The topic focuses on current solutions of interspaces in the renovation and modernization of residential buildings, the design of which is conditioned by the principles of sustainable development and construction. It concerns the integration of closed interspaces in renovated buildings from the 1950s to the 1980s. One example is the frequent glazing of loggias/balconies in original panel construction. The form of glazing of loggias and balconies is not regulated and is chosen by the apartment owners. For these reasons, the integration of interspaces in renovated buildings should be supported by research that will bring new insights about their effect on assessments of the energy performance of residential buildings and their effect on the architectural expression of facades. The paper compares alternatives for the integration of interspaces with an emphasis on the efferc of their orientation. The research should serve to help regulate the glazing of loggias in residential panel buildings.

The paper addresses the development of a methodology for the restoration of small architecture in historical public spaces protected as monuments. The methodology is demonstrated using the example of an important historical garden, the National Cultural Monument (Koch's Garden). Koch's Garden, which this paper uses to showcase various restoration approaches for small architecture, was established in the 1930s as part of the sanatorium of MUDr. Karol Koch. The sanatorium and its accompanying garden were designed by architects Dušan Jurkovič, Jindřich Merganc, and Otmar Klimeš. The garden, situated on sloping terrain, features a system of terraces connected by walkways, exotic plantings, sculptures, and numerous small architectural elements. The primary goals of the garden's restoration design were to preserve and restore the original features while emphasizing the authenticity and unique character (genius loci) of the place. The small architecture includes a tourist information centre, a swimming pool, and sunbeds. The pool, integral to the garden's original architectural concept, is preserved as a significant central element. Given its status as a typical example of this type of garden, the focus of the contribution is on the pool. The methodology evaluates pool renovation solutions based on five key parameters: authenticity, function, attractiveness, investment, and operation. Using this methodology, five alternatives were identified: 1. an empty pool with a railing, 2. a pool with pool water, 3. a pool with lake water and aquatic flora, 4. a pool with a water film and a gallery below it, 5. a pool with a reflecting surface as part of an amphitheatre, with storage for garden tools. In addition to diagram-based evaluations, these alternatives were assessed by the general and expert public, incorporating a social parameter into the evaluation. The result is a comprehensive evaluation system that can be applied to other types of small architecture in historical public spaces.

The contribution follows on from two previous researches, which dealt with the influence of the orientation of the construction of catalogue family houses from the point of view of CO2 production during their operation. The previous research was focused on family houses (orientation of windows on all sides of the world) and terraced buildings (orientation of windows on two opposite sides of the world). The contribution in question is focused on family houses on a slope with one-sided orientation of the windows, which is the final phase of the research. The main reason for the overall research is the fact that developers are currently trying to realize the same type of family houses (catalogue houses) regardless of which side of the world the exposed glazed areas of the house are oriented. For this reason, the approval and energy certification often do not reach A0, which is a mandatory requirement of the energy assessment of buildings from 1 January 2021. The environmental impact research compares four basic types of streets with ten identical houses. The environmental impact research compares four types of basic streets with ten identical houses. if it is a comparison of the environmental impact of the same development of family houses on a slope, with different orientations to the cardinal points and with different local houses within the streets. The benefit of the research for practice will be the formulation of principles for the orientation of transparent areas in residential construction and the formulation of urban planning principles for the siting of houses in settlements on sloping terrain, where it is possible to place windows only on the front facade.