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Colletotrichum is a fungal genus (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Glomerellaceae) that includes many economically important plant pathogens that cause devastating diseases of a wide range of plants. In this work, using a combination of long and short-read sequencing technologies, we sequenced the genome of Colletotrichum lupini RB221, isolated from white lupin (Lupinus albus) in France during a survey in 2014. The genome was assembled into eleven nuclear chromosomes and a mitochondrial genome with a total assembly size of 63.41Mb and 36.55 Kb, respectively. A total of 18324 protein encoding genes have been predicted, of which only 39 are specific to C. lupini. To the best of our knowledge this is the first genome of this species to be fully sequenced and to get publicly released. This resource will provide insight into pathogenicity factors and will help to get a better understanding of the evolution and genome structure of this important plant pathogen.
Riccardo Baroncelli; Flora Pensec; Daniele Da Lio; Thaís Regina Boufleur; Isabel Vicente; Sabrina Sarrocco; Adeline Picot; Elena Baraldi; Serenella Sukno; Michael R. Thon; Gaetan Le Floch. Complete Genome Sequence of the plant pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lupini. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleRiccardo Baroncelli, Flora Pensec, Daniele Da Lio, Thaís Regina Boufleur, Isabel Vicente, Sabrina Sarrocco, Adeline Picot, Elena Baraldi, Serenella Sukno, Michael R. Thon, Gaetan Le Floch. Complete Genome Sequence of the plant pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lupini. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Baroncelli; Flora Pensec; Daniele Da Lio; Thaís Regina Boufleur; Isabel Vicente; Sabrina Sarrocco; Adeline Picot; Elena Baraldi; Serenella Sukno; Michael R. Thon; Gaetan Le Floch. 2021. "Complete Genome Sequence of the plant pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lupini." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® , no. : 1.
Trichoderma gamsii T6085 has been investigated for many years as a beneficial isolate for use in the biocontrol of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat caused primarily by Fusarium graminearum. Previous work focused on application of T6085 to wheat spikes at anthesis, whereas application to soil before or at sowing has received limited attention. In the present study, the competitive ability of T6085 on plant residues against F. graminearum was investigated. Results showed a significant reduction of wheat straw colonization by the pathogen and of the development of perithecia, not only when T6085 was applied alone but also in the presence of a F. oxysporum isolate (7121), well known as a natural competitor on wheat plant residues. T6085 was able to endophytically colonize wheat roots, resulting in internal colonization of the radical cortex area, without reaching the vascular system, as confirmed by confocal microscopy. This intimate interaction with the plant resulted in a significant increase of the expression of the plant defense-related genes PAL1 and PR1. Taken together, competitive ability, endophytic behavior, and host resistance induction represent three important traits that can be of great use in the application of T6085 against FHB not only on spikes at anthesis but potentially also in soil before or at sowing.
Sabrina Sarrocco; Pilar Esteban; Isabel Vicente; Rodolfo Bernardi; Tracy Plainchamp; Séverine Domenichini; Grazia Puntoni; Riccardo Baroncelli; Giovanni Vannacci; Marie Dufresne. Straw Competition and Wheat Root Endophytism of Trichoderma gamsii T6085 as Useful Traits in the Biological Control of Fusarium Head Blight. Phytopathology® 2021, 1 -09.
AMA StyleSabrina Sarrocco, Pilar Esteban, Isabel Vicente, Rodolfo Bernardi, Tracy Plainchamp, Séverine Domenichini, Grazia Puntoni, Riccardo Baroncelli, Giovanni Vannacci, Marie Dufresne. Straw Competition and Wheat Root Endophytism of Trichoderma gamsii T6085 as Useful Traits in the Biological Control of Fusarium Head Blight. Phytopathology®. 2021; ():1-09.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabrina Sarrocco; Pilar Esteban; Isabel Vicente; Rodolfo Bernardi; Tracy Plainchamp; Séverine Domenichini; Grazia Puntoni; Riccardo Baroncelli; Giovanni Vannacci; Marie Dufresne. 2021. "Straw Competition and Wheat Root Endophytism of Trichoderma gamsii T6085 as Useful Traits in the Biological Control of Fusarium Head Blight." Phytopathology® , no. : 1-09.
Plant diseases represent a major constraint on agricultural production. Finding sustainable novel means for their control is an important challenge. The ever-increasing knowledge and understanding of plant–microbe interactions has led to several ingenious transgenic approaches to combat disease. The first transgenic disease resistant plants expressed single or a few stacked genes encoding antimicrobial proteins. Whereas the first attempts were disappointing in the field, several examples from recent field studies are promising and some of these use ingenious designer approaches. Less progress has been made with antimicrobial metabolites where the challenges lies in obtaining biosynthetic genes and in coordinating their expression. The increased understanding of the processes regulating plant defence (plant immunity) and modes of action of pathogen effector proteins have also led to novel strategies for designing resistant plants. The most promising of these is host-induced gene silencing that targets specific pathogens, either the effectors or, preferably, essential housekeeping genes. With these approaches, and several maverick examples of “genes pulled out of a hat”, the technical effort in designing resistant plants is finally paying off. The prospects are good, biologically speaking, but can industry deliver? There is still an issue of public acceptance of genetic engineering of crop plants, especially in Europe; so whilst considerable strategic and practical progress has been made over the last decade, vanishingly few products have been adopted by agriculture. Some of these have been in use for over two decades. As yet, all are against viral diseases and not against diseases caused by microorganisms.
