The chemistry of heterocyclic compounds has traditionally been and remains a bright area of chemical science in Russia. This is due to the fact that many heterocycles find the widest application. These compounds are the key structural fragments of most drugs, plant protection agents. Many natural compounds are also derivatives of heterocycles. At present, more than half of the hundreds of millions of known chemical compounds are heterocycles. This collective review is devoted to the achievements of Russian chemists in this field over the last 15–20 years. The review presents the achievements of leading heterocyclists representing both RAS institutes and university science. It is worth noting the wide scope of the review, both in terms of the geography of author teams, covering the whole of our large country, and in terms of the diversity of research areas. Practically all major types of heterocycles are represented in the review. The special attention is focused on the practical applications of heterocycles in the design of new drugs and biologically active compounds, high-energy molecules, materials for organic electronics and photovoltaics, new ligands for coordination chemistry, and many other rapidly developing areas. These practical advances would not be possible without the development of new fundamental transformations in heterocyclic chemistry. Bibliography — 2237 references.

The review describes all the quinoxaline-benzimidazole rearrangements as a whole and the new quinoxalinone-benzimidazol(on)e rearrangements in particular when exposed to nucleophilic rearrangements which can be used for the synthesis of various biheterocyclic motifs.

This review systematically summarizes recent literature data on the chemistry of epoxides published from 2010 to 2021 and, in part, in 2022. Epoxides are an important class of compounds, which are valuable building blocks in the design of new structures serving as the basis for many practically important compounds. Epoxy derivatives have long attracted the attention of synthetic chemists, as confirmed by a number of name reactions associated with their synthesis. The review describes methods for the synthesis of epoxy compounds, including both improved classical and new approaches, considers chemical reactions involving epoxides, discusses the practical significance of such compounds in relation to the synthesis of natural products, drugs and polymer structures and the CO and CO2 utilization. Much attention is paid to the issues of asymmetric synthesis, which enable one to get a general idea on the current trends in the chemistry of epoxides. The most unexpected rearrangements of functionalized epoxides are considered and the role of epoxy compounds in the synthesis of various carbo- and heterocyclic systems is discussed. The bibliography includes 555 references.