Issues of oil spills in various locations worldwide have been widely published in several studies. However, studies on policy management and strategies for handling cases related to oil spills are still limited. As one of the largest oil-producing countries with international shipping traffic, Indonesia is vulnerable to oil spills. Therefore, by drawing upon evidence from Bintan Island, this study aims to provide recommendations for stakeholders concerning governance and policy to address the oil spill case, which has had adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion, observation, actual online news, and official government reports using a case study approach. The result indicates that the local government is slow in responding to Bintan Island’s reoccurring yearly oil spillage. Policy responses are still focused on repressive and conventional methods. Hence, preventive and multi-stakeholder governance is required to handle oil spills. Furthermore, this study provides an overview of the oil spill problem and its management strategy in developing countries, especially Indonesia.

Most of the cities of Bengkulu are coastal areas (71.87%) under substantial pressure due to infrastructure development. This condition has affected the mangrove ecosystem and ecological degradation and has induced abrasion. In this study, we aimed to analyze the existing conditions of the mangrove ecosystems in the city of Bengkulu, particularly the composition and distribution of the mangrove species and the determination of the water quality. We collected vegetation data using exploratory methods and direct observation at 13 research sites. We measured the water quality in situ in terms of the temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) at the sites, performed a vegetation analysis, and analyzed the turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDSs), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, nitrite content, ammonia, and phosphate concentrations ex situ in the laboratory. We found 52 vegetation species in the research sites, which included 11 true mangrove species, 9 associated mangrove species, and 31 coastal and land flora. A total of 24 species are categorized under the least-concern (LC) category of the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List, and one species is in the data-deficient (DD) category. We categorized the water quality of the mangrove ecosystems in the city of Bengkulu as relatively good, with all the parameters below the national water quality threshold, except for the nitrite concentration in the Bengkulu River estuary. Proper management needs to be developed for the conservation and restoration of mangrove ecosystems to sustain their functions.

ABSTRAK Kebijakan tentang pengelolaan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia mengalami perubahan dengan dikeluarkannya Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Keluarnya Undang-undang ini adalah karena dirasakan kerusakan lingkungan makin menjadi, sehingga perlu dikeluarkan sebuah kebijakan yang tidak hanya mengharuskan pengelolaan lingkungan akan tetapi juga perlindungan terhadap lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) mengetahui tentang kebijakan lingkungan kawasan karst Kendeng Utara di Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah; (2) mengetahui pengelolaan lingkungan di kawasan karst Kendeng Utara, Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan lokasi penelitian khususnya di Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, karena di wilayah ini terutama terjadi pertentangan kepentingan terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan di kawasan karst Kendeng Utara. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah: (1) Kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan karst di Kecamatan Sukolilo terwujud dalam Peraturan Menteri dan Keputusan Gubernur Jawa Tengah, terkait dengan karakteristik geografis. (2) Pengelolaan lingkungan memenuhi tiga unsur POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating) yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini. Rekomendasinya adalah : (1) Kebijakan kawasan karst sebaiknya mempertimbangkan keunikan keunikan kawasan karst, kondisi sosial ekonomi sebagian masyarakat yang masih bersifat tradisional, dan dukungan publik perlu digalang oleh pemerintah untuk dilakukannya pembangunan yang seharusnya menguntungkan semua pihak, dan mengacu pada pembangunan berkelanjutan; (2) Pengelolaan lingkungan: (a) Planning/Perencanaan: pembangunan berkelanjutan seharusnya dikedepankan, dengan menekankan pada terwujudnya pembangunan sosial dimana peranserta dan keadilan menjadi bagian penting dalam pembangunan; (b) Organizing/Pengorganisasian: kepentingan yang bersinggungan dalam pengelolaan kawasan karst antara pemerintah, swasta, dan masyarakat, yang seharusnya dilakukan dengan mengedepankan win-win solution, misalnya dengan pelaksanaan zonasi; (c) Actuating/Pelaksanaan: harus dimunculkan pelaksanaan optimatisasi pemanfaatan sumberdaya alam secara efisien, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan, sekiranya pabrik semen jadi didirikan di wilayah Sukolilo. Kata kunci: kebijakan, lingkungan, kawasan karst, Kendeng Utara

Saminist or Sedulur Sikep is an indigenous people or local community at Kendeng Mountains Sukolilo, Pati. Sedulur Sikep community expected North Kendeng Mountains maintained and conserved continuity to be able to contribute to the local community whom majority earned living as traditional farmers. Sedulur Sikep concerned to the destruction of North Kendeng Mountains caused of illegal mining and illegal logging which effected directly to local community such as flood, landslide and others disaster. This paper aim to analyze the Sedulur Sikep’s environmental wisdom to conserve North Kendeng Mountain from destruction of illegal logging, illegal mining and the plans of construction of a cement industries in the North Kendeng Mountains region in Sukolilo, Kayen and Tambakromo. This study is the descriptive qualitative research, the data in this study were obtained from observation, in-depth interviews, discussions, and data reports. The results of this study show that environmental wisdom of Sedulur Sikep means of living harmony to North Kendeng Mountain. Sedulur Sikep have been having environmental wisdom which able to reject the constructing a cement industries in North Kendeng Mountain. The success of Sedulur Sikep conserved Kendeng Mountains supported by the holding firm of their environmental wisdom means living harmony to nature around.

Mangroves are crucial ecosystems that provide significant ecological, economic, and social benefits, including coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity support. However, their long-term survival is increasingly threatened by human activities, climate change, and ineffective governance. This study aims to identify major trends, thematic clusters, influential publications, and emerging issues in mangrove research. Through PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, a total of 210 published between 1190 and 2025 peer-reviewed articles was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric methods to uncover research patterns and gaps. Visualization tools such as VOSViewer and the Biblioshiny R package were employed to map key concerns in mangrove management. The results indicate a steady increase in mangrove-related research, driven by the growing urgency of climate change and environmental degradation. Research is largely dominated by institutions and countries with extensive mangrove distributions. Eight primary research clusters were identified, including Coastal Zone Management, Environmental Policy, Degradation, Remote Sensing, Co-Management, and Community Participation. The findings underscore the urgent need for coordinated, multidisciplinary approaches to mangrove management that integrate ecological conservation with socio-economic dimensions. This study offers a comprehensive roadmap for future research, emphasizing areas such as socio-ecological resilience, innovative governance models, and the integration of local knowledge into policy-making.