David B. Collinge; Sabrina Sarrocco. Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021. Plant Pathology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleDavid B. Collinge, Sabrina Sarrocco. Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021. Plant Pathology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid B. Collinge; Sabrina Sarrocco. 2021. "Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021." Plant Pathology , no. : 1.
The Biolog® Phenotype MicroArrays™ (PM) system offers a simple and cheap tool to rapidly providing a high throughput of information about the phenotypes of fungal isolates in a short lapse of time. In order to improve the use of the PM system in fungal ecology studies, in the present work we propose a new statistical protocol based on two approaches, i.e. a functional PCA to describe similarity patterns of growth curves and a Bayesian GAMs to allow inferences on specific growth features, in order to analyse nutrient fungal utilization in a model system including four causal agents of FHB, the natural competitor Fusarium oxysporum and the beneficial isolate Trichoderma gamsii T6085. Analysis of data collected by the Biolog® Phenotype MicroArrays™ (PM) in our biological system showed a different nutritional competitive potential of the four pathogens, as well as an intermediate behaviour of the natural competitor and of our biocontrol agent. This protocol, applicable to different fungal phenotypical studies both at isolate and community level, allows a full exploitation of data obtained by PM system and provides important information about the nutritional pattern of a single isolate compared to those of other fungi, a key information to be exploited in biocontrol strategies.
Giovanna Jona Lasinio; Alessio Pollice; Livia Pappalettere; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. A statistical protocol to describe differences among nutrient utilization patterns of Fusarium spp. and Trichoderma gamsii. Plant Pathology 2021, 70, 1146 -1157.
AMA StyleGiovanna Jona Lasinio, Alessio Pollice, Livia Pappalettere, Giovanni Vannacci, Sabrina Sarrocco. A statistical protocol to describe differences among nutrient utilization patterns of Fusarium spp. and Trichoderma gamsii. Plant Pathology. 2021; 70 (5):1146-1157.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Jona Lasinio; Alessio Pollice; Livia Pappalettere; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. 2021. "A statistical protocol to describe differences among nutrient utilization patterns of Fusarium spp. and Trichoderma gamsii." Plant Pathology 70, no. 5: 1146-1157.
Trichoderma is a fungal genus comprising species used as biocontrol agents in crop plant protection and with high value for industry. The beneficial effects of these species are supported by the secondary metabolites they produce. Terpenoid compounds are key players in the interaction of Trichoderma spp. with the environment and with their fungal and plant hosts; however, most of the terpene synthase (TS) genes involved in their biosynthesis have yet not been characterized. Here, we combined comparative genomics of TSs of 21 strains belonging to 17 Trichoderma spp., and gene expression studies on TSs using T. gamsii T6085 as a model. An overview of the diversity within the TS-gene family and the regulation of TS genes is provided. We identified 15 groups of TSs, and the presence of clade-specific enzymes revealed a variety of terpenoid chemotypes evolved to cover different ecological demands. We propose that functional differentiation of gene family members is the driver for the high number of TS genes found in the genomes of Trichoderma. Expression studies provide a picture in which different TS genes are regulated in many ways, which is a strong indication of different biological functions.
Isabel Vicente; Riccardo Baroncelli; María Eugenia Morán-Diez; Rodolfo Bernardi; Grazia Puntoni; Rosa Hermosa; Enrique Monte; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. Combined Comparative Genomics and Gene Expression Analyses Provide Insights into the Terpene Synthases Inventory in Trichoderma. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1603 .
AMA StyleIsabel Vicente, Riccardo Baroncelli, María Eugenia Morán-Diez, Rodolfo Bernardi, Grazia Puntoni, Rosa Hermosa, Enrique Monte, Giovanni Vannacci, Sabrina Sarrocco. Combined Comparative Genomics and Gene Expression Analyses Provide Insights into the Terpene Synthases Inventory in Trichoderma. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (10):1603.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Vicente; Riccardo Baroncelli; María Eugenia Morán-Diez; Rodolfo Bernardi; Grazia Puntoni; Rosa Hermosa; Enrique Monte; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. 2020. "Combined Comparative Genomics and Gene Expression Analyses Provide Insights into the Terpene Synthases Inventory in Trichoderma." Microorganisms 8, no. 10: 1603.
Paraphaeosphaeria genus includes plant pathogens or biocontrol agents as well as bioremediators and endophytic fungi. Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa 10515 was isolated in 2013 as an endophyte of Festuca spp. collected on Mount Etna at 1,832 meters above sea level. Here, we present the first-draft whole-genome sequence of a P. sporulosa endophytic isolate. This data will be useful for future research on understanding the genetic bases of endophytism.
Riccardo Baroncelli; Daniele Da Lio; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. Genome Resources for the Endophytic Fungus Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 2020, 33, 1098 -1099.
