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There is growing transport policy interest in identifying how governmental interventions may affect wellbeing. However, research on transport-wellbeing connections does not extend to monetization of wellbeing benefits, to enable alignment with economic values used in transport cost-benefit analysis. Such monetization could support improved transport policy and project sustainability analysis, involving economic, social and/or environmental trade-offs. This paper estimates separate monetary values for changes in subjective, affective and meaning centred (eudaimonic) wellbeing and examines their association with social exclusion. It also includes associated monetization of trip making, changes in social capital and in sense of community. The monetary values estimated in the paper all increase as household income declines. They support a transport policy and project appraisal focus that extends benefit/cost valuation beyond what is included in traditional transport economic cost-benefit analysis, helping to close a major gap in current appraisal methodology. Understanding the value of improving wellbeing highlights the opportunities to assist those at most risk of mobility-related social exclusion by taking more integrated approaches to transport planning and policy making.
John K. Stanley; David A. Hensher; Janet R. Stanley; Dianne Vella-Brodrick. Valuing changes in wellbeing and its relevance for transport policy. Transport Policy 2021, 110, 16 -27.
AMA StyleJohn K. Stanley, David A. Hensher, Janet R. Stanley, Dianne Vella-Brodrick. Valuing changes in wellbeing and its relevance for transport policy. Transport Policy. 2021; 110 ():16-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn K. Stanley; David A. Hensher; Janet R. Stanley; Dianne Vella-Brodrick. 2021. "Valuing changes in wellbeing and its relevance for transport policy." Transport Policy 110, no. : 16-27.
Appraisal is an important part of the policy cycle. This chapter looks at research priorities for transport appraisal through the lens of the policy cycle, with an emphasis on the initial stages of that cycle: identifying societal goals and associated needs for improving goal achievement, through transport initiatives. This is initially done by exploring some of the key value assumptions that underlie transport appraisal, particularly associated with individual preferences and including application in cost benefit analysis and multi-criteria analysis appraisal. Some challenges for appraisal in the environmental and social goal areas are then highlighted, with important research implications. The chapter also looks at transport and economic performance and notes some significant gaps in understanding of wider economic benefits.
John Stanley. Research priorities in appraisal methodology. Advances in Transport Policy and Planning 2021, 261 -288.
AMA StyleJohn Stanley. Research priorities in appraisal methodology. Advances in Transport Policy and Planning. 2021; ():261-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Stanley. 2021. "Research priorities in appraisal methodology." Advances in Transport Policy and Planning , no. : 261-288.
Growing governmental reluctance to fund local bus services is leading to increased interest in demand responsive transport (DRT). At the same time, the use of technology to facilitate access to DRT is creating circumstances for significant disruption of the way bus services are planned, contracted, delivered and regulated. This disruption creates uncertainty for bus operators but also presents an opportunity for operators to proactively adapt to better meet passenger needs and capture more of the market. This could involve diversifying their businesses, becoming total local transport providers and/or brokers, along Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) type lines, where the passenger is of central importance, rather than the mode of transport. The paper presents a Victorian case study that explores how the bus industry's voluntary professional association is working with its members to augment their capabilities and deliver DRT services, against the background of a changing contractual environment for delivery of services. The provision of a new transport business model, and the technological platform that supports it via their voluntary professional association, will enable bus operators to compete in the growing DRT realm and passenger services levels to improve, also supporting better social and environmental outcomes.
Christopher Lowe; Janet Stanley; John Stanley. Transport industry adapting to change: An Australian case study. Research in Transportation Economics 2020, 83, 100940 .
AMA StyleChristopher Lowe, Janet Stanley, John Stanley. Transport industry adapting to change: An Australian case study. Research in Transportation Economics. 2020; 83 ():100940.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristopher Lowe; Janet Stanley; John Stanley. 2020. "Transport industry adapting to change: An Australian case study." Research in Transportation Economics 83, no. : 100940.
