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Dr. Yuri Borgianni
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen, Italy

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Eco-design
0 Design for Additive Manufacturing
0 Systematic methods for problem-solving
0 Value innovation
0 Ideation within engineering design

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Review
Published: 29 July 2021 in Applied Sciences
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The term User Experience (UX) was introduced to define the dynamics of the human-product interaction, and it was thought that design would have been a main recipient of UX research. However, it can be claimed that the outcomes of UX studies were not seamlessly transferred into design research and practice. Among the possible reasons, this paper addresses the fragmentary knowledge ascribable to the field of UX. The authors reviewed the literature analyzing the conceptual contributions that interpret UX, proposing definitions and/or a theoretical framework. This allowed the authors to provide an overview of recurring elements of UX, highlighting their relationships and affecting factors. This research aims to clarify the overall understanding of UX, along with its key components (the user, interaction, the system, and context) and dimensions (ergonomic, affective, and the cognitive experiences). The authors built a semantic construction inspired by the structure of a grammatical sentence to highlight the relationship between those components. Therefore, UX is defined by a subject/user who performs an action-interaction towards an object-system. A complement-context better defines the condition(s) where the action-interaction takes place. This work is expected to lay the foundations for the understanding of approaches and methods employed in UX studies, especially in design.

ACS Style

Aurora Berni; Yuri Borgianni. Making Order in User Experience Research to Support Its Application in Design and Beyond. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6981 .

AMA Style

Aurora Berni, Yuri Borgianni. Making Order in User Experience Research to Support Its Application in Design and Beyond. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):6981.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aurora Berni; Yuri Borgianni. 2021. "Making Order in User Experience Research to Support Its Application in Design and Beyond." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 6981.

Article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Proceedings of the Design Society
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The paper investigates to what extent the knowledge accumulated in the field of Bio-Inspired Design might benefit the process of biologicalisation in manufacturing. According to visions making inroads in the manufacturing field, the latter will not be limited to the consideration and the analysis of biological principles as a source of inspiration for solving technical and organizational problems. In fact, the process of biologicalisation in manufacturing foresees the development of bio-integrated and bio-intelligent systems. In light of these expected developments, Bio-Inspired Design’s might fail to support the whole transition to take place in the manufacturing field. Methodological limitations still to overcome represent an important barrier in this perspective too. While a transfer of knowledge from the design to the manufacturing domain seems unlikely, the authors individuate aspects that encourage cross-fertilization between Bio-Inspired Design and biologicalisation in manufacturing. These include the need to include biologists in engineering teams, the objective of sustainable development, and a shared attention to the evolution of (Design for) Additive Manufacturing.

ACS Style

Helena Hashemi Farzaneh; Yuri Borgianni; David Forti; Erwin Rauch. A SPECULATION ON THE POTENTIAL SUPPORT OF BIO-INSPIRED DESIGN TO BIOLOGICALISATION IN MANUFACTURING. Proceedings of the Design Society 2021, 1, 221 -230.

AMA Style

Helena Hashemi Farzaneh, Yuri Borgianni, David Forti, Erwin Rauch. A SPECULATION ON THE POTENTIAL SUPPORT OF BIO-INSPIRED DESIGN TO BIOLOGICALISATION IN MANUFACTURING. Proceedings of the Design Society. 2021; 1 ():221-230.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helena Hashemi Farzaneh; Yuri Borgianni; David Forti; Erwin Rauch. 2021. "A SPECULATION ON THE POTENTIAL SUPPORT OF BIO-INSPIRED DESIGN TO BIOLOGICALISATION IN MANUFACTURING." Proceedings of the Design Society 1, no. : 221-230.

