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This study performed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on recovery strategies of dredged contaminated marine sediments in a large Mediterranean port located in central Italy (Tuscany) in order to find the most environmentally sound solution. The study considered marine sediments polluted by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and/or organic compounds, two different sediment particle sizes and the combined use of three soil remediation technologies: soil washing, electrokinetic treatment and enhanced landfarming. The analyzed scenarios depended on the sediment properties and characteristics of the treatment technologies investigated, and were compared with the corresponding reference scenarios, consisting of the landfilling of dredged contaminated sediments. The LCA results show that scenarios associated with sediment recovery generated potential environmental impacts lower than the corresponding reference scenarios. Almost all the impact categories considered in the CML-IA baseline method showed an environmental convenience in the recovery of contaminated sediments, especially for abiotic depletion and global warming. Future studies should focus on optimizing the combined use of multiple technologies and reducing the resource consumptions related to their implementation in order to achieve both environmental and economic benefits.
Francesco Pasciucco; Isabella Pecorini; Simona Di Gregorio; Fabiano Pilato; Renato Iannelli. Recovery Strategies of Contaminated Marine Sediments: A Life Cycle Assessment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8520 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Pasciucco, Isabella Pecorini, Simona Di Gregorio, Fabiano Pilato, Renato Iannelli. Recovery Strategies of Contaminated Marine Sediments: A Life Cycle Assessment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8520.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Pasciucco; Isabella Pecorini; Simona Di Gregorio; Fabiano Pilato; Renato Iannelli. 2021. "Recovery Strategies of Contaminated Marine Sediments: A Life Cycle Assessment." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8520.
The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is a key parameter in dry-anaerobic digestion to set during the reactor configuration in order to achieve the optimal biogas production. For this reason, the study compared the results of two experimental tests operating with an HRT of 23 and 14 days. During the tests, the feedstock was organic fraction of municipal solid waste with a solid content of 33% and the digester was a pilot-scale plug-flow reactor operating in thermophilic condition. The highest specific biogas production of 311.91 Nlbiogas kg-1 d-1 was achieved when the HRT was set to 23 days. On the contrary, the highest methane production rate of 1.43 NlCH4 l-1 d-1 was achieved for an HRT of 14 days. In addition, the volatile solids removal (49.15% on average) and the energy content o(4.8 MJ kg-1 on average) were higher for HRT 23 days than for HRT14 days. The results indicated that in dry-anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste, 23 days is a suitable HRT for energy recovery.
Elena Rossi; Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. Energy recovery from biowaste: influence of hydraulic retention time on biogas production in dry-anaerobic digestion. E3S Web of Conferences 2021, 238, 01007 .
AMA StyleElena Rossi, Isabella Pecorini, Renato Iannelli. Energy recovery from biowaste: influence of hydraulic retention time on biogas production in dry-anaerobic digestion. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021; 238 ():01007.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Rossi; Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. 2021. "Energy recovery from biowaste: influence of hydraulic retention time on biogas production in dry-anaerobic digestion." E3S Web of Conferences 238, no. : 01007.
This study investigates the influence of moisture content on the potential oxidation efficiency of methane (CH4) of biofiltration systems treating landfill gas containing high oxygen concentrations. Column tests filled with compost with different moisture contents (20%, 30%, and 40%) loaded with different methane flows were set up on a laboratory scale. Analyzing the results the following evidences can be summarized: With low methane load (<100 g CH4 m−2 d−1), a moisture content of 20% was not enough to support bacterial activity, while a moisture content of 40% advantaged the compost respiration assisting it to become the dominating process; with higher methane load (100–300 g CH4 m−2 d−1), a moisture content of 30% resulted in an optimal value to support methanotrophic activity showing the highest CH4 concentration reduction; moving on to a CH4 load above 300 g CH4 m−2 d−1, the inhibition of methanotrophic activity emerged independently to the moisture content of the filter media. The optimal configuration is obtained for a moisture content of 30% and in the case of flows below 200 g CH4 m−2 d−1 for which the oxidation efficiency results higher than 80%.