AMA StyleRiccardo Baroncelli, Daniele Da Lio, Giovanni Vannacci, Sabrina Sarrocco. Genome Resources for the Endophytic Fungus Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®. 2020; 33 (9):1098-1099.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Baroncelli; Daniele Da Lio; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. 2020. "Genome Resources for the Endophytic Fungus Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 33, no. 9: 1098-1099.
Mycotoxigenic fungi and pests are responsible for quality losses during medium to long-term storage of grain. Since gas composition is considered one of the most important abiotic conditions that influence fungal and pest growth, the use of a controlled atmosphere with a very high N2 concentration is a valid tool to control grain quality in post-harvest. Aim of the present work is to evaluate the use of a highly purified N2 controlled atmosphere – generated in situ by a Membrane Nitrogen Separator (Eurosider s.a.s) – for safely storage of corn and wheat grains. Two different parallel lab-scale experiments were performed in order to assess the effect of N2 atmosphere on: (1) the growth of Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium langsethiae, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides on agar and the production of aflatoxins on corn grains; (2) the populations of the most important post-harvest pests such as Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum on wheat grains and flour, respectively. When exposed to highly purified N2 controlled atmosphere (98.5%±0.5), growth and sporulation of all the four pathogens and aflatoxins production by Aspergillus were significantly reduced. In addition, atmosphere containing 98.5%±0.5 N2 caused the complete mortality of adults of S. oryzae after 3 days on wheat and of T. confusum after 7 days on flour. Results herewith reported suggest that N2 controlled atmosphere represents an eco-friendly tool that could be transferred to a large-scale system for grain storage in order to avoid or reduce chemical treatments.
Moncini Lorenzo; Sarrocco Sabrina; Pachetti Gianpaola; Moretti Antonio; Haidukowski Miriam; Vannacci Giovanni. N2 controlled atmosphere reduces postharvest mycotoxins risk and pests attack on cereal grains. Phytoparasitica 2020, 48, 555 -565.
AMA StyleMoncini Lorenzo, Sarrocco Sabrina, Pachetti Gianpaola, Moretti Antonio, Haidukowski Miriam, Vannacci Giovanni. N2 controlled atmosphere reduces postharvest mycotoxins risk and pests attack on cereal grains. Phytoparasitica. 2020; 48 (4):555-565.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoncini Lorenzo; Sarrocco Sabrina; Pachetti Gianpaola; Moretti Antonio; Haidukowski Miriam; Vannacci Giovanni. 2020. "N2 controlled atmosphere reduces postharvest mycotoxins risk and pests attack on cereal grains." Phytoparasitica 48, no. 4: 555-565.
Colletotrichum lupini is the causal agent of lupin (Lupinus albus L.) anthracnose, a destructive seed-borne disease affecting stems and pods. Despite that several biological studies have been carried out on this pathogen, the production of secondary metabolites has not yet been investigated. Thus, a strain of C. lupini, obtained from symptomatic stems of L. albus, has been grown in vitro to evaluate its ability to produce bioactive compounds. From its culture filtrates, a 3-substituted indolinone, named lupindolinone, and a 5,6-disubstituted tetrahydro-α-pyrone, named lupinlactone, were isolated together with the known (3R)-mevalonolactone and tyrosol. Lupindolinone and lupinlactone were characterized as 3-ethylindolin-2-one and 5-hydroxy-6-methyltetrahydropyran-2-one by spectroscopic methods (essentially nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry [HR ESI-MS]). The R absolute configuration (AC) at C-5 of lupinlactone was determined by applying the modified Mosher’s method. Thus, considering its relative stereochemistry assigned by NMR spectroscopy, the AC of lupinlactone could be formulated as 5R,6S. Lupindolinone was isolated as racemic mixture as shown by investigation using chiroptical methods. The metabolites were assayed in different biological tests and proved to have some activities at the used concentration.
Marco Masi; Paola Nocera; Angela Boari; Maria Chiara Zonno; Gennaro Pescitelli; Sabrina Sarrocco; Riccardo Baroncelli; Giovanni Vannacci; Maurizio Vurro; Antonio Evidente. Secondary metabolites produced by Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of anthachnose of lupin (Lupinus spp.). Mycologia 2020, 112, 533 -542.
AMA StyleMarco Masi, Paola Nocera, Angela Boari, Maria Chiara Zonno, Gennaro Pescitelli, Sabrina Sarrocco, Riccardo Baroncelli, Giovanni Vannacci, Maurizio Vurro, Antonio Evidente. Secondary metabolites produced by Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of anthachnose of lupin (Lupinus spp.). Mycologia. 2020; 112 (3):533-542.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Masi; Paola Nocera; Angela Boari; Maria Chiara Zonno; Gennaro Pescitelli; Sabrina Sarrocco; Riccardo Baroncelli; Giovanni Vannacci; Maurizio Vurro; Antonio Evidente. 2020. "Secondary metabolites produced by Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of anthachnose of lupin (Lupinus spp.)." Mycologia 112, no. 3: 533-542.