Article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Proceedings of the Design Society
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The concept of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) is gaining popularity along with AM, despite its scopes are not well established. In particular, in the last few years, DfAM methods have been intuitively subdivided into opportunistic and restrictive. This distinction is gaining traction despite a lack of formalization. In this context, the paper investigates experts' understanding of DfAM. In particular, the authors have targeted educators, as the perception of DfAM scopes in the future will likely depend on teachers' view. A bespoke survey has been launched, which has been answer by 100 worldwide-distributed respondents. The gathered data has undergone several analyses, markedly answers to open questions asking for individual definitions of DfAM, and evaluations of the pertinence of meanings and acceptations from the literature. The results show that the main DfAM aspects focused on by first standardization attempts have been targeted, especially products, processes, opportunities and constraints. Beyond opportunistic and restrictive nuances, DfAM different understandings are characterized by different extents of cognitive endeavor, convergence vs. divergence in the design process, theoretical vs. hands on approaches.

ACS Style

Aurora Berni; Yuri Borgianni; Martins Obi; Patrick Pradel; Richard Bibb. INVESTIGATING PERCEIVED MEANINGS AND SCOPES OF DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING. Proceedings of the Design Society 2021, 1, 1937 -1946.

AMA Style

Aurora Berni, Yuri Borgianni, Martins Obi, Patrick Pradel, Richard Bibb. INVESTIGATING PERCEIVED MEANINGS AND SCOPES OF DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING. Proceedings of the Design Society. 2021; 1 ():1937-1946.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aurora Berni; Yuri Borgianni; Martins Obi; Patrick Pradel; Richard Bibb. 2021. "INVESTIGATING PERCEIVED MEANINGS AND SCOPES OF DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING." Proceedings of the Design Society 1, no. : 1937-1946.

Research article
Published: 04 June 2021 in Design Science
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Although TRIZ is widely acknowledged as a powerful aid to improve efficacy and efficiency of the creative design process, practitioners diffusedly experience difficulties in the selection of the most suitable tool. Such an issue represents a severe limitation in consideration of the large number of tools TRIZ offers. Here, Inventive Principles (IPs) are acknowledged as the most popular TRIZ technique, and their conjointly use with the Contradiction Matrix makes the selection of the appropriate IP a sufficiently supported task. However, the reliability of the Contradiction Matrix is often questioned and an agreement on a solid and reliable procedure for the selection of IPs is far from being reached. In such a context, the paper investigates the recurrence of IPs to solve contradictions, with reference to a classification framework that takes into consideration the nature of the problem to be solved and the technical-scientific domain it belongs to. The outcomes of the analysis reveal that leveraged IPs are considerably related with the technical-scientific domain and the nature of the problem to be solved. The found relationships are worth delving into and translating into selection guidelines.

ACS Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Fiorineschi; Francesco Saverio Frillici; Federico Rotini. The process for individuating TRIZ Inventive Principles: deterministic, stochastic or domain-oriented? Design Science 2021, 7, 1 .

AMA Style

Yuri Borgianni, Lorenzo Fiorineschi, Francesco Saverio Frillici, Federico Rotini. The process for individuating TRIZ Inventive Principles: deterministic, stochastic or domain-oriented? Design Science. 2021; 7 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Fiorineschi; Francesco Saverio Frillici; Federico Rotini. 2021. "The process for individuating TRIZ Inventive Principles: deterministic, stochastic or domain-oriented?" Design Science 7, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2021 in Metals
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Developing accurate design data to enable the effective use of new materials is undoubtedly an essential goal in the gear industry. To speed up this process, Single Tooth Bending Fatigue (STBF) tests can be conducted. However, STBF tests tend to overestimate the material properties with respect to tests conducted on Running Gears (RG). Therefore, it is common practice to use a constant correction factor fkorr, of value 0.9 to exploit STBF results to design actual gears, e.g., through ISO 6336. In this paper, the assumption that this coefficient can be considered independent from the gear material, geometry, and loading condition was questioned, and through the combination of numerical simulations with a multiaxial fatigue criterion, a method for the calculation of fkorr was proposed. The implementation of this method using different gear geometries and material properties shows that fkorr varies with the gears geometrical characteristics, the material fatigue strength, and the load ratio (R) set in STBF tests. In particular, by applying the Findley criterion, it was found that, for the same gear geometry, fkorr depends on the material as well. Specifically, fkorr increases with the ratio between the bending and torsional fatigue limits. Moreover, through this method it was shown that the characteristics related to the material and the geometry have a relevant effect in determining the critical point (at the tooth root) where the fracture nucleates.

