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Wei Ma
National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044 China

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Journal article
Published: 20 March 2021 in International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
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One of the most significant current concerns in distribution networks is the voltage fluctuations resulting from sharp changes of the active power of photovoltaic (PV) plants. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel worst-case voltage scenarios (WCVSs) based centralized voltage regulation method to suppress the voltage fluctuations of all buses in distribution networks, where the WCVSs are established according to probabilities of bus voltages exceeding the required voltage range. A mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINP) model is developed to coordinate on-load tap changers (OLTCs), capacitor banks (CBs), and PV plants, aiming at reducing switching operations of OLTCs and CBs, bus voltage variations, operating losses of distribution networks, and active power curtailments of PV plants. This paper employs the NSGA-II algorithm to find the Pareto optimal set of the established MINP model, and a fast decision-making algorithm is proposed to select the best solution from the Pareto optimal set. The proposed methods are conducted on a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution network with high penetrations of PV power. Simulation results show that the proposed voltage control methods can not only effectively deal with voltage fluctuation issues in the distribution network, but also reduce the operating costs of the distribution network.

ACS Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Zhe Chen; Ruonan Hu. A centralized voltage regulation method for distribution networks containing high penetrations of photovoltaic power. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 2021, 129, 106852 .

AMA Style

Wei Ma, Wei Wang, Zhe Chen, Ruonan Hu. A centralized voltage regulation method for distribution networks containing high penetrations of photovoltaic power. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2021; 129 ():106852.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Zhe Chen; Ruonan Hu. 2021. "A centralized voltage regulation method for distribution networks containing high penetrations of photovoltaic power." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 129, no. : 106852.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2021 in Applied Energy
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Due to the increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) power systems in active distribution networks (ADNs), PV power fluctuations may result in significant voltage variations of ADNs. Therefore, this paper proposes a voltage regulation method for ADNs to minimize the operational losses while keeping the nodal voltages within the limit with the reduced PV power curtailment and the reduced switching numbers of on-load tap changers (OLTCs) and capacitor banks (CBs). Meanwhile, the proposed voltage regulation method also aims to minimize the reactive power flowing through OLTCs, and to minimize the switching numbers of substation CBs. In this study, the centralized voltage regulation is performed based on the worst voltage variation scenarios of ADNs, where a multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINP) model with time-varying decision variables is established. The MINP model is solved using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), and a practical decision-making algorithm is developed to select the best solution from the Pareto optimal set. Moreover, the decentralized voltage regulation aims at mitigating real-time nodal voltage variations via adjusting the real-time active and reactive power of each PV plant. Several simulations and comparisons are carried out on a modified IEEE 33-node system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, and to compare with some previous voltage regulation methods. Simulation results show that the proposed voltage regulation methods can not only effectively control voltage variations of ADNs but also improve the economics of ADNs, substations, and PV plants.

ACS Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Zhe Chen; Xuezhi Wu; Ruonan Hu; Fen Tang; Weige Zhang. Voltage regulation methods for active distribution networks considering the reactive power optimization of substations. Applied Energy 2021, 284, 116347 .

AMA Style

Wei Ma, Wei Wang, Zhe Chen, Xuezhi Wu, Ruonan Hu, Fen Tang, Weige Zhang. Voltage regulation methods for active distribution networks considering the reactive power optimization of substations. Applied Energy. 2021; 284 ():116347.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Zhe Chen; Xuezhi Wu; Ruonan Hu; Fen Tang; Weige Zhang. 2021. "Voltage regulation methods for active distribution networks considering the reactive power optimization of substations." Applied Energy 284, no. : 116347.

Journal article
Published: 13 November 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper proposes a coordinated voltage regulation method for active distribution networks (ADNs) to mitigate nodal voltage fluctuations caused by photovoltaic (PV) power fluctuations, where a three-stage optimization scheme is developed to coordinate and optimize the tap position of on-load tap changers (OLTCs), the reactive power of capacitor banks (CBs), and the active and reactive power of soft open points (SOPs). The first stage aims to schedule the OLTC and CBs hourly using the rolling optimization algorithm. In the second stage, a multi-objective optimization model of SOPs is established to periodically (15 min) optimize the active and reactive power of each SOP. Meanwhile, this model is also responsible for optimizing the Q-V droop control parameters of each SOP used in the third stage. The aim of the third stage is to suppress real-time (1 min) voltage fluctuations caused by rapid changes in PV power, where the Q-V droop control is developed to regulate the actual reactive power of SOPs automatically, according to the measured voltage at the SOPs’ connection points. Furthermore, numerous simulations and comparisons are carried out on a modified IEEE 33-bus distribution network to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed voltage regulation method.

ACS Style

Ruonan Hu; Wei Wang; Zhe Chen; Xuezhi Wu; Long Jing; Wei Ma; Guohong Zeng. Coordinated Voltage Regulation Methods in Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Points. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9453 .

