Resumo Objetivo Verificar se o medo de cair é fator de risco em pessoas idosas que vivem na comunidade. Métodos Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com metanálise baseada na Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses. Utilizou-se a estratégia de busca PECOS: Paciente - pessoa idosa com 60 anos, ou mais, que vive em comunidade com história pregressa de quedas; Exposição- medo de cair, Comparação -grupo sem medo de cair, o “Outcome” - o desfecho queda e o “Studies”- foram incluídos os estudos observacionais comparativos. As buscas foram realizadas em maio de 2018 nos seguintes bancos de dados eletrônicos CINAHL, Medline, Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, PsycINFO e PEDro, por meio dos seguinte descritores: “aged”, “elderly”, older adults, fear, fear of falling, accidental falls, fall, fallls. Foram também realizadas buscas de referências cruzadas e literatura cinzenta. Dois revisores realizaram a identificação, seleção, elegibilidade e inclusão dos estudos de maneira independente. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foram efetuada pela aplicação do instrumento STROBE. Para a metanálise, utilizou-se o Programa ReviewMananger 5.3®. Resultados De 4.891 publicações, cinco estudos possibilitaram a metanálise com 3.112 idosos. Evidenciou-se uma chance de queda de 12,15 vezes maior para o grupo de idosos com medo de cair. Conclusão O medo de cair foi identificado como fator de risco de queda na população idosa que vive na comunidade e que possui história pregressa de queda, torna-se necessário a investigação pelos profissionais da ara da saúde afim de estabelecer medidas preventivas.

Infection is the leading cause of morbidity and the second leading cause of mortality in patients on renal replacement therapy. The rates of bloodstream infection in hemodialysis patients vary according to the type of venous access used. Gram-positive bacteria are most frequently isolated in blood cultures of hemodialysis patients. This study evaluated risk factors for the development of bloodstream infections in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Risk factors associated with bloodstream infections in patients on hemodialysis were investigated using a case–control study conducted between January 2010 and June 2013. Chronic renal disease patients on hemodialysis who presented with positive blood cultures during the study were considered as cases. Controls were hemodialysis patients from the same institution who did not present with positive blood cultures during the study period. Data were collected from medical records. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. There were 162 patients included in the study (81 cases and 81 controls). Gram-positive bacteria were isolated with the highest frequency (72%). In initial logistic regression analysis, variables were hypertension, peritoneal dialysis with previous treatment, type and time of current venous access, type of previous venous access, previous use of antimicrobials, and previous hospitalization related to bloodstream infections. Multiple regression analysis showed that the patients who had a central venous catheter had an 11.2-fold (CI 95%: 5.17–24.29) increased chance of developing bloodstream infections compared with patients who had an arteriovenous fistula for vascular access. Previous hospitalization increased the chance of developing bloodstream infections 6.6-fold (CI 95%: 1.9–23.09). Infection prevention measures for bloodstream infections related to central venous catheter use should be intensified, as well as judicious use of this route for vascular access for hemodialysis. Reducing exposure to the hospital environment through admission could contribute to a reduction in bloodstream infections in this population.

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as evidências científicas sobre o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na atenção e no controle da tuberculose. Métodos Revisão de escopo realizada em junho de 2020 nas seguintes bases de dados: Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cinahl e Scopus; e literatura cinzenta-Opengrey. Os descritores utilizados na busca foram: coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 e tuberculosis. O processo de seleção foi feito por dois revisores independentes por meio da plataforma Rayyan, com a inclusão de 30 [...] Resumo Objetivo Identificar as evidências científicas sobre o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na atenção e no controle da tuberculose. Métodos Revisão de escopo realizada em junho de 2020 nas seguintes bases de dados: Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cinahl e Scopus; e literatura cinzenta-Opengrey. Os descritores utilizados na busca foram: coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 e tuberculosis. O processo de seleção foi feito por dois revisores independentes por meio da plataforma Rayyan, com a inclusão de 30

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a global initiative launched by the United Nations (UN) in September 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, whose objectives summarize a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the environment and ensure that all people have access to opportunities and well-being, all in an equitable and sustainable way(¹ 1 United Nations (UN). Department of Economic and Social Affairs. The 17 Goals [Internet]. 2022[cited 2023 Oct 10]. Available from: https://sdgs.un.org/goals https://sdgs.un.org/goals... -² 2 Katila P, Colfer CJP, Jong W, Galloway G, Pacheco P, Winkel G. Sustainable Development Goals: their impacts on forests and people. Cambridge: University Press; 2020. ). The 17 interconnected goals and 169 specific targets covering a wide range of social, economic and environmental issues were developed in pursuit of overcoming the most pressing challenges facing the world, including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, sanitation, affordable energy, economic growth, decent work, reduced inequalities, sustainable cities, climate action, life in water, life on land, peace, justice, among others(² 2 Katila P, Colfer CJP, Jong W, Galloway G, Pacheco P, Winkel G. Sustainable Development Goals: their impacts on forests and people. Cambridge: University Press; 2020. ).

Objective: to identify studies about strategies for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia deployed in health services and classify their level of evidence. Method: integrative review of the literature, in 7 databases, which included the following descriptors: Prevention and Control AND Pneumonia Ventilator-Associated AND Intensive Care Units AND Bundle AND Patient Care. Results: twenty-three scientific productions were included. Of the preventive measures identified, 9 (39.1%) correspond from three to five strategies. The most frequent were: 22 (95.6%) lying with head elevated, 19 (82.6%) oral hygiene with chlorhexidine and 14 (60.8%) reduction of sedation whenever possible. Final Consideration: the application of measures based on scientific evidence is proven to be effective when carried out in conjunction, impacting the reduction of the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

OBJECTIVE: This study's objective was to analyze the effectiveness of educational and support programs for caregivers on reducing their burden. METHOD: The method used was a systematic review. The following were searched; MEDLINE, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, SciELO and CINAHL. RESULTS: Seven randomized clinical studies were included. These studies compared an educational program with standard care delivery, assessing the burden of caregivers through the Zarit Burden Interview. After the analysis of sensitivity, four studies were grouped in the meta-analysis showing a statistically significant reduction in caregiver burden among the participants of educational and support programs. CONCLUSION: The evidence obtained in this study suggests that educational and support programs have a positive impact on the reduction of caregiver burden when compared to standard care. Therefore, the inclusion of these programs in institutions providing care to the elderly is effective and should be encouraged. These programs should also share non-pharmacological management strategies for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.