ACS Style

Franco Concli; Lorenzo Fraccaroli; Lorenzo Maccioni. Gear Root Bending Strength: A New Multiaxial Approach to Translate the Results of Single Tooth Bending Fatigue Tests to Meshing Gears. Metals 2021, 11, 863 .

AMA Style

Franco Concli, Lorenzo Fraccaroli, Lorenzo Maccioni. Gear Root Bending Strength: A New Multiaxial Approach to Translate the Results of Single Tooth Bending Fatigue Tests to Meshing Gears. Metals. 2021; 11 (6):863.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Franco Concli; Lorenzo Fraccaroli; Lorenzo Maccioni. 2021. "Gear Root Bending Strength: A New Multiaxial Approach to Translate the Results of Single Tooth Bending Fatigue Tests to Meshing Gears." Metals 11, no. 6: 863.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Although the circular economy (CE) concept is gaining traction and methods to assess companies’ CE-related aspects exist, there is no established CE assessment tool. In many cases, it is not clear how metrics or indicators included in extant CE assessment methods have been selected. To fill this gap, this paper presents a new instrument named Circularity and Maturity Firm-Level Assessment tool (CM-FLAT). The CM-FLAT has been developed starting from a transparent scientific basis, i.e., a recent systematic literature review and comprehensive collection of CE metrics. In addition, it targets the separate assessment of CE maturity, i.e., the presence of documented activities and practices laying the foundations for CE introduction, and circularity, i.e., attained CE-related performances. The development of the CM-FLAT has foreseen its formal evaluation by experts in the field of CE and sustainability, and its testing by a pilot group of companies from South Tyrol, Italy. The multiple verification activities have confirmed its usefulness and usability. Therefore, companies can now benefit from a tool capable of providing a comprehensive framework of factors and organizational areas affecting the introduction of the CE. This will be fostered by a computer-supported tool implementing the CM-FLAT, which represents the authors’ future work.

ACS Style

Pasqualina Sacco; Christian Vinante; Yuri Borgianni; Guido Orzes. Circular Economy at the Firm Level: A New Tool for Assessing Maturity and Circularity. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5288 .

AMA Style

Pasqualina Sacco, Christian Vinante, Yuri Borgianni, Guido Orzes. Circular Economy at the Firm Level: A New Tool for Assessing Maturity and Circularity. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pasqualina Sacco; Christian Vinante; Yuri Borgianni; Guido Orzes. 2021. "Circular Economy at the Firm Level: A New Tool for Assessing Maturity and Circularity." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5288.

Journal article
Published: 21 January 2021 in Sustainable Production and Consumption
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Shortcomings in manufacturing companies’ capabilities to execute circular economy business modelling have delayed a broader dissemination of circular business models beyond the stage of pilot projects in niche markets. Circular economy poses additional uncertainties for innovation that are not common for manufacturing companies’ traditional activities and business as usual. To cope with such challenges, they lack systematised practices and proactive advice, which are scant in available literature and approaches. The paper presents the development of the tool Circular Economy Business Modelling Expert System within manufacturing companies, intended to address these limitations. Based on systematised business modelling practices for circular economy and proactive advice on potential circular business model configurations, the expert system enhances strategic thinking for circular economy, supporting companies to come up with varied alternative business models with reasonable and viable value propositions to deploy circular benefits accordingly. The expert system was streamlined based on literature review, development, testing and evaluation with 12 practitioners from 10 companies. The paper discusses the main functionalities of the expert system and the results of its application into varied manufacturing companies. The application of the expert system has demonstrated to benefit companies with: inspiration for best practices on circular business modelling, a structured framework for confirming assumptions and a logic structure that prompts decision-making and reduces uncertainties.

ACS Style

Marina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. An expert system for circular economy business modelling: advising manufacturing companies in decoupling value creation from resource consumption. Sustainable Production and Consumption 2021, 27, 534 -550.