Workshop 7 concluded that the terminology, ‘wider benefits’, tends to reinforce a narrow impact assessment-based approach to transport policy and project evaluation. Participants argued that a preferred approach is to concentrate on identifying (triple bottom line) societal goals and identifying initiatives to achieve those goals, in which case ‘wider benefits’ become core rather than add-ons. This shifts the planning/policy cycle focus to the starting point: need identification and initiative definition, as distinct from narrowly based impact assessment of initiatives conceived elsewhere. Against this background, Workshop papers examined a range of economic and social goals whose achievement can be enhanced, or set back, by transport initiatives, considering issues such as land use transport integration, land value uplift, customer amenity benefits, new technologies, social justice and mobility-related social exclusion, together with ways to identify those at risk of such exclusion and engage them in initiative identification and assessment. Recommendations for policy and research are outlined, together with discussion suggestions for Thredbo 17.
John Stanley; Janet Stanley. Workshop 7 report: Assessing the wider benefits of public transport projects. Research in Transportation Economics 2020, 83, 100914 .
AMA StyleJohn Stanley, Janet Stanley. Workshop 7 report: Assessing the wider benefits of public transport projects. Research in Transportation Economics. 2020; 83 ():100914.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Stanley; Janet Stanley. 2020. "Workshop 7 report: Assessing the wider benefits of public transport projects." Research in Transportation Economics 83, no. : 100914.
Mobility is a fundamental requirement for well-functioning regions and for socially included residents. The paper first examines the role of mobility in promoting social inclusion of regional residents. Discussing the groups of regional people most likely to be at risk of social exclusion, because of poor mobility opportunities, the paper notes pre-school children as a new focus for policy and research attention. It then highlights the importance of trip making and building bridging social capital to reduce the risk of social exclusion in a regional setting, showing that, while regional people at high risk of social exclusion may achieve relatively high trip making (mobility, often via active travel), they may still have problems taking trips that build their bridging social capital. Public transport services can play a supportive role here, with indicative service levels outlined.
John Stanley; Janet Stanley; Camila Balbontin; David Hensher. Social exclusion: The roles of mobility and bridging social capital in regional Australia. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 2019, 125, 223 -233.
AMA StyleJohn Stanley, Janet Stanley, Camila Balbontin, David Hensher. Social exclusion: The roles of mobility and bridging social capital in regional Australia. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 2019; 125 ():223-233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Stanley; Janet Stanley; Camila Balbontin; David Hensher. 2019. "Social exclusion: The roles of mobility and bridging social capital in regional Australia." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 125, no. : 223-233.
This paper synthesizes evidence from Workshop 5 ‘Bridging the benefit/funding gap’ of the 15th International Conference on Competition and Ownership in Land Passenger Transport. This workshop focused on identifying and categorizing the benefits and costs of public transport service provision, with a particular focus on external benefits and costs. Examples were drawn from a range of service settings, with network effects and social inclusion each seen as potentially very important public transport service benefits. This led to discussion of proposals for funding public transport services and infrastructure in ways that better align benefit/cost incidence with funding flows. Road pricing and value capture associated with public transport infrastructure and services were seen as major funding opportunities. A major Workshop conclusion was that, taking account of the potential scale of public transport beneficial externalities and the value of (user) social inclusion benefits from public transport services, cost recovery rates for urban PT of well under 50% should commonly be expected, for welfare maximization, with rural fare cost-recovery rates lower than urban.
John Stanley; Anders Ljungberg. Workshop 5 report: Bridging the benefit / funding gap. Research in Transportation Economics 2018, 69, 438 -444.
AMA StyleJohn Stanley, Anders Ljungberg. Workshop 5 report: Bridging the benefit / funding gap. Research in Transportation Economics. 2018; 69 ():438-444.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Stanley; Anders Ljungberg. 2018. "Workshop 5 report: Bridging the benefit / funding gap." Research in Transportation Economics 69, no. : 438-444.