Niccolò Frasi; Elena Rossi; Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. Methane Oxidation Efficiency in Biofiltration Systems with Different Moisture Content Treating Diluted Landfill Gas. Energies 2020, 13, 2872 .
AMA StyleNiccolò Frasi, Elena Rossi, Isabella Pecorini, Renato Iannelli. Methane Oxidation Efficiency in Biofiltration Systems with Different Moisture Content Treating Diluted Landfill Gas. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2872.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiccolò Frasi; Elena Rossi; Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Methane Oxidation Efficiency in Biofiltration Systems with Different Moisture Content Treating Diluted Landfill Gas." Energies 13, no. 11: 2872.
Emissions from daily and final covers of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills can produce significant impacts on local and global environments. Simplifying, landfills can cause local impacts with odor emissions and global impacts with GHGs. This work focuses on hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methane (CH4) emissions, with the aim of studying how it is possible to reduce their impacts by means of biofiltration systems. Both field and laboratory investigations have been carried out in Casa Rota Landfill (Tuscany, Italy). In the field trials, four pilot-scale biocovers made of compost from a source-selected organic fraction (SS compost), compost from a mechanical biological treatment plant—the residual fractions of the MSW, a mixed compost (SS-MSW compost) and sand were monitored in the daily cover area of the landfill, where high emissions were detected. Results showed that high CH4 and H2S emissions reductions occurred in the mixed SS-MSW compost plot, given a maximum methane oxidation efficiency of greater than 98% and an average oxidation efficiency of about 75%. To assess the specific oxidation rate, laboratory tests using SS-MSW compost sampled from the biocovers were done.
Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. Landfill GHG Reduction through Different Microbial Methane Oxidation Biocovers. Processes 2020, 8, 591 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Renato Iannelli. Landfill GHG Reduction through Different Microbial Methane Oxidation Biocovers. Processes. 2020; 8 (5):591.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Landfill GHG Reduction through Different Microbial Methane Oxidation Biocovers." Processes 8, no. 5: 591.
A human health risk assessment was performed to evaluate if a biofilter for the biological methane oxidation reduces the risk from exposure to landfill gas emissions and improves the air quality mitigating odour emissions from an aftercare landfill. Accordingly, three different scenarios of landfill gas management were defined, 9 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (cyclohexane, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, benzene, xylenes, toluene, dichlorodifluoromethane, vinyl chloride) were identified and using the CALPUFF dispersion model; the pollutant concentration at eleven sensitive receptors was determined. Consequently, the risk (for cancer and non-cancer compounds) was assessed applying the methodology proposed by USEPA 2009. From one hand, to determine concentration and emission rates of VOCs and hydrogen sulphide, a sample of raw landfill gas and three air samples from the biofilter surface were collected with dynamic flux chamber method and analysed in accordance with US EPA, 1986 and USEPA TO-15, 1999. To the other hand, odour emissions were assessed based both on chemical and dynamic olfactometric measurements (EN 13725:2003). The field surveys results showed a reduction of the cancer risk on average by 79% and of the hazard quotient on average by 92%. In contrast, the results of olfactometry measurements showed a lower efficiency on odour reduction than the target value of 70%. Nonetheless, the odour concentration was always far below 300 uoE m−3 at the biofilter surface and odour concentration never exceed 1 uoE m−3 at the sensitive receptors.
Elena Rossi; Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. Methane oxidation of residual landfill gas in a full-scale biofilter: human health risk assessment of volatile and malodours compound emissions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 24419 -24431.
AMA StyleElena Rossi, Isabella Pecorini, Renato Iannelli. Methane oxidation of residual landfill gas in a full-scale biofilter: human health risk assessment of volatile and malodours compound emissions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (19):24419-24431.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Rossi; Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Methane oxidation of residual landfill gas in a full-scale biofilter: human health risk assessment of volatile and malodours compound emissions." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 19: 24419-24431.
