This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Neurogranin (Ng) is a brain-specific postsynaptic protein, whose role in modulating Ca2+/calmodulin signaling in glutamatergic neurons has been linked to enhancement in synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions. Accordingly, Ng knock-out (Ng-ko) mice display hippocampal-dependent learning and memory impairments associated with a deficit in long-term potentiation induction. In the adult olfactory bulb (OB), Ng is expressed by a large population of GABAergic granule cells (GCs) that are continuously generated during adult life, undergo high synaptic remodeling in response to the sensory context, and play a key role in odor processing. However, the possible implication of Ng in OB plasticity and function is yet to be investigated. Here, we show that Ng expression in the OB is associated with the mature state of adult-born GCs, where its active-phosphorylated form is concentrated at post-synaptic sites. Constitutive loss of Ng in Ng-ko mice resulted in defective spine density in adult-born GCs, while their survival remained unaltered. Moreover, Ng-ko mice show an impaired odor-reward associative memory coupled with reduced expression of the activity-dependent transcription factor Zif268 in olfactory GCs. Overall, our data support a role for Ng in the molecular mechanisms underlying GC plasticity and the formation of olfactory associative memory.
Simona Gribaudo; Daniele Saraulli; Giulia Nato; Sara Bonzano; Giovanna Gambarotta; Federico Luzzati; Marco Costanzi; Paolo Peretto; Serena Bovetti; Silvia De Marchis. Neurogranin Regulates Adult-Born Olfactory Granule Cell Spine Density and Odor-Reward Associative Memory in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 4269 .
AMA StyleSimona Gribaudo, Daniele Saraulli, Giulia Nato, Sara Bonzano, Giovanna Gambarotta, Federico Luzzati, Marco Costanzi, Paolo Peretto, Serena Bovetti, Silvia De Marchis. Neurogranin Regulates Adult-Born Olfactory Granule Cell Spine Density and Odor-Reward Associative Memory in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (8):4269.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimona Gribaudo; Daniele Saraulli; Giulia Nato; Sara Bonzano; Giovanna Gambarotta; Federico Luzzati; Marco Costanzi; Paolo Peretto; Serena Bovetti; Silvia De Marchis. 2021. "Neurogranin Regulates Adult-Born Olfactory Granule Cell Spine Density and Odor-Reward Associative Memory in Mice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 4269.
Intrusive memories are a common feature of many psychopathologies, and suppression-induced forgetting of unwanted memories appears as a critical ability to preserve mental health. In recent years, biological and cognitive studies converged in revealing that forgetting is due to active processes. Recent neurobiological studies provide evidence on the active role of main neurotransmitter systems in forgetting, suggesting that the brain actively works to suppress retrieval of unwanted memories. On the cognitive side, there is evidence that voluntary and involuntary processes (here termed “intentional” and “incidental” forgetting, respectively) contribute to active forgetting. In intentional forgetting, an inhibitory control mechanism suppresses awareness of unwanted memories at encoding or retrieval. In incidental forgetting, retrieval practice of some memories involuntarily suppresses the retrieval of other related memories. In this review we describe recent findings on deficits in active forgetting observed in psychopathologies, like post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Moreover, we report studies in which the role of neurotransmitter systems, known to be involved in the pathogenesis of mental disorders, has been investigated in active forgetting paradigms. The possibility that biological and cognitive mechanisms of active forgetting could be considered as hallmarks of the early onset of psychopathologies is also discussed.
Marco Costanzi; Beatrice Cianfanelli; Alessandro Santirocchi; Stefano Lasaponara; Pietro Spataro; Clelia Rossi-Arnaud; Vincenzo Cestari. Forgetting Unwanted Memories: Active Forgetting and Implications for the Development of Psychological Disorders. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2021, 11, 241 .
AMA StyleMarco Costanzi, Beatrice Cianfanelli, Alessandro Santirocchi, Stefano Lasaponara, Pietro Spataro, Clelia Rossi-Arnaud, Vincenzo Cestari. Forgetting Unwanted Memories: Active Forgetting and Implications for the Development of Psychological Disorders. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11 (4):241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Costanzi; Beatrice Cianfanelli; Alessandro Santirocchi; Stefano Lasaponara; Pietro Spataro; Clelia Rossi-Arnaud; Vincenzo Cestari. 2021. "Forgetting Unwanted Memories: Active Forgetting and Implications for the Development of Psychological Disorders." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 4: 241.