AMA Style

Ruonan Hu, Wei Wang, Zhe Chen, Xuezhi Wu, Long Jing, Wei Ma, Guohong Zeng. Coordinated Voltage Regulation Methods in Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Points. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9453.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruonan Hu; Wei Wang; Zhe Chen; Xuezhi Wu; Long Jing; Wei Ma; Guohong Zeng. 2020. "Coordinated Voltage Regulation Methods in Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Points." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9453.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2019 in IEEE Access
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Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) have become an effective solution to smooth the active power variations of photovoltaic (PV). In order to reduce the required capacities and costs of the HESS, a coordinated control scheme is developed to mitigate the power variations of a PV plant by using the HESS and the active power curtailment (APC) of PV. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization model is established to dispatch the output power of batteries and supercapacitors, considering the overall losses and the state of charge (SOC) deviation of the supercapacitor. Based on the proposed smoothing strategy, an allocation model is developed to optimize the energy and power capacities of the HESS with the aim of maximizing the annual net income of the PV and HESS plant. Numerous simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed smoothing and allocation methods by using the real data of a PV plant. In addition, we also discuss the impacts of the different dispatching strategies of the HESS, grid requirements of power variations, and solution methods on the HESS allocation results.

ACS Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Xuezhi Wu; Ruonan Hu; Fen Tang; Weige Zhang; Xiaoyan Han; Lijie Ding. Optimal Allocation of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Smoothing Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering the Active Power Curtailment of Photovoltaic. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 74787 -74799.

AMA Style

Wei Ma, Wei Wang, Xuezhi Wu, Ruonan Hu, Fen Tang, Weige Zhang, Xiaoyan Han, Lijie Ding. Optimal Allocation of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Smoothing Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering the Active Power Curtailment of Photovoltaic. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):74787-74799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Xuezhi Wu; Ruonan Hu; Fen Tang; Weige Zhang; Xiaoyan Han; Lijie Ding. 2019. "Optimal Allocation of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Smoothing Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering the Active Power Curtailment of Photovoltaic." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 74787-74799.

Journal article
Published: 03 March 2019 in Sustainability
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The power fluctuations of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems have negative impacts on the power quality and stability of the utility grid. In this study, the combinations of a battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and the PV power curtailment are used to smooth PV power fluctuations. A PV power curtailment algorithm is developed to limit PV power when power fluctuation exceeds the power capacity of the HESS. A multi-objective optimization model is established to dispatch the HESS power, considering energy losses and the state of charge (SOC) of the supercapacitor. To prevent the SOCs of the HESS from approaching their lower limits, a SOC correction strategy is proposed to correct the SOCs of the HESS. Moreover, this paper also investigates the performances (such as the smoothing effects, losses and lifetime of energy storage, and system net profits) of two different smoothing strategies, including the method of using the HESS and the proposed strategy. Finally, numerous simulations are carried out based on data obtained from a 750 kWp PV plant. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method is more economical and can effectively smooth power fluctuations compared with the method of using the HESS.

ACS Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Xuezhi Wu; Ruonan Hu; Fen Tang; Weige Zhang. Control Strategy of a Hybrid Energy Storage System to Smooth Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering Photovoltaic Output Power Curtailment. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1324 .

AMA Style

Wei Ma, Wei Wang, Xuezhi Wu, Ruonan Hu, Fen Tang, Weige Zhang. Control Strategy of a Hybrid Energy Storage System to Smooth Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering Photovoltaic Output Power Curtailment. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Xuezhi Wu; Ruonan Hu; Fen Tang; Weige Zhang. 2019. "Control Strategy of a Hybrid Energy Storage System to Smooth Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering Photovoltaic Output Power Curtailment." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1324.

Conference paper
Published: 31 March 2018 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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In the urban rail traction power supply system, the load power fluctuates greatly, and the regenerated braking energy waste is serious. The fluctuation of load power can be stabilized effectively, and the utilization ratio of renewable energy can be improved when the energy storage system is applied in traction substation. Firstly, based on the load characteristics of traction substation, the minimum operation cost of energy storage investment is taken as the optimization objective, and a hybrid optimization method of traction substation based on ant colony optimization algorithm is proposed. Then, a hybrid energy storage real-time scheduling strategy based on wavelet packet decomposition algorithm is proposed, which can correct the wavelet packet decomposition results according to the real-time SOC state of the storage battery and super capacitor. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness are verified through the simulation results based on the measured data of a traction substation.

ACS Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Ruonan Hu. Optimization and Scheduling Strategy of Energy Storage in Urban Rail Traction Power Supply System. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2018, 611 -620.

AMA Style

Wei Ma, Wei Wang, Ruonan Hu. Optimization and Scheduling Strategy of Energy Storage in Urban Rail Traction Power Supply System. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2018; ():611-620.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei Ma; Wei Wang; Ruonan Hu. 2018. "Optimization and Scheduling Strategy of Energy Storage in Urban Rail Traction Power Supply System." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 611-620.