Biofiltration systems are emerging technological solutions for the removal of methane and odors from landfill gas when flaring is no longer feasible. This work analyzed and compared two full-scale biofiltration systems: biofilter and biowindows. The emission mitigation of methane, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and odors during a two-year management and monitoring period was studied. In addition to diluted methane, more than 50 NMVOCs have been detected in the inlet raw landfill gas and the sulfur compounds resulted in the highest odor activity value. Both systems, biofilter and biowindows, were effective for the oxidation of methane (58.1% and 88.05%, respectively), for the mitigation of NMVOCs (higher than 80%) and odor reduction (99.84% and 93.82% respectively). As for the biofilter monitoring, it was possible to define the oxidation efficiency trend and in fact to guarantee that for an oxidation efficiency of 80%, the methane load must be less than 6.5 g CH4/m2h with an oxidation rate of 5.2 g CH4/m2h.
Isabella Pecorini; Elena Rossi; Renato Iannelli. Mitigation of Methane, NMVOCs and Odor Emissions in Active and Passive Biofiltration Systems at Municipal Solid Waste Landfills. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3203 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Elena Rossi, Renato Iannelli. Mitigation of Methane, NMVOCs and Odor Emissions in Active and Passive Biofiltration Systems at Municipal Solid Waste Landfills. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Elena Rossi; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Mitigation of Methane, NMVOCs and Odor Emissions in Active and Passive Biofiltration Systems at Municipal Solid Waste Landfills." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3203.
In order to obtain a product with agronomic characteristics and biological stability consistent with the EU fertilizer decree for the market of EU fertilising products three different mixtures obtained from sludge digestate from municipal wastewater treatment plant, fresh compost and mature compost have been studied and characterized. For the experimental activity, the raw samples and three mixing ones were collected for the analytical characterization. The biological stability was then assessed for all samples using different stability criteria such as Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate, Rottegrad self-heating factor, Residual biogas potential. Specific enzymatic tests provided information about the status of nutrient cycles (C, P and S) and to overall microbial activity. Physical (bulk density, particle density, air capacity and water content), nutritional (C, N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) and toxicological properties (seedling growth tests on Lepidum sativum L., Cucumis sativus L., Lolium perenne L.) were also evaluated in order to assess the feasibility of agronomic use of the digestate-based mixtures. All the digestate-based mixtures responded to the main characteristics of compost quality requirements proposed in national and international regulations. The evidence found in this study highlighted that the strategy of mixing of sludge digestates with the composts allowed to mitigate the environmental risk posed by each starting material and to valorize their nutrient content.
Isabella Pecorini; Eleonora Peruzzi; Elena Albini; Serena Doni; Cristina Macci; Grazia Masciandaro; Renato Iannelli. Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3042 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Eleonora Peruzzi, Elena Albini, Serena Doni, Cristina Macci, Grazia Masciandaro, Renato Iannelli. Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):3042.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Eleonora Peruzzi; Elena Albini; Serena Doni; Cristina Macci; Grazia Masciandaro; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 3042.
In order to study the quality of organic fractions of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), five different municipalities in Tuscany were chosen for sampling according to the peculiarities of their collection systems. The five collection systems selected were sampled four times: during March, June, September and December, for a total of 20 picking analyses. In addition, emphasis was also given to the study of the variability of OFMSW composition related to ultimate, proximate and bromatological analyses. Road container collection systems proved to have a higher content of non-compostable and undesirable fractions (22%±1%) when compared to door-to-door systems (6% ± 1%). During months with lower temperature (March and December), the garden waste content in the OFMSW was negligible, with kitchen waste prevailing. This altered the physical chemical composition of OFMSW, which had a lower lignin content and higher methane production in the months with lower temperatures (272 ± 23 NLCH4 kgTVS−1) compared to June and September (238 ± 14 NLCH4 kgTVS−1). In general, the Tuscan OFMSW had a higher dry matter content (42%) than observed in previous studies. In conclusion, the result could direct possible future operators of anaerobic digestion plants towards the choice of dry and semi-dry technologies.