In the Attentional Boost Effect (ABE), stimuli encoded with to-be-responded targets are later recognized more accurately than stimuli encoded with to-be-ignored distractors. While this effect is robust in young adults, evidence regarding healthy older adults and clinical populations is sparse. The present study investigated whether a significant ABE is present in bipolar patients (BP), who, even in the euthymic phase, suffer from attentional deficits, and whether the effect is modulated by age. Young and adult euthymic BP and healthy controls (HC) presented with a sequence of pictures paired with target or distractor squares were asked to pay attention to the pictures and press the spacebar when a target square appeared. After a 15-min interval, their memory of the pictures was tested in a recognition task. The performance in the detection task was lower in BP than in HC, in both age groups. More importantly, neither young nor adult BP exhibited a significant ABE; for HC, a robust ABE was only found in young participants. The results suggest that the increase in the attentional demands of the detection task in BP and in adult HC draws resources away from the encoding of target-associated stimuli, resulting in elimination of the ABE. Clinical implications are discussed.
Giulia Bechi Gabrielli; Clelia Rossi-Arnaud; Pietro Spataro; Fabrizio Doricchi; Marco Costanzi; Alessandro Santirocchi; Gloria Angeletti; Gabriele Sani; Vincenzo Cestari. The Attentional Boost Effect in Young and Adult Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Healthy Controls. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2021, 11, 185 .
AMA StyleGiulia Bechi Gabrielli, Clelia Rossi-Arnaud, Pietro Spataro, Fabrizio Doricchi, Marco Costanzi, Alessandro Santirocchi, Gloria Angeletti, Gabriele Sani, Vincenzo Cestari. The Attentional Boost Effect in Young and Adult Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Healthy Controls. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11 (3):185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Bechi Gabrielli; Clelia Rossi-Arnaud; Pietro Spataro; Fabrizio Doricchi; Marco Costanzi; Alessandro Santirocchi; Gloria Angeletti; Gabriele Sani; Vincenzo Cestari. 2021. "The Attentional Boost Effect in Young and Adult Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Healthy Controls." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 3: 185.
Remembering places in which emotional events occur is essential for individual’s survival. However, the mechanisms through which emotions modulate information processing in working memory, especially in the visuo-spatial domain, is little understood and controversial. The present research was aimed at investigating the effect of incidentally learned emotional stimuli on visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM) performance by using a modified version of the object-location task. Eight black rectangles appeared simultaneously on a computer screen; this was immediately followed by the sequential presentation of eight pictures (selected from IAPS) superimposed onto each rectangle. Pictures were selected considering the two main dimensions of emotions: valence and arousal. Immediately after presentation, participants had to relocate the rectangles in the original position as accurately as possible. In the first experiment arousal and valence were manipulated either as between-subject (Experiment 1A) or as within-subject factors (Experiment 1B and 1C). Results showed that negative pictures enhanced memory for object location only when they were presented with neutral ones within the same encoding trial. This enhancing effect of emotion on memory for object location was replicated also with positive pictures. In Experiment 2 the arousal level of negative pictures was manipulated between-subjects (high vs. low) while maintaining valence as a within-subject factor (negative vs. neutral). Objects associated with negative pictures were better relocated, independently of arousal. In Experiment 3 the role of emotional valence was further ascertained by manipulating valence as a within-subject factor (neutral vs. negative in Experiment 3A; neutral vs. positive in Experiment 3B) and maintaining similar levels of arousal among pictures. A significant effect of valence on memory for location was observed in both experiments. Finally, in Experiment 4, when positive and negative pictures were encoded in the same trial, no significant effect of valence on memory for object location was observed. Taken together results suggest that emotions enhance spatial memory performance when neutral and emotional stimuli compete with one another for access into the working memory system. In this competitive mechanism, an interplay between valence and arousal seems to be at work.
