Bovine enterovirus (BEV) is a pathogen that causes intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive disease infections in cattle. This study reports on the widespread prevalence and biological characteristics of the different BEV types which currently exist in Guangxi Province, China. It also provides a reference for the study of the prevalence of BEV in China.

Astroviruses are single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses capable of infecting humans as well as a wide range of mammalian and avian species, with a length of approximately 6.6–7.7 kb. In this study, 139 goat fecal samples collected from the Guangxi province were used for the RT-PCR detection, and two of these were positive for goat astrovirus, with a positivity rate of 1.44% (2/139). The complete genome sequence of an astrovirus strain and the partial genome sequence of a strain astrovirus, named GX WZ 2023 and GX HC 2023, were amplified and sequenced, and their sequence lengths were 6284 nt and 6213 nt, respectively. Among them, the capsid protein of goat astrovirus GX HC 2023 showed the highest amino acid identity of 95.9% with ovine astrovirus GX, which belonged to the MAstV-2 genotype. However, the closest relative of the GX WZ 2023 strain was found to be the caprine astrovirus Sichuan, with a nucleotide sequence identity of 76.8%. The ORF1ab nonstructural protein of this strain showed the highest amino acid identities of 89.2 and 95.8% with the ovine astrovirus S5.1 and caprine astrovirus G5.1 strains, respectively. However, its ORF2 capsid protein has 68.4% amino acid identity with the bovine astrovirus (BAstV) 16 2021 CHN strain and only 21.9–64% amino acid identity with all available strains of goat astrovirus. The GX WZ 2023 strain was recombined with the Chinese (BAstV 16 2021 CHN) and Japanese bovine strains (BAstV JPN 2015) in the ORF2 region. Therefore, the goat astrovirus GX WZ 2023 is proposed as a new member of the family goat astroviridae based on the species classification criteria of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. These findings enhance our understanding of the prevalence and genetic evolution of goat astrovirus and provide a scientific basis for future studies of these viruses in other animals.

The global epidemic of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) has caused enormous economic losses. The characterisation and genetic composition of endemic strains in Southwest China remain elusive. This study aimed to fill this gap by isolating three BCoV strains from this region and sequencing their whole genomes. To elucidate the genetic evolution and characterisation of the prevalent strains, the results of BCoV sequences were compared in GenBank, with a focus on genetic evolution, mutation, and recombination patterns. The results showed close homology between strains NN190313 and NN230328, while strain NN221214 showed less similarity to these two strains but clustered with the French strain of the European branch. Intriguingly, NN190313 and NN230328 were grouped with goat-derived BCoV strains from Jiangsu Province in Eastern China in the Asian–American branch. In addition, recombination analyses revealed significant signals between NN230328 and either a Chinese goat-derived strain (XJCJ2301G) or a Shandong strain (ShX310). This study highlights the importance of monitoring cross-species transmission between cattle and goats, especially in the mountainous areas of Southwest China where mixed farming occurs, and thus, the monitoring of cross-species transmission between cattle and goats is important for preventing new public health challenges, providing important insights for research on cross-species transmission, early prevention, and control measures, with potential applications in vaccine development.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate several pathway intermediates and affect the skeletal muscle development in mice, pigs, sheep, and cattle. However, to date, only a small number of miRNAs have been reported in the muscle development of goats. In this report, the longissimus dorsi transcripts of one- and ten-month-old goats were analyzed by sequencing RNAs and miRNAs. The results showed that the ten-month-old Longlin goats had 327 up- and 419 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared with the one-month-old. In addition, 20 co-up-regulated and 55 co-down-regulated miRNAs involved in the muscle fiber hypertrophy of goats were identified in ten-month-old Longlin and Nubian goats compared with one-month-old. Five miRNA–mRNA pairs (chi-let-7b-3p-MIRLET7A, chi-miR193b-3p-MMP14, chi-miR-355-5p-DGAT2, novel_128-LOC102178119, novel_140-SOD3) involved in the goat skeletal muscle development were identified by miRNA–mRNA negative correlation network analysis. Our results provided new insight into the functional roles of goat muscle-associated miRNAs, allowing a deeper understanding of the transformation of miRNA roles during mammalian muscle development.

Bovine enteroviruses are widely detected in cattle, but molecular tools for functional studies and antiviral screening remain limited. In this study, a bov