Isabella Pecorini; Elena Rossi; Renato Iannelli. Bromatological, Proximate and Ultimate Analysis of OFMSW for Different Seasons and Collection Systems. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2639 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Elena Rossi, Renato Iannelli. Bromatological, Proximate and Ultimate Analysis of OFMSW for Different Seasons and Collection Systems. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2639.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Elena Rossi; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Bromatological, Proximate and Ultimate Analysis of OFMSW for Different Seasons and Collection Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2639.
Two pilot-scale tests were carried out to assess if biodrying could be an effective process for the treatment of light fraction produced by an hydromechanical pre-treatment in an anaerobic digestion plant. The trials were performed using two pilot-scale stainless steel cylindrical reactors of 750 L capacity. Two tests were performed: in Test 1, only the light fraction was used; in Test 2, the light fraction was mixed with a bulking agent composed of garden and pruning waste. In Test 2, the highest temperature (71 °C) in a short time (8 days) was reached. An average water content reduction of 78% in Test 1 and 61% in Test 2 was measured, leading to similar reductions of weight (47–48%) and volume (27–29%). A high biological stability was measured on the final light fraction samples collected from both the tests. Furthermore, the lower heating value obtained after the biodrying treatment complies with the quality specification of the European standard on refuse-derived fuels.
Isabella Pecorini; Donata Bacchi; Renato Iannelli. Biodrying of the Light Fraction from Anaerobic Digestion Pretreatment in Order to Increase the Total Recovery Rate. Processes 2020, 8, 276 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Donata Bacchi, Renato Iannelli. Biodrying of the Light Fraction from Anaerobic Digestion Pretreatment in Order to Increase the Total Recovery Rate. Processes. 2020; 8 (3):276.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Donata Bacchi; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Biodrying of the Light Fraction from Anaerobic Digestion Pretreatment in Order to Increase the Total Recovery Rate." Processes 8, no. 3: 276.
With the aim of examining the forcing factors in postmanagement landfills, in this study, excavation waste from nonhazardous municipal waste landfill in Tuscany was characterized for the first time. The specific objective was to estimate the feasibility of sampling and analyzing the excavated waste in order to define its properties and provide information about possible landfill mining projects. Based on the biochemical methane potential assays, it was shown that the excavated waste had not yet been stabilized (i.e., with a production of 52.2 ± 28.7 NlCH4/kgTS) in the landfill, probably due to the low excavated waste moisture content (36% ± 6% w/w). Furthermore, excavated waste has a high calorific value, i.e., 15.2 ± 4.1 MJ/kg; the quantity of combustibles in the industrial shredder waste (16 MJ/kg) was rather modest compared to that of municipal solid waste (20.8 MJ/Kg). In conclusion, during large scale excavation of the landfill, it was possible to evaluate how a dedicated treatment plant could be designed to treat and select waste which might appear in a different category. For excavated industrial waste, detailed mechanical sorting may be convenient for end-of-waste recovery to improve calorific value.
Isabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. Characterization of Excavated Waste of Different Ages in View of Multiple Resource Recovery in Landfill Mining. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1780 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Renato Iannelli. Characterization of Excavated Waste of Different Ages in View of Multiple Resource Recovery in Landfill Mining. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (5):1780.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Renato Iannelli. 2020. "Characterization of Excavated Waste of Different Ages in View of Multiple Resource Recovery in Landfill Mining." Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1780.
Anaerobic digestion of biodegradable matrices is regarded as a confirmed technology for energy recovery through biogas and its use in heat and power plants. Based on that, bio-hydrogen production in a two-stage digestion process can be considered as an optimization of the process to improve its efficiency. In this study, a two-stage digestion system was assessed and compared to the conventional one-stage process in terms of energy savings. Primary Energy Saving was evaluated in relation to different biogas users, using as input data gas production coming from a pilot scale semi-continuous test. Splitting the process into two different phases was demonstrated to be functional for improving anaerobic performances with an enhancement in biogas production and methane content in the methanogenic reactor. Considering different feedstocks, the two-stage co-digestion process of a mixture of organic waste and wastewater sludge proves to be the most virtuous with regards to energy savings. In the two-stage co-digestion system with ICE as biogas user, energy savings increased by 57.7% compared to the one-stage configuration.