Marco Costanzi; Beatrice Cianfanelli; Daniele Saraulli; Stefano Lasaponara; Fabrizio Doricchi; Vincenzo Cestari; Clelia Rossi-Arnaud. The Effect of Emotional Valence and Arousal on Visuo-Spatial Working Memory: Incidental Emotional Learning and Memory for Object-Location. Frontiers in Psychology 2019, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleMarco Costanzi, Beatrice Cianfanelli, Daniele Saraulli, Stefano Lasaponara, Fabrizio Doricchi, Vincenzo Cestari, Clelia Rossi-Arnaud. The Effect of Emotional Valence and Arousal on Visuo-Spatial Working Memory: Incidental Emotional Learning and Memory for Object-Location. Frontiers in Psychology. 2019; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Costanzi; Beatrice Cianfanelli; Daniele Saraulli; Stefano Lasaponara; Fabrizio Doricchi; Vincenzo Cestari; Clelia Rossi-Arnaud. 2019. "The Effect of Emotional Valence and Arousal on Visuo-Spatial Working Memory: Incidental Emotional Learning and Memory for Object-Location." Frontiers in Psychology 10, no. : 1.
The psychology of sustainability and sustainable development aims to study the personal characteristics that promote effective and sustainable well-being for individuals and environments from a psychological research perspective. According to the self-determination theory, the psychological need for relatedness is positively associated with happiness and flourishing. In turn, emotional intelligence, i.e., understanding and managing one’s own emotions and recognizing others’ emotions, may play a key role in this association. Therefore, the present study investigates the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between need for relatedness and both happiness and flourishing. Basic Psychological Needs scales (BPNs), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), Flourishing Scale, and Happiness Scale were administered to 216 Italian participants (age range 15–66 years old). A mediation model via a structural equation model for path analysis was tested. The results showed that the psychological need for relatedness positively associated with both happiness and flourishing and that emotional intelligence mediated these associations. These results suggest that important interventions may be performed to promote flourishing and happiness, enhancing emotional intelligence through specific training differently from need for relatedness that, instead, can be considered substantially stable.
Antonino Callea; Dalila De Rosa; Giovanni Ferri; Francesca Lipari; Marco Costanzi. Are More Intelligent People Happier? Emotional Intelligence as Mediator between Need for Relatedness, Happiness and Flourishing. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1022 .
AMA StyleAntonino Callea, Dalila De Rosa, Giovanni Ferri, Francesca Lipari, Marco Costanzi. Are More Intelligent People Happier? Emotional Intelligence as Mediator between Need for Relatedness, Happiness and Flourishing. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (4):1022.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonino Callea; Dalila De Rosa; Giovanni Ferri; Francesca Lipari; Marco Costanzi. 2019. "Are More Intelligent People Happier? Emotional Intelligence as Mediator between Need for Relatedness, Happiness and Flourishing." Sustainability 11, no. 4: 1022.
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone are neurogenic niches where the production of new neurons from glia-like stem cells continues throughout adult life. It is not clear whether the pool of stem cells is fated to be exhausted or is conserved until old age. We observed that the antiproliferative gene Btg1 maintains the quiescence of stem cells, and its ablation causes an increase of stem/progenitor cells proliferation in neonatal mice followed by progressive loss of proliferation during adulthood. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant, which exerts a powerful neurogenic effect on dentate gyrus progenitor cells, but is ineffective on stem cells. Here we show that adult dentate gyrus stem cells in the Btg1 knockout mice, with reduced self-renewal and proliferative capability, can be reactivated by fluoxetine, which increases their number greatly above the level of control or fluoxetine-treated wild-type mice. The increase of mitotic index above wild-type in Btg1 knockout fluoxetine-treated stem cells indicates that fluoxetine forces quiescent stem cells to enter the cycle. Stem cell proliferation undergoes continuous reactivation until fluoxetine is administered. Remarkably, fluoxetine reactivates proliferation-defective stem cells also in aged Btg1 knockout mice (15-month-old), an effect absent in wild-type aged mice. Moreover, overexpression of Sox2 retrovirally transduced in Btg1 knockout dentate gyrus cells significantly increases the number of neuroblasts, indicating that Sox2 is able to promote the self-renewal of proliferation-defective stem cells. Overall, the deletion of an antiproliferative gene, such as Btg1, reveals that dentate gyrus stem cells retain a hidden plasticity for self-renewal also in old age, in agreement with a model of permanent self-renewal.