Among plant fungal diseases, those affecting cereals represent a huge problem in terms of food security and safety. Cereals, such as maize and wheat, are very often targets of mycotoxigenic fungi. The limited availability of chemical plant protection products and physical methods to control mycotoxigenic fungi and to reduce food and feed mycotoxin contamination fosters alternative approaches, such as the use of beneficial fungi as an active ingredient of biological control products. Competitive interactions, including both exploitation and interference competition, between pathogenic and beneficial fungi, are generally recognized as mechanisms to control plant pathogens populations and to manage plant diseases. In the present review, two examples concerning the use of competitive beneficial filamentous fungi for the management of cereal diseases are discussed. The authors retrace the history of the well-established use of non-aflatoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus to prevent aflatoxin contamination in maize and give an overview of the potential use of competitive beneficial filamentous fungi to manage Fusarium Head Blight on wheat and mitigate fusaria toxin contamination. Although important steps have been made towards the development of microorganisms as active ingredients of plant protection products, a reasoned revision of the registration rules is needed to significantly reduce the chemical based plant protection products in agriculture.
Sabrina Sarrocco; Antonio Mauro; Paola Battilani. Use of Competitive Filamentous Fungi as an Alternative Approach for Mycotoxin Risk Reduction in Staple Cereals: State of Art and Future Perspectives. Toxins 2019, 11, 701 .
AMA StyleSabrina Sarrocco, Antonio Mauro, Paola Battilani. Use of Competitive Filamentous Fungi as an Alternative Approach for Mycotoxin Risk Reduction in Staple Cereals: State of Art and Future Perspectives. Toxins. 2019; 11 (12):701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabrina Sarrocco; Antonio Mauro; Paola Battilani. 2019. "Use of Competitive Filamentous Fungi as an Alternative Approach for Mycotoxin Risk Reduction in Staple Cereals: State of Art and Future Perspectives." Toxins 11, no. 12: 701.
Daniele Da Lio; Luigi De Martino; Silvia Tavarini; Barbara Passera; Luciana Gabriella Angelini; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. First report of Verticillium dahliae causing verticillium wilt on Stevia rebaudiana in Europe. Journal of Plant Pathology 2019, 101, 1291 -1291.
AMA StyleDaniele Da Lio, Luigi De Martino, Silvia Tavarini, Barbara Passera, Luciana Gabriella Angelini, Giovanni Vannacci, Sabrina Sarrocco. First report of Verticillium dahliae causing verticillium wilt on Stevia rebaudiana in Europe. Journal of Plant Pathology. 2019; 101 (4):1291-1291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniele Da Lio; Luigi De Martino; Silvia Tavarini; Barbara Passera; Luciana Gabriella Angelini; Giovanni Vannacci; Sabrina Sarrocco. 2019. "First report of Verticillium dahliae causing verticillium wilt on Stevia rebaudiana in Europe." Journal of Plant Pathology 101, no. 4: 1291-1291.
The growing importance of the ubiquitous fungal genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) requires understanding of its biology and evolution. Many Trichoderma species are used as biofertilizers and biofungicides and T. reesei is the model organism for industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes. In addition, some highly opportunistic species devastate mushroom farms and can become pathogens of humans. A comparative analysis of the first three whole genomes revealed mycoparasitism as the innate feature of Trichoderma. However, the evolution of these traits is not yet understood. We selected 12 most commonly occurring Trichoderma species and studied the evolution of their genome sequences. Trichoderma evolved in the time of the Cretaceous-Palaeogene extinction event 66 (±15) mya, but the formation of extant sections (Longibrachiatum, Trichoderma) or clades (Harzianum/Virens) happened in Oligocene. The evolution of the Harzianum clade and section Trichoderma was accompanied by significant gene gain, but the ancestor of section Longibrachiatum experienced rapid gene loss. The highest number of genes gained encoded ankyrins, HET domain proteins and transcription factors. We also identified the Trichoderma core genome, completely curated its annotation, investigated several gene families in detail and compared the results to those of other fungi. Eighty percent of those genes for which a function could be predicted were also found in other fungi, but only 67% of those without a predictable function. Our study presents a time scaled pattern of genome evolution in 12 Trichoderma species from three phylogenetically distant clades/sections and a comprehensive analysis of their genes. The data offer insights in the evolution of a mycoparasite towards a generalist.
Christian P. Kubicek; Andrei Stecca Steindorff; Komal Chenthamara; Gelsomina Manganiello; Bernard Henrissat; Jian Zhang; Feng Cai; Alexey G. Kopchinskiy; Eva M. Kubicek; Alan Kuo; Riccardo Baroncelli; Sabrina Sarrocco; Eliane Ferreira Noronha; Giovanni Vannacci; Qirong Shen; Igor V. Grigoriev; Irina S. Druzhinina. Evolution and comparative genomics of the most common Trichoderma species. BMC Genomics 2019, 20, 1 -24.