Elena Albini; Isabella Pecorini; Alessandro Bianchini; Giovanni Ferrara. Energy recovery from bio-fuel production through two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process. SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL SCIENCE, SMART STRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMSS-2019 2019, 2191, 020004 .
AMA StyleElena Albini, Isabella Pecorini, Alessandro Bianchini, Giovanni Ferrara. Energy recovery from bio-fuel production through two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process. SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL SCIENCE, SMART STRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMSS-2019. 2019; 2191 (1):020004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Albini; Isabella Pecorini; Alessandro Bianchini; Giovanni Ferrara. 2019. "Energy recovery from bio-fuel production through two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process." SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL SCIENCE, SMART STRUCTURES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMSS-2019 2191, no. 1: 020004.
This paper assessed the effect of dark fermentation, the fermentative phase in a two-stage anaerobic digestion system, in terms of digestate biostabilization efficiency. The digestates analyzed in this study were obtained from a pilot-scale system in which two different substrates were used in order to simulate both the digestion and co-digestion process. Biostabilization performances were evaluated by measuring the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of the outgoing digestates. This index allowed us to define the degree of effectiveness in terms of stabilization of organic matter, between the traditional anaerobic digestion process and the two-stage configuration. Considering the traditional process as a reference scenario, the results highlighted an increase in biological stability for the two-stage co-digestion process, consisting of a dark fermentation stage, followed by an anaerobic digestion one. Digestates biostabilization efficiency increased up from 6.5% to 40.6% from the traditional one-stage configuration to the two-stage one by improving the anaerobic digestion process through a preliminary fermentative stage. The advantages of the two-stage process were due to the role of dark fermentation as a biological pre-treatment. Considering the partial stability results related to the second stage, biological stability was improved in comparison to a single-stage process, reaching an efficiency of 42.2% and 55.8% for the digestion and co-digestion scenario respectively. The dark fermentation phase allowed for a higher hydrolysis of the substrate, making it more easily degradable in the second phase. Results demonstrated better biostabilization performances of the outgoing digestates with the introduction of dark fermentation, resulting in more stable digestates for both the digestion and co-digestion process.
Elena Albini; Isabella Pecorini; Giovanni Ferrara. Improvement of Digestate Stability Using Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion Processes. Energies 2019, 12, 3552 .
AMA StyleElena Albini, Isabella Pecorini, Giovanni Ferrara. Improvement of Digestate Stability Using Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion Processes. Energies. 2019; 12 (18):3552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Albini; Isabella Pecorini; Giovanni Ferrara. 2019. "Improvement of Digestate Stability Using Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion Processes." Energies 12, no. 18: 3552.
In this study, the co-digestion of food waste and activated sludge was evaluated in a two-stage anaerobic system and compared to the traditional single-stage process. The two-stage system was composed by two reactors connected in series able to perform the fermentative and the methanogenic phases separated. Experiments were carried out in semi-continuous mode under mesophilic conditions (37 °C). The two-stage technology achieved an overall improvement of the anaerobic performances. Results highlighted an increase in biogas production and volatile solids degradation of 26% and 9%, respectively. Considering the whole two-stage system, i.e. the sum of the biogas productions of the first and the second digester, these percentages increased up to 35.0%. Concerning gas quality, the two-stage system achieved a hydrogen rich biogas in the first fermentative reactor and an improvement of methane content in the second methanogenic digester. The average methane content shifted from 61.2% to 70.1%. The highest methane production of the two-stage process was due to improved substrate hydrolysis, with increased amounts of volatile fatty acids made readily available in the second stage.