Laura Micheli; Manuela Ceccarelli; Giorgio D'Andrea; Marco Costanzi; Giacomo Giacovazzo; Roberto Coccurello; Carla Caruso; Felice Tirone. Fluoxetine or Sox2 reactivate proliferation-defective stem and progenitor cells of the adult and aged dentate gyrus. Neuropharmacology 2018, 141, 316 -330.
AMA StyleLaura Micheli, Manuela Ceccarelli, Giorgio D'Andrea, Marco Costanzi, Giacomo Giacovazzo, Roberto Coccurello, Carla Caruso, Felice Tirone. Fluoxetine or Sox2 reactivate proliferation-defective stem and progenitor cells of the adult and aged dentate gyrus. Neuropharmacology. 2018; 141 ():316-330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura Micheli; Manuela Ceccarelli; Giorgio D'Andrea; Marco Costanzi; Giacomo Giacovazzo; Roberto Coccurello; Carla Caruso; Felice Tirone. 2018. "Fluoxetine or Sox2 reactivate proliferation-defective stem and progenitor cells of the adult and aged dentate gyrus." Neuropharmacology 141, no. : 316-330.
Bone Morphogenic Proteins (BMPs) and the Notch pathway regulate quiescence and self-renewal of stem cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ), an adult neurogenic niche. Here we analyze the role at the intersection of these pathways of Tis21 (Btg2), a gene regulating proliferation and differentiation of adult SVZ stem and progenitor cells.In Tis21-null SVZ and cultured neurospheres, we observed a strong decrease in the expression of BMP4 and its effectors Smad1/8, while the Notch antineural mediators Hes1/5 and the bHLH inhibitors Id1-3 increased. Consistently, expression of the proneural bHLH gene NeuroD1 decreased. Moreover, cyclins D1/2, A2 and E were strongly up-regulated. Thus, in the SVZ Tis21 activates the BMP pathway and inhibits the Notch pathway and the cell cycle. Correspondingly, the Tis21-null SVZ stem cells greatly increased; nonetheless, the proliferating neuroblasts diminished, whereas the postmitotic neuroblasts paradoxically accumulated in SVZ, failing to migrate along the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb. The ability, however, of neuroblasts to migrate from SVZ explants was not affected, suggesting that Tis21-null neuroblasts do not migrate to the olfactory bulb because of a defect in terminal differentiation. Notably, BMP4 addition or Id3 silencing rescued the defective differentiation observed in Tis21-null neurospheres, indicating that they mediate the Tis21 pro-differentiative action.The reduced number of granule neurons in the Tis21-null olfactory bulb led to a defect in olfactory detection threshold, without effect on olfactory memory, also suggesting that within olfactory circuits new granule neurons play a primary role in odor sensitivity rather than in memory.
Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli; Manuela Ceccarelli; Daniele Saraulli; Laura Micheli; Sara Cannas; Francesca D’Alessandro; Raffaella Scardigli; Luca Leonardi; Irene Cinà; Marco Costanzi; Andrea Mattera; Vincenzo Cestari; Felice Tirone; Francesca D'alessandro. Tis21 is required for adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and for olfactory behavior regulating cyclins, BMP4, Hes1/5 and Ids. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 2014, 8, 1 .
AMA StyleStefano Farioli-Vecchioli, Manuela Ceccarelli, Daniele Saraulli, Laura Micheli, Sara Cannas, Francesca D’Alessandro, Raffaella Scardigli, Luca Leonardi, Irene Cinà, Marco Costanzi, Andrea Mattera, Vincenzo Cestari, Felice Tirone, Francesca D'alessandro. Tis21 is required for adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and for olfactory behavior regulating cyclins, BMP4, Hes1/5 and Ids. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 2014; 8 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Farioli-Vecchioli; Manuela Ceccarelli; Daniele Saraulli; Laura Micheli; Sara Cannas; Francesca D’Alessandro; Raffaella Scardigli; Luca Leonardi; Irene Cinà; Marco Costanzi; Andrea Mattera; Vincenzo Cestari; Felice Tirone; Francesca D'alessandro. 2014. "Tis21 is required for adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and for olfactory behavior regulating cyclins, BMP4, Hes1/5 and Ids." Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 8, no. : 1.