang; Tim Ryley. City-scale accessibility of emergency responders operating during flood events. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2017, 17, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Daniel Green, Dapeng Yu, Ian Pattison, Robert Wilby, Lee Bosher, Ramila Patel, Philip Thompson, Keith Trowell, Julia Draycon, Martin Halse, Lili Yang, Tim Ryley. City-scale accessibility of emergency responders operating during flood events. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2017; 17 (1):1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Green; Dapeng Yu; Ian Pattison; Robert Wilby; Lee Bosher; Ramila Patel; Philip Thompson; Keith Trowell; Julia Draycon; Martin Halse; Lili Yang; Tim Ryley. 2017. "City-scale accessibility of emergency responders operating during flood events." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 1: 1-16.

Article
Published: 16 November 2016 in Water Resources Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this paper, we describe a new method of modeling coastal inundation arising from storm surge by coupling a widely used storm surge model (ADCIRC) and an urban flood inundation model (FloodMap). This is the first time the coupling of such models is implemented and tested using real events. The method offers a flexible and efficient procedure for applying detailed ADCIRC storm surge modeling results along the coastal boundary (with typical resolution of ∼100 m) to FloodMap for fine resolution inundation modeling (70 m). In further testing, we explored the effects of mesh resolution and roughness specification. Results agree with previous studies that fine resolution is essential for capturing intricate flow paths and connectivity in urban topography. While the specification of roughness is more challenging for urban environments, it may be empirically optimized. The successful coupling of ADCIRC and FloodMap models for fine resolution coastal inundation modeling unlocks the potential for undertaking large numbers of probabilistically based synthetic surge events for street-level risk analysis.

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Ning Lin; Dapeng Yu. Coupled modeling of storm surge and coastal inundation: A case study in New York City during Hurricane Sandy. Water Resources Research 2016, 52, 8685 -8699.

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Ning Lin, Dapeng Yu. Coupled modeling of storm surge and coastal inundation: A case study in New York City during Hurricane Sandy. Water Resources Research. 2016; 52 (11):8685-8699.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Ning Lin; Dapeng Yu. 2016. "Coupled modeling of storm surge and coastal inundation: A case study in New York City during Hurricane Sandy." Water Resources Research 52, no. 11: 8685-8699.

Preprint content
Published: 28 September 2016
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Daniel Green; Dapeng Yu; Ian Pattison; Robert Wilby; Lee Bosher; Ramila Patel; Philip Thompson; Keith Trowell; Julia Draycon; Martin Halse; Lili Yang; Tim Ryley. Supplementary material to "Flood Impacts on Emergency Responders Operating at a City-Scale". 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Daniel Green, Dapeng Yu, Ian Pattison, Robert Wilby, Lee Bosher, Ramila Patel, Philip Thompson, Keith Trowell, Julia Draycon, Martin Halse, Lili Yang, Tim Ryley. Supplementary material to "Flood Impacts on Emergency Responders Operating at a City-Scale". . 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Green; Dapeng Yu; Ian Pattison; Robert Wilby; Lee Bosher; Ramila Patel; Philip Thompson; Keith Trowell; Julia Draycon; Martin Halse; Lili Yang; Tim Ryley. 2016. "Supplementary material to "Flood Impacts on Emergency Responders Operating at a City-Scale"." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 28 September 2016
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Emergency responders often have to operate and respond to emergency situations during dynamic weather conditions, including floods. This paper demonstrates a novel method using existing tools and datasets to evaluate emergency responder accessibility during flood events within the City of Leicester, UK. Accessibility was quantified using the 8- and 10-minute legislative targets for emergency provision for the Ambulance and Fire & Rescue services respectively under "normal", no flood conditions, as well as flood scenarios of various magnitudes (namely the 1 in 20 year-, 1 in 100-year and 1 in 1,000-year recurrence intervals), with both surface water and fluvial flood conditions considered. Flood restrictions were processed based on previous hydrodynamic inundation modelling undertaken and inputted into a Network Analysis framework as restrictions for surface water and fluvial flood events. Surface water flooding was shown to cause more disruption to emergency responders operating within the city due to its widespread and spatially distributed footprint when compared to fluvial flood events of comparable magnitude. Fire & Rescue 10-minute accessibility was shown to decrease from 100 %, 66.5 %, 39.8 % and 26.2 % under the no flood, 1 in 20-year, 1 in 100-year and 1 in 1,000-year surface water flood scenarios respectively. Furthermore, total inaccessibility was shown to increase with flood magnitude, increasing from 6.0 % to 31.0 % under the 1 in 20-year and 1 in 100-year surface water flooding scenarios respectively. Further, the evolution of emergency service accessibility through a surface water flood event is outlined, demonstrating the rapid onset of impacts on emergency service accessibility within the first 15-minutes of the surface water flood event, with a reduction in service coverage and overlap being witnessed for the Ambulance service under a 1 in 100-year flood event. The study provides evidence to guide strategic planning for decision makers prior to and during emergency response to flood events at the city-scale and provides a readily transferable method to explore the impacts of natural hazards or disruptions on additional cities or regions based on historic, scenario-based events or real-time forecasting if such data is available.