F. Baldi; I. Pecorini; R. Iannelli. Comparison of single-stage and two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and activated sludge for hydrogen and methane production. Renewable Energy 2019, 143, 1755 -1765.
AMA StyleF. Baldi, I. Pecorini, R. Iannelli. Comparison of single-stage and two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and activated sludge for hydrogen and methane production. Renewable Energy. 2019; 143 ():1755-1765.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Baldi; I. Pecorini; R. Iannelli. 2019. "Comparison of single-stage and two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and activated sludge for hydrogen and methane production." Renewable Energy 143, no. : 1755-1765.
Two biological treatments for biodegradable substrates were assessed: (i) conventional co-digestion of source sorted organic fraction of municipal solid waste (SS-OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS); (ii) preliminary dark-fermentation pre-treatment of the mixture of SS-OFMSW and SS, followed by a second step of anaerobic digestion. The produced biogas and hydrogen-rich gas are assumed to be used in an internal combustion engine to produce electricity and thermal energy. Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing were implemented to assess the two biological treatments, which were also compared with the current treatments (separate aerobic composting of SS-OFMSW and anaerobic digestion of SS). The selected functional unit is the total annual amount of entering waste (189,000 t/y of SS-OFMSW and 15,500 t/y of SS) to an actual Italian plant, which was used as case study for this work. The Life Cycle Assessment results show that the co-treatments of SS and SS-OFMSW provide general environmental improvements with respect to the reference case study of separate SS anaerobic digestion and SS-OFMSW aerobic composting. The case based on the preliminary dark fermentation of the mixture of SS-OFMSW and SS followed by digestion always shows better indicator values than the co-digestion one. This result is mainly influenced by the higher energy recovery, which, in turn, is due to the improved specific gas production of the digestion step, after the co-fermentation pre-treatment. The Life Cycle Costing shows that both the studied systems are economically sustainable, however the case based on the preliminary dark fermentation of the mixture of SS-OFMSW and SS followed by digestion has a shorter time of return of investment and a higher net present value than the co-digestion one. For the considered study case, the preliminary dark-fermentation pre-treatment of the mixture of SS-OFMSW and SS, followed by a second step of anaerobic digestion is preferable to their simple co-digestion process both from the environmental and economic points of view.
G. Francini; L. Lombardi; Fausto Freire; Isabella Pecorini; P. Marques. Environmental and Cost Life Cycle Analysis of Different Recovery Processes of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2019, 10, 3613 -3634.
AMA StyleG. Francini, L. Lombardi, Fausto Freire, Isabella Pecorini, P. Marques. Environmental and Cost Life Cycle Analysis of Different Recovery Processes of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2019; 10 (12):3613-3634.
Chicago/Turabian StyleG. Francini; L. Lombardi; Fausto Freire; Isabella Pecorini; P. Marques. 2019. "Environmental and Cost Life Cycle Analysis of Different Recovery Processes of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge." Waste and Biomass Valorization 10, no. 12: 3613-3634.
Three different experimental sets of runs involving batch fermentation assays were performed to evaluate the influence of the experimental conditions on biological hydrogen production from the source-separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste collected through a door-to-door system. The fermentation process was operated with and without automatic pH control, at a pH of 5.5 and 6.5, food-to-microorganism ratios of 1/3 and 1/1 (wet weight basis) and with different working volumes (0.5 and 3 L). The experimental results showed that the pH control strategy and the reactor volume did not affect the final hydrogen production yield but played an important role in determining the time evolution of the process. Indeed, although the different experimental conditions tested yielded comparable hydrogen productions (with maximum average values ranging from 68.5 to 88.5 NLH2 (kgTVSOF)−1), the automatic pH control strategy improved the process from the kinetic viewpoint resulting in a t95 reduction from an average of 34.9 h without automatic pH control to an average of 19.5 h.
Francesco Baldi; Renato Iannelli; Isabella Pecorini; Alessandra Polettini; Raffaella Pomi; Andreina Rossi. Influence of the pH control strategy and reactor volume on batch fermentative hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 2019, 37, 478 -485.
