The level of stigmatisation among health care providers has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and understanding the effect of COVID-19 stigmatisation on job performance has become increasingly important. The study explores the influence of COVID-19 stigmatisation on job performance among frontline health workers via the mediating role of anxiety. Furthermore, the moderating effect of resilience in the association between COVID-19 stigmatisation and anxiety is further examined. Participants were made up of 820 frontline health workers working in the epicentres of the Bono Ahafo, Western, Greater Accra, and Northern regions of Ghana. The hierarchical regression technique was employed in estimating the relationship between the variables. COVID-19 stigmatisation among frontline health workers directly affected anxiety and performance. In addition, the results showed that resilience moderated the relationship between COVID-19 stigmatisation and anxiety. The findings again demonstrated that anxiety partially mediated the association between concern for disclosure and public attitude and negative experience and job performance, whereas personalised stigma was insignificant. The study provides implications for establishing anti-stigma interventions and programs to enhance job performance among health workers.

The progress of healthcare expenses is a striking issue for emerging nations. This is because an uncontrolled increase in healthcare expenses can push the nations to extreme poverty. The study examined the association between public health costs and macro-economic indicators within the emerging economies. Data for the study is extracted from the World Bank World Development Indicators for twenty-one (21) emerging countries spanning from 2000 to 2018. The generalized method of moments (GMM) and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test are employed in the analysis of the study. The main findings of the study demonstrate that tax revenue and labor force participation increase public health expenses and inflation, on the other hand, showed a declining relationship. The study further reveals a u-shaped association between public health expenditure and economic growth. The interactive term between research and development and mortality rate of non-communicable diseases, reveal an increasing relationship. The study establishes that, among all the three models estimated, tax revenue, labor force participation and GDP per capita have positive effects on public health costs. Based on the findings, the study recommends governments to embark on policies that improve economic growth and tax revenue as well as stabilizing inflation. These strategic policies could boost public healthcare expenditure since it has a strong association with macroeconomic indicators.

This study examined the impact of dynamic capacities on the performance of food and beverage enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria. The following sub-variables (strategic decision-making capacity, product innovation capacity, strategic flexibility, competitive intensity, technological turbulence, and technological capability) were employed to represent the variable of dynamic capacity. Also, the following sub-variables (sales growth, enterprise survival, enterprise efficiency, and competitive advantage) were employed to represent the variable of enterprise performance. Primary data was used to achieve descriptive and inferential statistics, and the statistics is estimated by the PLS-SEM method which was calibrated on Lisrel 8.70 software. This study found that product innovation, competitive intensity and technological turbulence, technological capability and competitive intensity, and strategic flexibility are critical sub-variables in determining the robustness of dynamic capacities, as they adequately improve increasing sales growth, survival, and sustenance of enterprise into the unforeseeable future, efficiency of enterprise, and competitive advantage of food and beverage manufacturing enterprises, respectively, particularly in this trying period that is evidenced with technological change and competition, among others.

Objective: This study examined the role of perceived discrimination as a mediator between cultural identity and mental health symptoms among adults from racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States.Methods: Data were gathered from the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 6, a nationally representative survey. The mediating role of perceived discrimination was investigated using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis.Results: The study found significant associations between demographic and lifestyle factors and mental health symptoms. Non-Hispanic Blacks or African Americans and Hispanics were less likely than Non-Hispanic Whites to have mental health symptoms. Individuals between the ages of 35 and 49, 50 to 64, 65 to 74, and 75 and older had lower odds of mental health symptoms. Gender differences revealed that females had a higher risk of mental health issues than males. Socioeconomic factors, such as household income and employment status, played a significant role, with higher household income and employment status being associated with a decreased likelihood of mental health symptoms. The study emphasizes the role of perceived discrimination as a mediator, suggesting that it fully mediated the association between cultural identity and mental health symptoms. These findings highlight the significance of addressing discrimination experiences in fostering the mental health of adults from diverse backgrounds.Conclusion: The findings highlight the need to take racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequities, as well as cultural identity and prejudice, into account in mental health research and interventions. The identified risk and protective factors can guide interventions and policies to enhance this population’s mental health.

Background: Declining birth rates have become a challenge for many countries around the world. This study aimed to analyze the influencing factors of the sustainable development of the maternity insurance system and find ways to promote higher birth rates. Methods: We used four multi-stakeholder workshops and in-depth interviews to bring together three groups of people: maternity insurance system developers, implementers, and researchers. Then, we analyzed the factors influencing the sustainability of the maternity insurance system using grounded theory. Results: In this study, the most powerful and effective intervention measures for China in the short term include the policy of merging national health insurance with maternity insurance and a dynamic payment rate policy. In the long term, expanding the coverage of the maternity insurance system and improving the management level of the maternity insurance fund are effective intervention measures. Conclusion: This study subdivides the factors influencing the sustainable development of the maternity insurance system, which has certain theoretical significance and can be used as the theoretical basis for quantitative and empirical research model construction in the future.

Objective: This study explores the impact of race and employment status on self-rated health among older adults in South Africa. It reveals new insights by examining the mediating role of generalized anxiety. The findings highlight the importance of addressing these factors to improve the wellbeing of older adults.Methods: Drawing from Wave 5 of the National Income Dynamics Study—Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey, a cross-sectional survey encompassing a nationally representative cohort of South African adults, this research employs a sophisticated blend of logistic regression and structural equation modeling techniques.Results: The study reveals that race is strongly linked to self-rated health. Individuals of Colored and White backgrounds have lower odds of favorable self-rated health. Retirement has a positive impact on self-rated health. Generalized anxiety mediates the complex relationship between race and self-rated health.Conclusions: Addressing the imperative need to mitigate racial disparities in self-rated health and advance equitable healthcare access for older adults, targeted interventions are undeniably warranted.