AMA Style

Marina P.P. Pieroni, Tim C. McAloone, Yuri Borgianni, Lorenzo Maccioni, Daniela C.A. Pigosso. An expert system for circular economy business modelling: advising manufacturing companies in decoupling value creation from resource consumption. Sustainable Production and Consumption. 2021; 27 ():534-550.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marina P.P. Pieroni; Tim C. McAloone; Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Daniela C.A. Pigosso. 2021. "An expert system for circular economy business modelling: advising manufacturing companies in decoupling value creation from resource consumption." Sustainable Production and Consumption 27, no. : 534-550.

Review article
Published: 12 November 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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With reference to assessing Circular Economy (CE) at the firm level, available literature reviews do not clarify what and how has to be actually assessed, while many assessment methods do not take into account the latest developments in the field. Furthermore, CE indicators are not explicitly linked to the firm’s organizational functions involved in CE assessment. In order to address these issues and to favor practice-oriented CE assessments at the firm level, the present paper collects and analyses CE assessment indicators at their finest level of granularity, i.e. the CE metrics. By means of a systematic literature review, the work gathers insights from 130 documents belonging to scientific and practitioners’ literature, reviews existing CE metrics, and organizes them according to a new circular Value Chain framework. More in details, 365 different firm-level metrics have been identified and classified through said circular Value Chain framework, articulated into 23 categories. The vast majority of CE metrics are sufficiently general and applicable in assessment procedures irrespective of the firm size, the geographic location, the industrial domain and the selling strategy of the company. This aspect facilitates the fine-tuning of comprehensive CE assessment methods, which, as a result, can largely neglect contingency factors of the investigated firms. The framework and its categories help match CE metrics and organizational functions, thus facilitating the individuation of firms’ players involved in CE assessment. As the review highlights a remarkable fragmentation of current CE assessment models and diverging interpretations of CE’s scopes, further implications on research and practice are discussed.

ACS Style

Christian Vinante; Pasqualina Sacco; Guido Orzes; Yuri Borgianni. Circular economy metrics: Literature review and company-level classification framework. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 288, 125090 .

AMA Style

Christian Vinante, Pasqualina Sacco, Guido Orzes, Yuri Borgianni. Circular economy metrics: Literature review and company-level classification framework. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 288 ():125090.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christian Vinante; Pasqualina Sacco; Guido Orzes; Yuri Borgianni. 2020. "Circular economy metrics: Literature review and company-level classification framework." Journal of Cleaner Production 288, no. : 125090.

Conference paper
Published: 09 October 2020 in Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World
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This paper aims to create a conceptual map of problems and solutions concerning High Power Density Speed Reducers (HPDSRs), i.e. planetary gearboxes, cycloidal gears and harmonic drives. The existing designs of HPDSRs are explored and classified through the Problem Solution Network (PSN), i.e. a method based on the Network of Problems from the TRIZ base of knowledge that considers different levels of abstraction. Through the PSN, it was possible to highlight conceptual design differences and communalities among the various HPDSRs in order to clarify the working principles of existing solutions. HPDSRs carry out the speed reduction through components that perform planetary motions. Therefore, a first distinction has been made based on input and output motions. Cycloidal and harmonic solutions have as output the rotation motion of the planet while planetary gear trains have as output the revolution motion of the planetary pinion. A second classification has been made on the strategy for avoiding the secondary path of contact, i.e. the unwanted contact between two components outside of the expected contact area. Cycloidal solutions modify the tooth profile while harmonic solutions deform the planetary pinion. Further considerations have been made on multi-stage solutions that take into account differential principles to multiply the useful function.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni; Franco Concli. High Power Density Speed Reducers: A TRIZ Based Classification of Mechanical Solutions. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2020, 243 -253.

AMA Style

Lorenzo Maccioni, Yuri Borgianni, Franco Concli. High Power Density Speed Reducers: A TRIZ Based Classification of Mechanical Solutions. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2020; ():243-253.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni; Franco Concli. 2020. "High Power Density Speed Reducers: A TRIZ Based Classification of Mechanical Solutions." Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 243-253.