This article seeks to identify areas of relative transport disadvantage within an archipelagic region of the Philippines, so its people can be privileged through the provision of faster inter-island journeys to support social inclusion. It assesses the constraints that limit travel between cities and townships by undertaking a small travel behavior survey and trip generation/distribution model across four population centres, to observe how physical isolation from larger centres of social confluence can be reflected by lower trip volumes and associated increases in risks of social exclusion. The article’s methodology makes use of limited information to identify where reductions in inter-island travel time can be proposed for people living in areas of greater relative transport, social and economic disadvantage, so that individual economic and personal travel opportunities can be made more accessible, reducing exclusion risks and promoting well-being.
David Cao; John Stanley; Janet Stanley. Indicators of Socio-Spatial Transport Disadvantage for Inter-Island Transport Planning in Rural Philippine Communities. Social Inclusion 2017, 5, 116 -131.
AMA StyleDavid Cao, John Stanley, Janet Stanley. Indicators of Socio-Spatial Transport Disadvantage for Inter-Island Transport Planning in Rural Philippine Communities. Social Inclusion. 2017; 5 (4):116-131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Cao; John Stanley; Janet Stanley. 2017. "Indicators of Socio-Spatial Transport Disadvantage for Inter-Island Transport Planning in Rural Philippine Communities." Social Inclusion 5, no. 4: 116-131.
Within a triple bottom line approach to travel, the social goal area is perhaps least understood. A number of key concepts are explored that are central to understanding the social contribution of travel, with a focus on links to social inclusion and wellbeing. Measurement of relevant concepts is explained and relationships are established between mobility, household income, social capital, sense of community, and risk of social exclusion. This is shown to be related to wellbeing. The analysis enables estimation of the value of increased travel, as it contributes to social inclusion and improved wellbeing. Those at most risk of social exclusion are shown to be in particular need of higher levels of social interaction for which travel is central. Policy implications of the findings are presented, including the importance of extending travel choice and linking to emerging thinking about accessibility planning.
John Stanley; Janet Stanley. Social Exclusion and Travel. Handbook of Sustainable Travel 2013, 165 -184.
AMA StyleJohn Stanley, Janet Stanley. Social Exclusion and Travel. Handbook of Sustainable Travel. 2013; ():165-184.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Stanley; Janet Stanley. 2013. "Social Exclusion and Travel." Handbook of Sustainable Travel , no. : 165-184.
Workshop 3A focussed on matters of institutional design that seem likely to improve public transport outcomes. It started by defining high level outcome goals, as measures of ultimate public transport success, and then identified the major societal issues that public transport systems can help to resolve. These issues were separately defined for Southern African and western settings. The importance of taking an integrated approach to transport, particularly land use/transport integration, was seen as fundamental to goal achievement. Workshop papers provided many and varied examples of this importance, ranging from PPPs for major public transport projects to system design issues and contracting out of services. The Workshop included detailed discussion on paratransit development in Southern Africa, where relationship management is proving to be critical, in-line with much previous Thredbo discussion about the important role of trusting partnerships. Parallels and contrasts were drawn with paratransit in western settings. Competition in passenger rail was also a focus, with some questioning of the benefits of franchising. Discussion concluded by proposing recommendations for policy and research and suggesting agenda items for future Thredbo Conferences.
John Stanley; Andrew Smith. Workshop 3A: Governance, contracting, ownership and competition issues in public transport: Looking up not down. Research in Transportation Economics 2013, 39, 167 -174.
AMA StyleJohn Stanley, Andrew Smith. Workshop 3A: Governance, contracting, ownership and competition issues in public transport: Looking up not down. Research in Transportation Economics. 2013; 39 (1):167-174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Stanley; Andrew Smith. 2013. "Workshop 3A: Governance, contracting, ownership and competition issues in public transport: Looking up not down." Research in Transportation Economics 39, no. 1: 167-174.