AMA StyleFrancesco Baldi, Renato Iannelli, Isabella Pecorini, Alessandra Polettini, Raffaella Pomi, Andreina Rossi. Influence of the pH control strategy and reactor volume on batch fermentative hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy. 2019; 37 (5):478-485.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Baldi; Renato Iannelli; Isabella Pecorini; Alessandra Polettini; Raffaella Pomi; Andreina Rossi. 2019. "Influence of the pH control strategy and reactor volume on batch fermentative hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 5: 478-485.
Four inocula collected from different operating facilities were tested in their hydrogenic performances by means of two biochemical hydrogen potential test set-ups using sucrose and food waste as substrates, with the aim of evaluating the influence of inoculum media in batch fermentative assays. The selected inocula were: activated sludge collected from the aerobic unit of a municipal wastewater treatment plant, digested sludge from an anaerobic reactor treating organic waste and cattle manure, digested sludge from an anaerobic reactor treating agroindustrial residues, and digested sludge from an anaerobic reactor of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Test results, in terms of specific hydrogen production, hydrogen conversion efficiency, and volatile solids removal efficiency, were significantly dependent on the type of inoculum. Statistical analysis showed different results, indicating that findings were due to the different inocula used in the tests. In particular, assays performed with activated sludge showed the highest performances for both substrates and both experimental set-ups.
Isabella Pecorini; Francesco Baldi; Renato Iannelli. Biochemical Hydrogen Potential Tests Using Different Inocula. Sustainability 2019, 11, 622 .
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Francesco Baldi, Renato Iannelli. Biochemical Hydrogen Potential Tests Using Different Inocula. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (3):622.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Francesco Baldi; Renato Iannelli. 2019. "Biochemical Hydrogen Potential Tests Using Different Inocula." Sustainability 11, no. 3: 622.
Anaerobic digestion of biodegradable substrates is a proven biological-based technology that recovers energy in the form of biogas for use in combined heat and power plants. In this respect, hydrogen production during the acidogenic phase can improve process efficiency. The purpose of this study is to evaluate energy recovery from the production of hydrogen and methane by using food waste as substrate. The primary energy saving obtained by different users of biogas was calculated considering the specific gas production evaluated through pilot tests carried out in semi-continuous mode. The physical separation of the traditional anaerobic digestion in two-phase anaerobic process was demonstrated to be beneficial for the methanogenic phase in terms of gas production increase but not efficient in terms of overall energy performance. Although specific methane production increased in semi-continuous mode respect to batch tests, H2 production decreased and hydrogen concentration dropped from 45% to 22.9%. Therefore, bio-hydrogen production in semi-continuous conditions results to be not sufficient to balance out adding energy consumption due to heating of dark fermentation digester.
I. Pecorini; D. Bacchi; E. Albini; F. Baldi; R. Iannelli; G. Ferrara. Evaluation of food waste energy content through bio-fuels production. Energy Procedia 2018, 148, 1018 -1025.
AMA StyleI. Pecorini, D. Bacchi, E. Albini, F. Baldi, R. Iannelli, G. Ferrara. Evaluation of food waste energy content through bio-fuels production. Energy Procedia. 2018; 148 ():1018-1025.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Pecorini; D. Bacchi; E. Albini; F. Baldi; R. Iannelli; G. Ferrara. 2018. "Evaluation of food waste energy content through bio-fuels production." Energy Procedia 148, no. : 1018-1025.
The reduction of landfill gas emissions is a central issue of the Directive 99/31/EC. Biofilters and biocovers have been identified as an alternative and cost-effective technologies to mitigate impacts due to CH4 and NMVOCs emissions. The Life Cycle Assessment demonstrates the environmental sustainability of biofiltration systems, with the aim of improving the environmental impact indicators such as Global Warming (-10.75% for Biofilter and -11.60% for Biocover) and Photochemical oxidation (-7.97% for Biofilter and -8.61%. for Biocover). This paper shows that these treatment technologies are effective for methane oxidation when the calorific value of the LFG is low, thus they maximize the amount of treated gas during the after-care phase.
