Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder in Chinese population, which affects more than 1,3 billion individuals. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no available Chinese-language version of measurements of shoulder pain and disability so far. Moreover, the Constant-Murley score (CMS) questionnaire is a universally recognized patient-reported questionnaire for clinical practice and research. The present study was designed to evaluate a Chinese translational version of CMS and subsequently assess its reliability and validity. The Chinese translational version of CMS was formulated by means of forward-backward translation. Meanwhile, a final review was carried out by an expert committee, followed by conducting a test of the pre-final version. Therefore, the reliability and validity of the Chinese translational version of CMS could be assessed using the internal consistency, construct validity, factor analysis, reliability and floor and ceiling effects. Specifically, the reliability was assessed by testing the internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) and test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficient correlation [ICC]), while the construct validity was evaluated via comparison between the Chinese translational version of CMS with visual analog scale (VAS) score and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36, Spearman correlation). The questionnaire was verified to be acceptable after distribution among 120 subjects with unilateral shoulder pain. Factor analysis had revealed a two-factor and 10-item solution. Moreover, the assessment results indicated that the Chinese translational version of CMS questionnaire harbored good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.739) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.827). In addition, the Chinese translational version of CMS was moderately correlated with VAS score (r = 0.497) and SF-36 (r = 0.135). No obvious floor and ceiling effects were observed in the Chinese translational version of CMS questionnaire. Chinese translational version of CMS exhibited good reliability, which is relatively acceptable and is likely to be widely used in this population.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a particularly aggressive and highly malignant neoplasm, characterized by its unfavorable prognosis and restricted treatment alternatives. The present study aimed to use bioinformatics methodologies to assess transcriptomic data sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus to pinpoint biomarkers associated with manganese metabolism that may forecast outcomes in PDAC. Utilizing differential expression analysis, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and multivariable Cox regression, 12 essential genes were identified that demonstrate notable associations with the prognosis of PDAC (Natriuretic Peptide A, Kynureninase, Integrin Subunit β6, Cytochrome P450 Family 27 Subfamily A Member 1, C‑X‑C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10, Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit Bβ, MET Proto‑Oncogene Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3, Keratin 19, ATPase Na⁺/K⁺ Transporting Subunit α3, Pyridoxal Phosphatase and Interleukin 1 Receptor Accessory Protein Like 2). The validation of these genes was performing using both a training cohort and external datasets (GSE62452 and GSE28735), demonstrating the robustness of the model with area under the curve values of 0.82 and 0.83 in the training set and the external validation cohort, respectively. The results of the present study further elucidated the molecular processes underlying PDAC and highlight the crucial importance of manganese metabolism in its development. These biomarkers may provide significant prognostic insights and facilitate the advancement of targeted therapeutic strategies for PDAC.

Background: Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) is the most common cause of shoulder disorders. In China, manipulation has been used extensively for the treatment of patients with RCRSP. However, high-quality clinical evidence to support the therapeutic effect of manipulation is still limited. Methods: A multicenter, participant-, outcome assessor-, and data analyst-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial will be conducted. A total of 280 participants with RCRSP will be recruited from three hospitals and randomly assigned to a five-step shoulder manipulation (FSM) group or a sham manipulation (SM) group. Each group will receive four weekly treatment sessions, with all participants performing exercises at home for 12 weeks. Assessments, namely the Constant–Murley score, visual analog scale, range of motion, and 36-Item Short Form Survey, will be made at baseline, 4, 12, 18, and 24 weeks. Adverse events during the study will also be recorded. Discussion: This is a pragmatic clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FSM in patients with RCRSP. The findings of this study will provide worthy clinical evidence for manual therapy for RCRSP. Trial registration: China Registered Clinical Trial Registration Center ChiCTR2000037577. Registered on 29 August 2020.