AMA StyleChristian P. Kubicek, Andrei Stecca Steindorff, Komal Chenthamara, Gelsomina Manganiello, Bernard Henrissat, Jian Zhang, Feng Cai, Alexey G. Kopchinskiy, Eva M. Kubicek, Alan Kuo, Riccardo Baroncelli, Sabrina Sarrocco, Eliane Ferreira Noronha, Giovanni Vannacci, Qirong Shen, Igor V. Grigoriev, Irina S. Druzhinina. Evolution and comparative genomics of the most common Trichoderma species. BMC Genomics. 2019; 20 (1):1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian P. Kubicek; Andrei Stecca Steindorff; Komal Chenthamara; Gelsomina Manganiello; Bernard Henrissat; Jian Zhang; Feng Cai; Alexey G. Kopchinskiy; Eva M. Kubicek; Alan Kuo; Riccardo Baroncelli; Sabrina Sarrocco; Eliane Ferreira Noronha; Giovanni Vannacci; Qirong Shen; Igor V. Grigoriev; Irina S. Druzhinina. 2019. "Evolution and comparative genomics of the most common Trichoderma species." BMC Genomics 20, no. 1: 1-24.
Trichoderma gamsii T6085 was used in combination with a Fusarium oxysporum isolate (7121) in order to evaluate, in a multitrophic approach, their competitive ability against F. graminearum, one of the main causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat. The two antagonists and the pathogen were coinoculated on two different natural substrates, wheat and rice kernels. Both T6085 and 7121, alone and coinoculated, significantly reduced the substrate colonization and mycotoxin production by the pathogen. The two antagonists did not affect each other. Using a metabolic approach (Biolog), we investigated whether exploitation competition could explain this antagonistic activity. The aim was to define whether the three fungi coexist or if one isolate nutritionally dominates another. Results obtained from Biolog suggest that no exploitative competition occurs between the antagonists and the pathogen during the colonization of the natural substrates. Interference competition was then preliminarily evaluated to justify the reduction in the pathogen’s growth and to better explain mechanisms. A significant reduction of F. graminearum growth was observed when the pathogen grew in the cultural filtrates of T. gamsii T6085, both alone and cocultured with F. oxysporum 7121, thus suggesting the involvement of secondary metabolites. As far as we know, this is the first time that an ecological study has been performed to explain how and which kind of competition could be involved in a multitrophic biocontrol of FHB.
Sabrina Sarrocco; Fabio Valenti; Sara Manfredini; Pilar Esteban; Rodolfo Bernardi; Grazia Puntoni; Riccardo Baroncelli; Miriam Haidukowski; Antonio Moretti; Giovanni Vannacci. Is Exploitation Competition Involved in a Multitrophic Strategy for the Biocontrol of Fusarium Head Blight? Phytopathology® 2019, 109, 560 -570.
AMA StyleSabrina Sarrocco, Fabio Valenti, Sara Manfredini, Pilar Esteban, Rodolfo Bernardi, Grazia Puntoni, Riccardo Baroncelli, Miriam Haidukowski, Antonio Moretti, Giovanni Vannacci. Is Exploitation Competition Involved in a Multitrophic Strategy for the Biocontrol of Fusarium Head Blight? Phytopathology®. 2019; 109 (4):560-570.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabrina Sarrocco; Fabio Valenti; Sara Manfredini; Pilar Esteban; Rodolfo Bernardi; Grazia Puntoni; Riccardo Baroncelli; Miriam Haidukowski; Antonio Moretti; Giovanni Vannacci. 2019. "Is Exploitation Competition Involved in a Multitrophic Strategy for the Biocontrol of Fusarium Head Blight?" Phytopathology® 109, no. 4: 560-570.
Fungal pathogens are the main factors responsible for the most severe diseases affecting plants, leading to significant reduction in yield and crop quality and causing enormous economic losses worldwide. It is estimated that around 30% of the emerging diseases are caused by fungi (Giraud et al., 2010) thus requiring new strategies to improve their management. Biological control approach, frequently referred to the use of non-pathogenic microbial antagonists or products derived from their metabolism, represents a valid and promising alternative under a more ecological perspective to reduce the activities and to control populations of target pathogens (Singh, 2016). However, although the use of antagonists belonging to species different from that of the pathogen has been successfully reported, the use of competitors belonging to the same species of the pathogen is not widespread. A biocontrol strategy based on competition for space and nutrients and/or the induction of plant defenses against virulent pathogens performed by attenuated or avirulent pathogens (Ghorbanpour et al., 2018) could, therefore, be considered a valid alternative. Veloso et al. (2015) reported the use of an avirulent isolate of Fusarium oxysporum to reduce Verticillium wilt severity in pepper, through competition and induction of the plant defense responses. A similar approach was described by Salazar et al. (2012) for the management of anthracnose in strawberries. The avirulent isolate F7 of Colletotrichum fragariae conferred full protection from the infection caused by C. acutatum and also enhanced plant resistance against Botrytis cinerea through the induction of plant defense responses. Similarly, the use of an attenuated Verticillium nigrescens isolate reduced cotton wilt caused by a virulent isolate of V. dahliae (Vagelas and Leontopoulos, 2015). (Aimé et al., 2013) used an avirulent isolate of F. oxysporum to combat F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici to reduce Fusarium wilt by priming a Salicylic-dependant signaling defense on tomato plants. The use of an avirulent strain of Valsa mali var. mali reduced the infection rate of apple tree canker caused by the virulent strain LXS080601 from 97 to 41% (Zhang et al., 2014) on apple callus. In 1993 as regards the mycotoxigenic fungi, Cotty and Bayman (1993) suggested the use of a non-aflatoxigenic isolate of Aspergillus flavus to control the development of aflatoxigenic strains in maize kernels by competitive exclusion and this strategy today is commercially applied in several countries (Ojiambo et al., 2018). However, the selection of suitable isolates to be used as potential antagonists from the local fungal community often takes (long) time for identification and screening. Selection within a great number of isolates based on morphological, physiological and genetic features is usually required, followed by an in vivo screening against the pathogen on a real disease scenario. An interesting alternative to easily and quickly obtain