Conference paper
Published: 11 September 2020 in Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes
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The relationships between the creation of value for both the environment and consumers have been insightfully investigated by the authors in previous studies. The results achieved in these studies have allowed the authors to deduce some design recommendations and represent the basis for further analyses of the perception of eco-designed products through quantitative data. In this paper, a sample of indications intended to support designers in developing sustainable and successful products was fine-tuned. These indications, embodied in eco-design guidelines, have been partially deducted from the evidence that emerged in previous works and partially inferred through a specific elaboration of data regarding the value perception of eco-design strategies. The guidelines have been evaluated by (eco-)design practitioners, whose evaluation shows the high perceived relevance of the guidelines.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. Bringing Success and Value in Sustainable Product Development: The Eco-design Guidelines. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes 2020, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Lorenzo Maccioni, Yuri Borgianni. Bringing Success and Value in Sustainable Product Development: The Eco-design Guidelines. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. 2020; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. 2020. "Bringing Success and Value in Sustainable Product Development: The Eco-design Guidelines." Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes , no. : 1-11.

Review
Published: 29 June 2020 in Electronics
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The research on the use of virtual reality (VR) in the design domain has been conducted in a fragmentary way so far, and some misalignments have emerged among scholars. In particular, the actual support of VR in early design phases and the diffusion of practices involving VR in creative design stages are argued. In the present paper, we reviewed VR applications in design and categorized each of the collected 86 sources into multiple classes. These range from supported design functions to employed VR technologies and the use of systems complementing VR. The identified design functions include not only design activities traditionally supported by VR, such as 3D modelling, virtual prototyping, and product evaluation, but also co-design and design education beyond the early design phases. The possibility to support early design phases by means of VR is mirrored by the attention on products that involve an emotional dimension beyond functional aspects, which are particularly focused on in virtual assemblies and prototypes. Relevant matches between VR technologies and specific design functions have been individuated, although a clear separation between VR devices and supported design tasks cannot be claimed.

ACS Style

Aurora Berni; Yuri Borgianni. Applications of Virtual Reality in Engineering and Product Design: Why, What, How, When and Where. Electronics 2020, 9, 1064 .

AMA Style

Aurora Berni, Yuri Borgianni. Applications of Virtual Reality in Engineering and Product Design: Why, What, How, When and Where. Electronics. 2020; 9 (7):1064.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aurora Berni; Yuri Borgianni. 2020. "Applications of Virtual Reality in Engineering and Product Design: Why, What, How, When and Where." Electronics 9, no. 7: 1064.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The market for agricultural machinery is characterized by products with a high degree of maturity in the product life cycle. Consequently, current improvements in new machinery are predominantly incremental and new projects basically use solutions that are already consolidated. This makes this domain appropriate for benchmarking existing systems and envisioning new value propositions. The present paper deals primarily with the former and uses the value curves as a means to structure the comparison among different families of technical systems; in particular, harvesting machines for shell fruits from the ground surface, e.g., chestnuts, walnuts, and hazelnuts, were investigated here. The process of building value curves requires the identification of currently fulfilled requirements. Despite the attention paid by engineering design research to requirements, a structured process is lacking to extract relevant information and create value curves or other representations useful for benchmarking. The present paper approaches this problem and presents how the authors have individuated relevant knowledge for characterizing different categories of harvesting machines. Namely, after an extensive search of the scientific literature and patents, a critical review of existing machines, aimed at individuating their functioning principles, architecture, and attitude in fulfilling specific design requirements, was performed. Then, existing machines were classified in 8 main categories, and their strengths and weaknesses were identified with reference to 11 competing factors. The consequent construction of value curves enabled the identification of possible points of intervention by hypothesizing possible future evolutions of such machinery, both in a structural and in a value-based perspective. Limitations about the repeatability of the followed approach and possible repercussions on design research are discussed.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Marco Bietresato; Yuri Borgianni. From the Extraction of Currently Fulfilled Requirements to Value Curves: A Case Study in the Field of Harvesting Machines for Shell Fruits and Lessons Learnt in Engineering Design. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3809 .