ACS Style

Daniel Green; Dapeng Yu; Ian Pattison; Robert L. Wilby; Lee S. Bosher; Ramila Patel; Philip Thompson; Keith Trowell; Julia Draycon; Martin Halse; Lili Yang; Tim Ryley. Flood Impacts on Emergency Responders Operating at a City-Scale. 2016, 2016, 1 -30.

AMA Style

Daniel Green, Dapeng Yu, Ian Pattison, Robert L. Wilby, Lee S. Bosher, Ramila Patel, Philip Thompson, Keith Trowell, Julia Draycon, Martin Halse, Lili Yang, Tim Ryley. Flood Impacts on Emergency Responders Operating at a City-Scale. . 2016; 2016 ():1-30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Green; Dapeng Yu; Ian Pattison; Robert L. Wilby; Lee S. Bosher; Ramila Patel; Philip Thompson; Keith Trowell; Julia Draycon; Martin Halse; Lili Yang; Tim Ryley. 2016. "Flood Impacts on Emergency Responders Operating at a City-Scale." 2016, no. : 1-30.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Journal of Hydrology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Urban pluvial flood are attracting growing public concern due to rising intense precipitation and increasing consequences. Accurate risk assessment is critical to an efficient urban pluvial flood management, particularly in transportation sector. This paper describes an integrated methodology, which initially makes use of high resolution 2D inundation modeling and flood depth-dependent measure to evaluate the potential impact and risk of pluvial flash flood on road network in the city center of Shanghai, China. Intensity–Duration–Frequency relationships of Shanghai rainstorm and Chicago Design Storm are combined to generate ensemble rainfall scenarios. A hydrodynamic model (FloodMap-HydroInundation2D) is used to simulate overland flow and flood inundation for each scenario. Furthermore, road impact and risk assessment are respectively conducted by a new proposed algorithm and proxy. Results suggest that the flood response is a function of spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation and local characteristics (i.e. drainage and topography), and pluvial flash flood is found to lead to proportionate but nonlinear impact on intra-urban road inundation risk. The approach tested here would provide more detailed flood information for smart management of urban street network and may be applied to other big cities where road flood risk is evolving in the context of climate change and urbanization.

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Zhane Yin; Min Liu; Qing He. Evaluating the impact and risk of pluvial flash flood on intra-urban road network: A case study in the city center of Shanghai, China. Journal of Hydrology 2016, 537, 138 -145.