new genotypes able to act as biocontrol agents, could be the induction of genetic mutations in the virulent genotypes, providing new avirulent strains that can compete directly with the virulent ones or induce plant defense responses (Ghorbanpour et al., 2018). The application of genetic transformation techniques to silencing genes putatively involved in pathogenicity has been widely used to uncoil the role of these genes in the establishment and development of the infection processes (Johnson et al., 2018). However, the disruption of a gene function usually involves the integration in the genome of foreign DNA sequences used as reporter genes in order to select transformants, leading to the generation of antibiotic-resistant or fluorescent strains. These genetic modifications represent a major constraint for their use in field. The arrival of the CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats – CRISPR Associated protein 9) genome-editing technique enabled researchers to modify genomic sequences in a more precise way (Knott and Doudna, 2018). CRISPR-Cas9 Type II system uses two principal components for gene targeting and cleavage: the RNA guide (sgRNA) and the Cas9 endonuclease. The sgRNA consists of a simple chimeric strand of RNA, which leads Cas9 up to the localization in the genome of the target gene, whose expression has to be blocked. Cas9 is able to bind the DNA and to produce a double strand break (DSB) in the target gene. The DSB then induces the activation of one of the DNA cellular reparation systems, the Non-Homologous End-Joining (NHEJ) system, that can re-join the ends of the DSB without introducing errors or, unlikely, giving rise to insertions or deletions of nucleotides during the repair. These InDels led to changes in the gene reading frame producing non-sense sequences or causing the appearance of premature stop codons, thus blocking the transcription of the target gene (Bono et al., 2015). In most cases the application of the technique in filamentous fungi consisted of a proof of concept of its feasibility (see Table 1). The system has the advantage that once implemented in the organism, it is possible to change the target gene by changing the sgRNA spacer sequence, as well as silencing several genes simultaneously by transforming the cell with different sgRNAs along with Cas9 (Hsu et al., 2015). Nevertheless, the most interesting advantage is that it allows to perform marker-free deletions by using transient expression plasmids that can self-replicate only under antibiotic pressure (Katayama et al., 2015, Nødvig et al., 2015; Schuster et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2017; Wenderoth et al., 2017; Weyda et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018). The use of CRISPR-Cas not only provides a time-saving path to perform genomic functional analyses, but also could provide new fungal genotypes, that can be used as potential competitors of plant pathogens and/or in the priming of...
Isabel Vicente Muñoz; Sabrina Sarrocco; Luca Malfatti; Riccardo Baroncelli; Giovanni Vannacci. CRISPR-Cas for Fungal Genome Editing: A New Tool for the Management of Plant Diseases. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 135 .
AMA StyleIsabel Vicente Muñoz, Sabrina Sarrocco, Luca Malfatti, Riccardo Baroncelli, Giovanni Vannacci. CRISPR-Cas for Fungal Genome Editing: A New Tool for the Management of Plant Diseases. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Vicente Muñoz; Sabrina Sarrocco; Luca Malfatti; Riccardo Baroncelli; Giovanni Vannacci. 2019. "CRISPR-Cas for Fungal Genome Editing: A New Tool for the Management of Plant Diseases." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 135.
Corrigendum: UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin
Marco Santin; Susanne Neugart; Antonella Castagna; Martina Barilari; Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Vannacci; Monika Schreiner; Annamaria Ranieri. Corrigendum: UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin. Frontiers in Plant Science 2018, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleMarco Santin, Susanne Neugart, Antonella Castagna, Martina Barilari, Sabrina Sarrocco, Giovanni Vannacci, Monika Schreiner, Annamaria Ranieri. Corrigendum: UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2018; 9 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Santin; Susanne Neugart; Antonella Castagna; Martina Barilari; Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Vannacci; Monika Schreiner; Annamaria Ranieri. 2018. "Corrigendum: UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin." Frontiers in Plant Science 9, no. : 1.
Phenolic compounds represent a large class of secondary metabolites, involved in multiple functions not only in plant life cycle, but also in fruit during post-harvest. phenolics play a key role in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses, thus their accumulation is regulated by the presence of environmental stimuli. The present work aimed to investigate how different pre-UV-B-exposures can modulate the phenolic response of peach fruit infected with Monilinia fructicola. Through HPLC-DAD-MSn, several procyanidins, phenolic acids, flavonols, and anthocyanins were detected. Both UV-B radiation and fungal infection were able to stimulate the accumulation of phenolics, dependent on the chemical structure. Regarding UV-B exposure, inoculated with sterile water, 3 h of UV-B radiation highest concentration of phenolics was found, especially flavonols and cyanidin-3-glucoside far from the wound. However, wounding decreased the phenolics in the region nearby. When peaches were pre-treated with 1 h of UV-B radiation, the fungus had an additive effect in phenolic accumulation far from the infection, while it had a subtractive effect with 3 h of UV-B radiation, especially for flavonols. Canonical discriminant analysis and Pearson correlation revealed that all phenolic compounds, except procyanidin dimer, were highly regulated by UV-B radiation, with particularly strong correlation for quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, while phenolics correlated with the fungus infection were quercetin-3-galactoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-galactoside and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside. Modulation of pathogen-induced phenolics also far from inoculation site might suggest a migration of signaling molecules from the infected area to healthy tissues.