AMA Style

Lorenzo Maccioni, Marco Bietresato, Yuri Borgianni. From the Extraction of Currently Fulfilled Requirements to Value Curves: A Case Study in the Field of Harvesting Machines for Shell Fruits and Lessons Learnt in Engineering Design. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (11):3809.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Marco Bietresato; Yuri Borgianni. 2020. "From the Extraction of Currently Fulfilled Requirements to Value Curves: A Case Study in the Field of Harvesting Machines for Shell Fruits and Lessons Learnt in Engineering Design." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11: 3809.

Articles
Published: 20 May 2020 in International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation
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Idea generation is acknowledged to benefit from intentionally administered stimuli or designers’ processes that include the search for external sources of inspiration. Text-based and graphic forms of stimuli are the most leveraged in design literature, but it has not been yet demonstrated which form is most effective for boosting creativity. This is due to the fact that previous studies have employed many varying conditions which do not allow for comparisons to be made. The present paper presents an experiment in which three groups of 27 participants were asked to generate new ideas for new-borns’ outfits. To perform the task, the participants first considered five stimuli presented to them in one of the forms depending on which group the participants had been assigned to, i.e. textual, pictorial or combined (juxtaposition of the two). The stimuli were intended to share the semantic content, thus limiting potential bias due to different meanings. The outcomes of the experiment were evaluated in terms of creativity and non-obviousness. The presence of a pictorial dimension resulted in a significant increase in terms of rarity and non-obviousness of ideas, but did not affect quality, originality or quantity. The limited overlap among ideas emerging from the three forms suggests the potential value of developing design tools for idea generation that mix multiple forms of stimuli.

ACS Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Lorenzo Fiorineschi; Federico Rotini. Forms of stimuli and their effects on idea generation in terms of creativity metrics and non-obviousness. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation 2020, 8, 147 -164.

AMA Style

Yuri Borgianni, Lorenzo Maccioni, Lorenzo Fiorineschi, Federico Rotini. Forms of stimuli and their effects on idea generation in terms of creativity metrics and non-obviousness. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation. 2020; 8 (3):147-164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Lorenzo Fiorineschi; Federico Rotini. 2020. "Forms of stimuli and their effects on idea generation in terms of creativity metrics and non-obviousness." International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation 8, no. 3: 147-164.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The definition of a comprehensive initial set of engineering requirements is crucial to an effective and successful design process. To support engineering designers in this non-trivial task, well-acknowledged requirement checklists are available in literature, but their actual support is arguable. Indeed, engineering design tasks involve multifunctional systems, characterized by a complex map of requirements affecting different functions. Aiming at improving the support provided by common checklists, this paper proposes a structured tool capable of allocating different requirements to specific functions, and to discern between design wishes and demands. A first experiment of the tool enabled the extraction of useful information for future developments targeting the enhancement of the tool’s efficacy. Indeed, although some advantages have been observed in terms of the number of proposed requirements, the presence of multiple functions led users (engineering students in this work) to useless repetitions of the same requirement. In addition, the use of the proposed tool resulted in increased perceived effort, which has been measured through the NASA Task Load Index method. These limitations constitute the starting point for planning future research and the mentioned enhancements, beyond representing a warning for scholars involved in systematizing the extraction and management of design requirements. Moreover, thanks to the robustness of the scientific approach used in this work, similar experiments can be repeated to obtain data with a more general validity, especially from industry.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Fiorineschi; Niccolò Becattini; Yuri Borgianni; Federico Rotini. Testing a New Structured Tool for Supporting Requirements’ Formulation and Decomposition. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3259 .

AMA Style

Lorenzo Fiorineschi, Niccolò Becattini, Yuri Borgianni, Federico Rotini. Testing a New Structured Tool for Supporting Requirements’ Formulation and Decomposition. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Fiorineschi; Niccolò Becattini; Yuri Borgianni; Federico Rotini. 2020. "Testing a New Structured Tool for Supporting Requirements’ Formulation and Decomposition." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3259.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The paper offers insights into people’s exploration of creative products shown on a computer screen within the overall task of capturing artifacts’ original features and functions. In particular, the study presented here analyzes the effects of different forms of representations, i.e., static pictures and videos. While the relevance of changing stimuli’s forms of representation is acknowledged in both engineering design and human-computer interaction, scarce attention has been paid to this issue hitherto when creative products are in play. Six creative products have been presented to twenty-eight subjects through either pictures or videos in an Eye-Tracking-supported experiment. The results show that major attention is paid by people to original product features and functional elements when products are displayed by means of videos. This aspect is of paramount importance, as original shapes, parts, or characteristics of creative products might be inconsistent with people’s habits and cast doubts about their rationale and utility. In this sense, videos seemingly emphasize said original elements and likely lead to their explanation/resolution. Overall, the outcomes of the study strengthen the need to match appropriate forms of representation with different design stages in light of the needs for designs’ evaluation and testing user experience.