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Dapeng Yu, Zhane Yin, Min Liu, Qing He. Evaluating the impact and risk of pluvial flash flood on intra-urban road network: A case study in the city center of Shanghai, China. Journal of Hydrology. 2016; 537 ():138-145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Zhane Yin; Min Liu; Qing He. 2016. "Evaluating the impact and risk of pluvial flash flood on intra-urban road network: A case study in the city center of Shanghai, China." Journal of Hydrology 537, no. : 138-145.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2015 in Landscape and Urban Planning
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Closed accessThis paper describes a novel approach to the evaluation of anthropogenic impacts on flood risks in coastal\ud mega-cities by incorporating three anthropogenic variables (land subsidence, urbanization and flood\ud defence) within a scenario-based framework where numerical modelling was undertaken to quantify the\ud risks. The evolving risks at four time points (1979, 1990, 2000 and 2009) were assessed for the Huangpu\ud River floodplain where the city of Shanghai is located. A 2D hydrodynamic model (FloodMap-Inertial)\ud was used to estimate the flood risks associated with each scenario. Flood events with various return\ud periods (10-, 100- and 1000-year) were designed based on a one in 50 year flood event that occurred in\ud Shanghai on August 1997.\ud Results demonstrate the individual as well as the combined impacts of the three anthropogenic factors\ud on the changing fluvial flood risks in the Huangpu River basin over the last three decades during the\ud city’s transitional economy (1979–2009). Land subsidence and urbanization were found to lead to proportionate\ud but non-linear impact on flood risks due to their complex spatial and temporal interaction. The\ud impacts and their sensitivity are the function of the rate and spatial distribution of each evolving factor.\ud While the pattern of response to individual anthropogenic variables is largely expected, the combined\ud impacts demonstrate greater spatial and temporal variation. Flood defences offer considerable benefits\ud in reducing the total inundated areas in the Huangpu River basin over the periods considered, for all\ud magnitude floods. This, to a large extent, alleviates the adverse impacts arising from land subsidence and\ud urbanization

ACS Style

Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Zhane Yin; Jun Wang; Shiyuan Xu. Modelling the anthropogenic impacts on fluvial flood risks in a coastal mega-city: A scenario-based case study in Shanghai, China. Landscape and Urban Planning 2015, 136, 144 -155.

AMA Style

Jie Yin, Dapeng Yu, Zhane Yin, Jun Wang, Shiyuan Xu. Modelling the anthropogenic impacts on fluvial flood risks in a coastal mega-city: A scenario-based case study in Shanghai, China. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2015; 136 ():144-155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Yin; Dapeng Yu; Zhane Yin; Jun Wang; Shiyuan Xu. 2015. "Modelling the anthropogenic impacts on fluvial flood risks in a coastal mega-city: A scenario-based case study in Shanghai, China." Landscape and Urban Planning 136, no. : 144-155.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2015 in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Flash floods have occurred frequently in the urban areas of southern China. An effective process-oriented urban flood inundation model is urgently needed for urban storm-water and emergency management. This study develops an efficient and flexible cellular automaton (CA) model to simulate storm-water runoff and the flood inundation process during extreme storm events. The process of infiltration, inlets discharge and flow dynamics can be simulated with little preprocessing on commonly available basic urban geographic data. In this model, a set of gravitational diverging rules are implemented to govern the water flow in a rectangular template of three cells by three cells of a raster layer. The model is calibrated by one storm event and validated by another in a small urban catchment in Guangzhou of southern China. The depth of accumulated water at the catchment outlet is interpreted from street-monitoring closed-circuit television (CCTV) videos and verified by on-site survey. A good level of agreement between the simulated process and the reality is reached for both storm events. The model reproduces the changing extent and depth of flooded areas at the catchment outlet with an accuracy of 4 cm in water depth. Comparisons with a physically based 2-D model (FloodMap) show that the model is capable of effectively simulating flow dynamics. The high computational efficiency of the CA model can meet the needs of city emergency management.

ACS Style

L. Liu; Y. Liu; X. Wang; D. Yu; K. Liu; H. Huang; G. Hu. Developing an effective 2-D urban flood inundation model for city emergency management based on cellular automata. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2015, 15, 381 -391.

AMA Style

L. Liu, Y. Liu, X. Wang, D. Yu, K. Liu, H. Huang, G. Hu. Developing an effective 2-D urban flood inundation model for city emergency management based on cellular automata. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 2015; 15 (3):381-391.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Liu; Y. Liu; X. Wang; D. Yu; K. Liu; H. Huang; G. Hu. 2015. "Developing an effective 2-D urban flood inundation model for city emergency management based on cellular automata." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 3: 381-391.