Marco Santin; Susanne Neugart; Antonella Castagna; Martina Barilari; Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Vannacci; Monika Schreiner; Annamaria Ranieri. UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin. Frontiers in Plant Science 2018, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleMarco Santin, Susanne Neugart, Antonella Castagna, Martina Barilari, Sabrina Sarrocco, Giovanni Vannacci, Monika Schreiner, Annamaria Ranieri. UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2018; 9 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Santin; Susanne Neugart; Antonella Castagna; Martina Barilari; Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Vannacci; Monika Schreiner; Annamaria Ranieri. 2018. "UV-B Pre-treatment Alters Phenolics Response to Monilinia fructicola Infection in a Structure-Dependent Way in Peach Skin." Frontiers in Plant Science 9, no. : 1.
Colletotrichum orchidophilum is a plant-pathogenic fungus infecting a wide range of plant species belonging to the family Orchidaceae. In addition to its economic impact, C. orchidophilum has been used in recent years in evolutionary studies because it represents the closest related species to the C. acutatum species complex. Here, we present the first-draft whole-genome sequence of C. orchidophilum IMI 309357, providing a resource for future research on anthracnose of Orchidaceae and other hosts.
Riccardo Baroncelli; Serenella A. Sukno; Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Cafà; Gaetan Le Floch; Michael R. Thon. Whole-Genome Sequence of the Orchid Anthracnose Pathogen Colletotrichum orchidophilum. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 2018, 31, 979 -981.
AMA StyleRiccardo Baroncelli, Serenella A. Sukno, Sabrina Sarrocco, Giovanni Cafà, Gaetan Le Floch, Michael R. Thon. Whole-Genome Sequence of the Orchid Anthracnose Pathogen Colletotrichum orchidophilum. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®. 2018; 31 (10):979-981.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Baroncelli; Serenella A. Sukno; Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Cafà; Gaetan Le Floch; Michael R. Thon. 2018. "Whole-Genome Sequence of the Orchid Anthracnose Pathogen Colletotrichum orchidophilum." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, no. 10: 979-981.
The continuous pursuit of food quality, the need to feed an increasing global population and the legislative requirement to reduce the input of chemicals in the environment and in agriculture are seen as a very pressing "sword of Damocles", all highlighting the importance of the discovery and development of alternative strategies to guarantee food security. Beneficial fungi, both filamentous fungi and yeasts, are well-known as potential biocontrol agents for use in crop protection, as part of integrated or biological strategies, and represent one of the possible solutions to these needs.Among all the possible plant pathogens potentially affecting crops, mycotoxigenic fungi are considered as the main threat to food security, as they are present as contaminants in the main sources of nutrition for the population worldwide. Reducing mycotoxin contamination in produce during postharvest is one of the greatest challenges. The prevention of mycotoxigenic plant pathogens, mostly during preharvest, is considered as a valid strategy to reduce the risks associated with the mycotoxin contamination of processed food and feed.We present an overview of the possible applications of beneficial fungi in the preharvest of cereals, grapes and apples, in order to control the attack of these crops by important mycotoxigenic plant pathogens such as Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium spp., respectively. We also examine the effects of these applications in terms of reduction of the risk of mycotoxin contamination such as trichothecenes (Fusarium), aflatoxins and ochratoxins (Aspergillus) and patulin (Penicillium), at a postharvest stage. Finally, the use of modern technologies, such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), is also discussed in terms of improving the success of beneficial fungi in preventing mycotoxin contamination
Sabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Vannacci. Preharvest application of beneficial fungi as a strategy to prevent postharvest mycotoxin contamination: A review. Crop Protection 2018, 110, 160 -170.
AMA StyleSabrina Sarrocco, Giovanni Vannacci. Preharvest application of beneficial fungi as a strategy to prevent postharvest mycotoxin contamination: A review. Crop Protection. 2018; 110 ():160-170.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabrina Sarrocco; Giovanni Vannacci. 2018. "Preharvest application of beneficial fungi as a strategy to prevent postharvest mycotoxin contamination: A review." Crop Protection 110, no. : 160-170.