ACS Style

Aurora Berni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. Observing Pictures and Videos of Creative Products: An Eye Tracking Study. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1480 .

AMA Style

Aurora Berni, Lorenzo Maccioni, Yuri Borgianni. Observing Pictures and Videos of Creative Products: An Eye Tracking Study. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (4):1480.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aurora Berni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. 2020. "Observing Pictures and Videos of Creative Products: An Eye Tracking Study." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4: 1480.

Review
Published: 11 February 2020 in Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing
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Design is inherently affected by human-related factors and it is of no surprise that the fine-tuning of instruments capable of measuring aspects of human behavior has attracted interest in the design field. The recalled instruments include a variety of devices that capture and quantitatively assess people's unintentional and unconscious reactions and that are generally referred as neurophysiological or biometric. The number of experimental applications of these instruments in design was extremely limited as of 2016, when Lohmeyer and Meboldt published a first report on relevant measures and their interpretation in design. In the last few years, the number of relevant publications has increased dramatically and this determines the opportunity to carry out a comprehensive review in the field. The reviewed contributions are analyzed and classified according to, among others, instruments used, the kind of stakeholders involved and the supported design research activities. The role of biometric measures with respect to traditional research methods is emphasized too. The discussed instruments can represent supports or substitutes for traditional approaches, as well as they are capable of exploring phenomena that could not be addressed hitherto. The intensity of research concerning experiments with biometric measurements is discussed too; a particular focus of the final discussion is the individuation of obstacles that prevent them from becoming commonplace in design research.

ACS Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni. Review of the use of neurophysiological and biometric measures in experimental design research. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 2020, 34, 248 -285.

AMA Style

Yuri Borgianni, Lorenzo Maccioni. Review of the use of neurophysiological and biometric measures in experimental design research. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing. 2020; 34 (2):248-285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni. 2020. "Review of the use of neurophysiological and biometric measures in experimental design research." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 34, no. 2: 248-285.

Journal article
Published: 11 November 2019 in Design Science
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Despite the potential to lead to enhanced environmental performance, the extent to which eco-design leads to success is still unclear. In order to lay bare the effects of eco-design implementation, this paper focuses on understanding the correlations between specific eco-design principles and success through an exploratory study. A sample of 178 products, characterized in terms of their success levels and implemented eco-design principles, was statistically analyzed. The results indicate a number of positive correlations for principles that tend to favor success (e.g. intensified use and product/service systems) and negative correlations for principles that tend to moderate the chances of success (e.g. minimize packaging). Although the mechanisms that cause this phenomenon should be further investigated, the findings can provide designers with additional recommendations for the selection of eco-design principles.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni; Daniela C. A. Pigosso. Can the choice of eco-design principles affect products’ success? Design Science 2019, 5, 1 .

AMA Style

Lorenzo Maccioni, Yuri Borgianni, Daniela C. A. Pigosso. Can the choice of eco-design principles affect products’ success? Design Science. 2019; 5 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni; Daniela C. A. Pigosso. 2019. "Can the choice of eco-design principles affect products’ success?" Design Science 5, no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 03 October 2019 in Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World
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Understanding the impact of inventive solutions on consumers’ value perception is essential to develop successful products. This applies particularly to sustainable solutions, which need to penetrate the market to pursue environmental objectives. This paper explores the value perception of three categories of TRIZ-oriented sustainable solutions, namely designs that have undergone dynamization, change of the physical state or the field exploited. Through an experimental study with 43 participants, supported by a specific questionnaire and biometric measures (eye tracking, skin conductance), self-assessments and unconscious behavioral aspects were gathered while a series of 18 product pictures was shown. Out of them, 9 products implement one of the above TRIZ-oriented principles and 9 constitute same-category products with a higher environmental impact. The results show that the different categories of TRIZ solutions give rise to diverse nuances of value perception. This outcome triggers further considerations concerning the ease of interpreting design modifications steered by TRIZ concepts and heuristics.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. Investigating the Value Perception of Specific TRIZ Solutions Aimed to Reduce Product’s Environmental Impact. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2019, 282 -294.

