Rawil Fakhrullin received his MSc from Kazan State University in 2003, a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from Kazan State University in 2006, and a DSc in Microbiology from Kazan Federal University in 2011. He also received an MSc degree in Chemistry with Nanotechnology from the University of Hull, UK. He worked as a visiting scientist at the University of Hull (UK), the University of Sheffield (UK), and Yeditepe University (Istanbul, Turkey). His research interests are focused on the development of novel biomimetic materials (including functionalized cells), cell-based therapy, drug delivery, controllable assembly of living cells into multicellular clusters, fabrication of cell-based biosensors, and nanotoxicity.