Following an accelerated L–H process, efficient and sustainable hydrogenation of LA with 97% yield of GVL at TOF of 0.27–0.61 s ⁻¹ in water was achieved on low-cost and acid-resistant CePO ₄ /Co ₂ P composite.

Irrespective of the initial states, the pure Cu( i ) surface of Cu ₂ O would in situ transform into a stable Cu( i )–Cu( ii ) composite surface during the first catalytic run of CO oxidation, resulting in dramatic activity enhancement.

Ce dopping in CuO crystalline led to the distinguished existence and modulated distribution of Cu⁺ on the surface of samples, which was responsible for the outstanding SO₂-resistant NH₃-SCR-NO performance.