Donata Bacchi; Riccardo Bacci; Giovanni Ferrara; Lidia Lombardi; Isabella Pecorini; Elena Rossi. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of landfill gas management: comparison between conventional technologies and microbial oxidation systems. Energy Procedia 2018, 148, 1066 -1073.
AMA StyleDonata Bacchi, Riccardo Bacci, Giovanni Ferrara, Lidia Lombardi, Isabella Pecorini, Elena Rossi. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of landfill gas management: comparison between conventional technologies and microbial oxidation systems. Energy Procedia. 2018; 148 ():1066-1073.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDonata Bacchi; Riccardo Bacci; Giovanni Ferrara; Lidia Lombardi; Isabella Pecorini; Elena Rossi. 2018. "Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of landfill gas management: comparison between conventional technologies and microbial oxidation systems." Energy Procedia 148, no. : 1066-1073.
Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge generally produces an amount of biogas that is not enough to cover the energy requirements of the digester. One possibility to increase the biogas production is to co-digest, together with sewage sludge, other substrates, for istance the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Alternatively, a preliminary step of dark co-fermentation of those mixed substrates can be applied. In this work, such possible cases are compared by Life Cycle Assessment approach. The study was carried out with reference to the Viareggio wastewater treatment plant, Italy. Anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste emerges as the best treatment option in terms of environmental impacts. However, also dark co-fermentation presents, albeit less, benefits and a reduction in environmental burdens. The robustness of the results is explored by the sensitivity analysis with respect to the effective thermal energy use.
Elena Albini; Donata Bacchi; Giovanni Ferrara; Giovanni Francini; Giovanni Galoppi; Lidia Lombardi; Isabella Pecorini; Caterina Susini. Bioenergy recovery from waste: comparison of different treatment scenarios by LCA. Energy Procedia 2018, 148, 34 -41.
AMA StyleElena Albini, Donata Bacchi, Giovanni Ferrara, Giovanni Francini, Giovanni Galoppi, Lidia Lombardi, Isabella Pecorini, Caterina Susini. Bioenergy recovery from waste: comparison of different treatment scenarios by LCA. Energy Procedia. 2018; 148 ():34-41.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Albini; Donata Bacchi; Giovanni Ferrara; Giovanni Francini; Giovanni Galoppi; Lidia Lombardi; Isabella Pecorini; Caterina Susini. 2018. "Bioenergy recovery from waste: comparison of different treatment scenarios by LCA." Energy Procedia 148, no. : 34-41.
Isabella Pecorini; Lorenzo Ferrari; Francesco Baldi; Elena Albini; Giovanni Galoppi; Donata Bacchi; Francesco Vizza; Lidia Lombardi; Carlo Carcasci; Giovanni Ferrara; Ennio Antonio Carnevale. Energy recovery from fermentative biohydrogen production of biowaste: a case study based analysis. Energy Procedia 2017, 126, 605 -612.
AMA StyleIsabella Pecorini, Lorenzo Ferrari, Francesco Baldi, Elena Albini, Giovanni Galoppi, Donata Bacchi, Francesco Vizza, Lidia Lombardi, Carlo Carcasci, Giovanni Ferrara, Ennio Antonio Carnevale. Energy recovery from fermentative biohydrogen production of biowaste: a case study based analysis. Energy Procedia. 2017; 126 ():605-612.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabella Pecorini; Lorenzo Ferrari; Francesco Baldi; Elena Albini; Giovanni Galoppi; Donata Bacchi; Francesco Vizza; Lidia Lombardi; Carlo Carcasci; Giovanni Ferrara; Ennio Antonio Carnevale. 2017. "Energy recovery from fermentative biohydrogen production of biowaste: a case study based analysis." Energy Procedia 126, no. : 605-612.