The achievement of sustainable development goals is depending on different factors. The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between the renewable energy and the sustainable development. We employed the endogenous variable the adjusted net savings as the sustainable development factor, the renewable energy consumption as the exogenous variable, following by the control variables the gross fixed capital formation and the labour force. This work is done for 17 OECD countries during the period of 1990-2017. We assumed a balanced panel model, and we employed a panel random effect model and a panel ARDL cointegration model. The outcomes showed that the renewable energy consumption has a negative and significant impact on the adjusted net saving in the short-run, but in the long-term the renewable energy consumption has a positive influence on the sustainable development factor. Also, a bidirectional panel Granger causality was established between both variables.

Tourism is one of the most important sectors for several researchers and decision makers, due to its influence on the world economic growth in the twenty-first century, making it as a source of competition between countries to a global industry for its effective strategic role in the development of countries. In this paper, we used two variables natural logarithm of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and natural logarithm of per capita international and national tourism expenditure (ITE) to study the relationship between the tourism sector and economic growth in Algeria over the period of 1995–2017. We established with the unit root test with and without breakpoint that the variables are stationary in the first difference and there is a structural break in (ITE) and (GDP). Thus, with the presence of a breakpoint, we employed the methodology of Gregory–Hansen to avoid such issue, but we found that there was no evidence of cointegration with breakpoint, so then we used the vector autoregressive model (VAR). The model showed that the tourism sector has a positive and insignificant coefficient on the economic growth, while the economic growth factor has a positive and significant on the tourism sector. In the short run, there was a one-way causality from GDP to ITE at the level of 1%, confirming the economic-driven tourism growth hypothesis. Also, we found with Breitung and Candelon causality that there was same causality at the level of 10%.

In this paper, we analyse the impact of the institutional quality on the sustainable development in 10 Arab countries during the period 1995-2019. Despite the significant improvement that have known some countries in recent years in terms of development indicators, the Arab authorities still require more efforts to improve their governance and to enhance the developmental impact of oil revenues. However, the deterioration of the institutional environment indicators remains the biggest obstacle to achieve the development goals, and limits the effectiveness of economic reforms. Therefore, we found from the empirical study that there is a positive significant effect on sustainable development (expressed by adjusted net saving) for capital per capita, oil rents, per capita and trade openness, while there is a negative significant effect for gross national income, and total natural resources rents. However, the institutional indexes have a positive and insignificant impact, indicating that there is an evidence of a weak political structure and weak political awareness of Arab societies.

Although the extended self is a relatively new concept, over the years it has developed rapidly, being the subject of study of several marketing researches. Our possessions contribute to reflecting our identity, so it is very important to look at how people expand their self in relation to others and how possessions become part of themselves. We can not hope to understand the behavior of consumers without first gaining a certain understanding of the attention they give to their possessions. The main findings until now show that certain objects accelerate the interest of the consumer for the actual consumption, because the consumption helps define people about what they are. Our aim is to deepen this idea through a survey.