AMA Style

Lorenzo Maccioni, Yuri Borgianni. Investigating the Value Perception of Specific TRIZ Solutions Aimed to Reduce Product’s Environmental Impact. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2019; ():282-294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. 2019. "Investigating the Value Perception of Specific TRIZ Solutions Aimed to Reduce Product’s Environmental Impact." Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 282-294.

Conference paper
Published: 20 September 2019 in Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations
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A considerable part of the design literature focuses on creativity and puts forward means to enhance creativity. It is assumed that boosting creativity results in product improvements and benefits for many stakeholders, starting from the recipients of design deliverables. However, the actual outcomes of creative endeavors and, especially, creative products have never been assessed systematically. Within this overall goal, the present paper compares the results of two experiments in which the same participants were involved. Both experiments were meant to evaluate according to multiple dimensions couples of products, where an element of the pair was subjected to some variations. The experiments foresaw the use of eye-trackers to achieve additional behavioral information. As creativity or variations thereof (novelty, unusualness) were assessed, it is possible to infer dimensions of value that are affected by creativity in multiple settings. The outcomes show that creative products significantly give rise to increased exploration time and efforts to make sense out of objects, but this process leads nevertheless to difficulties in understanding the products and to the identification of some disadvantages. According to these preliminary results, the relationship between creativity and perceived value, as well as their measurement, is overall dubious and highly depending on circumstances. While the authors support the relevance of design creativity, the paper urges to consider value at the same time.

ACS Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Guido Orzes; Demis Basso. How Do Design Changes and the Perception of Product Creativity Affect Value? Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations 2019, 601 -611.

AMA Style

Yuri Borgianni, Lorenzo Maccioni, Guido Orzes, Demis Basso. How Do Design Changes and the Perception of Product Creativity Affect Value? Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations. 2019; ():601-611.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuri Borgianni; Lorenzo Maccioni; Guido Orzes; Demis Basso. 2019. "How Do Design Changes and the Perception of Product Creativity Affect Value?" Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations , no. : 601-611.

Conference paper
Published: 28 June 2019 in Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes
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Many outputs of the application of eco-design principles and guidelines result in solutions that slightly differ from previous ones. Although the environmental advantages of new solutions are evident, the extent of achieved benefits fails to pursue the objectives of sustainable development. The latter requires disruptive change and the contextual demise of old generations of products with worse environmental performance. This is made possible just when environmental friendly product transformations positively capture the social and the economic dimension too, as these are accompanied by changes in people’s habits and fueled by customer satisfaction. However, few enterprises are available to engage in radical innovation, as it is generally understood as a risky endeavor. The situation is made more complicated by the relatively poor availability of design methods that target radical product redesign. Proactive design methods and thinking strategies are commonly in play when substantial design changes are expected, but no standard methodological reference has been established so far. Based on theoretical reflections and literature evidence, the paper outlines the need for new knowledge, as the foundation of new methodological frameworks to enable the design of products whose environmental, social, and economic sustainability is ensured.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. Eco-Design and Sustainable Development: A Speculation About the Need for New Tools and Knowledge. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes 2019, 155 -164.

AMA Style

Lorenzo Maccioni, Yuri Borgianni. Eco-Design and Sustainable Development: A Speculation About the Need for New Tools and Knowledge. Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes. 2019; ():155-164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Maccioni; Yuri Borgianni. 2019. "Eco-Design and Sustainable Development: A Speculation About the Need for New Tools and Knowledge." Blockchain Technology and Innovations in Business Processes , no. : 155-164.