Juglans regia (walnut) is a species belonging to the family Juglandaceae. Broadly spread in diverse temperate and subtropical regions, walnut is primarily cultivated for its nuts. In France, Colletotrichum sp. on walnut was detected for the first time in 2007; in 2011 the disease led to 50–70% losses in nut production. A combined approach of metabarcoding analysis and multi-locus genetic characterization of isolated strains has been used for taxonomic designation and to study the genetic variability of this pathogen in France. Evidence indicates that four Colletotrichum species are associated with walnut in France: 3 belong to the C. acutatum species complex and 1 to the C. gloeosporioides species complex. Results also show that C. godetiae is the most abundant species followed by C. fioriniae; while C. nymphaeae and another Colletotrichum sp. belonging to the C. gloeosporioides complex are found rarely. Representative isolates of detected species were also used to confirm pathogenicity on walnut fruits. The results show a high variability of lesion’s dimensions among isolates tested. This study highlights the genetic and pathogenic heterogeneity of Colletotrichum species associated with walnut anthracnose in France providing useful information for targeted treatments or selection of resistant cultivars, in order to better control the disease.
Daniele Da Lio; José F. Cobo-Díaz; Cyrielle Masson; Morgane Chalopin; Djiby Kebe; Michel Giraud; Agnes Verhaeghe; Patrice Nodet; Sabrina Sarrocco; Gaétan LE Floch; Riccardo Baroncelli. Combined Metabarcoding and Multi-locus approach for Genetic characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with common walnut (Juglans regia) anthracnose in France. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 1 -17.
AMA StyleDaniele Da Lio, José F. Cobo-Díaz, Cyrielle Masson, Morgane Chalopin, Djiby Kebe, Michel Giraud, Agnes Verhaeghe, Patrice Nodet, Sabrina Sarrocco, Gaétan LE Floch, Riccardo Baroncelli. Combined Metabarcoding and Multi-locus approach for Genetic characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with common walnut (Juglans regia) anthracnose in France. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniele Da Lio; José F. Cobo-Díaz; Cyrielle Masson; Morgane Chalopin; Djiby Kebe; Michel Giraud; Agnes Verhaeghe; Patrice Nodet; Sabrina Sarrocco; Gaétan LE Floch; Riccardo Baroncelli. 2018. "Combined Metabarcoding and Multi-locus approach for Genetic characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with common walnut (Juglans regia) anthracnose in France." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 1-17.
The article Geosmithia-Ophiostoma: a New Fungus-Fungus Association, written by Alessia L. Pepori, Priscilla P. Bettini, Cecilia Comparini, Sabrina Sarrocco, Anna Bonini, Arcangela Frascella, Luisa...
Alessia L. Pepori; Priscilla P. Bettini; Cecilia Comparini; Sabrina Sarrocco; Anna Bonini; Arcangela Frascella; Luisa Ghelardini; Aniello Scala; Giovanni Vannacci; Alberto Santini. Correction to: Geosmithia-Ophiostoma: a New Fungus-Fungus Association. Microbial Ecology 2017, 76, 298 -298.
AMA StyleAlessia L. Pepori, Priscilla P. Bettini, Cecilia Comparini, Sabrina Sarrocco, Anna Bonini, Arcangela Frascella, Luisa Ghelardini, Aniello Scala, Giovanni Vannacci, Alberto Santini. Correction to: Geosmithia-Ophiostoma: a New Fungus-Fungus Association. Microbial Ecology. 2017; 76 (1):298-298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessia L. Pepori; Priscilla P. Bettini; Cecilia Comparini; Sabrina Sarrocco; Anna Bonini; Arcangela Frascella; Luisa Ghelardini; Aniello Scala; Giovanni Vannacci; Alberto Santini. 2017. "Correction to: Geosmithia-Ophiostoma: a New Fungus-Fungus Association." Microbial Ecology 76, no. 1: 298-298.
Fusarium graminearum is among the main causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB), or scab, of wheat and other cereals, caused by a complex of Fusarium species, worldwide. Besides causing economic losses in terms of crop yield and quality, F. graminearum poses a severe threat to animal and human health. Here, we present the first draft whole-genome sequence of the mycotoxigenic Fusarium graminearum strain ITEM 124, also providing useful information for comparative genomics studies.
Antonio Zapparata; Daniele Da Lio; Stefania Somma; Isabel Vicente Muñoz; Luca Malfatti; Giovanni Vannacci; Antonio Moretti; Riccardo Baroncelli; Sabrina Sarrocco. Genome Sequence of Fusarium graminearum ITEM 124 (ATCC 56091), a Mycotoxigenic Plant Pathogen. Genome Announcements 2017, 5, e01209-17 .
AMA StyleAntonio Zapparata, Daniele Da Lio, Stefania Somma, Isabel Vicente Muñoz, Luca Malfatti, Giovanni Vannacci, Antonio Moretti, Riccardo Baroncelli, Sabrina Sarrocco. Genome Sequence of Fusarium graminearum ITEM 124 (ATCC 56091), a Mycotoxigenic Plant Pathogen. Genome Announcements. 2017; 5 (45):e01209-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Zapparata; Daniele Da Lio; Stefania Somma; Isabel Vicente Muñoz; Luca Malfatti; Giovanni Vannacci; Antonio Moretti; Riccardo Baroncelli; Sabrina Sarrocco. 2017. "Genome Sequence of Fusarium graminearum ITEM 124 (ATCC 56091), a Mycotoxigenic Plant Pathogen." Genome Announcements 5, no. 45: e01209-17.