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The one of main quality requirements of natural gas as an engine fuel is the methane number (MN). This parameter indicates the fuel’s capability to avoid knocking in the engine. A higher MN value indicates a better natural gas quality for gas engines. Natural gas with higher methane content tends to have higher MN value. This study presents analysis of deviation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) composition and its impact on LNG quality as an engine fuel. The analysis of higher hydrocarbons and nitrogen content impact on LNG parameters was considered for several samples of LNG compositions. Most engine manufacturers want to set a new, lower limit value for methane number at 80. This fact causes significant restrictions on the range of variability in the composition of liquefied natural gas. The goal of this study was to determine the combination of the limit content of individual components in liquefied natural gas to achieve the strict methane number criterion (MN > 80). To fulfill this criterion, the methane content in LNG would have to exceed 93.7%mol, and a significant part of the LNG available on the market does not meet these requirements. The analysis also indicated that the methane number cannot be the only qualitative criterion, as its variability depends strongly on the LNG composition. To determine the applicability of LNG as an engine fuel, the simultaneous application of the methane number and Wobbe index criteria was proposed.
Szymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. Impact of Liquefied Natural Gas Composition Changes on Methane Number as a Fuel Quality Requirement. Energies 2020, 13, 5060 .
AMA StyleSzymon Kuczyński, Mariusz Łaciak, Adam Szurlej, Tomasz Włodek. Impact of Liquefied Natural Gas Composition Changes on Methane Number as a Fuel Quality Requirement. Energies. 2020; 13 (19):5060.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. 2020. "Impact of Liquefied Natural Gas Composition Changes on Methane Number as a Fuel Quality Requirement." Energies 13, no. 19: 5060.
Heat losses caused by the operation of compressor units are a key problem in the energy efficiency improvement of the natural gas compression station operation. Currently, waste heat recovery technologies are expensive and have low efficiency. One of these technologies is organic Rankine cycle (ORC) which is often analyzed in scientific works. In this paper, the authors decided to investigate another technology that allows for the usage of the exhaust waste energy—the supercritical Brayton cycle with CO2 (S-CO2). With a thermodynamic model development of S-CO2, the authors preformed a case study of the potential S-CO2 system at the gas compressor station with the reciprocating engines. By comparing the values of selected S-CO2 efficiency indicators with ORC efficiency indicators at the same natural gas compression station, the authors tried to determine which technology would be better to use at the considered installation. Investigations on parameter change impacts on the system operation (e.g., turbine inlet pressure or exhaust gas cooling temperatures) allowed to determine the direction for further analysis of the S-CO2 usage at the gas compressor station. When waste heat management is considered, priority should be given to its maximum recovery and cost-effectiveness.
Rafał Kowalski; Szymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. A Case Study of the Supercritical CO2-Brayton Cycle at a Natural Gas Compression Station. Energies 2020, 13, 2447 .
AMA StyleRafał Kowalski, Szymon Kuczyński, Mariusz Łaciak, Adam Szurlej, Tomasz Włodek. A Case Study of the Supercritical CO2-Brayton Cycle at a Natural Gas Compression Station. Energies. 2020; 13 (10):2447.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafał Kowalski; Szymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. 2020. "A Case Study of the Supercritical CO2-Brayton Cycle at a Natural Gas Compression Station." Energies 13, no. 10: 2447.
Adam Szurlej; Mariusz Łaciak; Oleksandr Boiko; Andrzej Olijnyk. The natural gas sector in Ukraine – opportunities and barriers to growth. Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 2019, 22, 115 -128.
AMA StyleAdam Szurlej, Mariusz Łaciak, Oleksandr Boiko, Andrzej Olijnyk. The natural gas sector in Ukraine – opportunities and barriers to growth. Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal. 2019; 22 (4):115-128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdam Szurlej; Mariusz Łaciak; Oleksandr Boiko; Andrzej Olijnyk. 2019. "The natural gas sector in Ukraine – opportunities and barriers to growth." Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 22, no. 4: 115-128.
Compressed natural gas can be globally used as fuel for combustion engines to reduce CO2 emission without negative impact on economy. Lack of refueling infrastructure is one of reason why NGVs shares only ~1.6% in total vehicle fleet worldwide. Operational tests of CNG home fast refueling station were performed to investigate: (i) natural gas demand, m3/h; (ii) energy consumption, kW/h; and (iii) total cost of one refueling. Two scenarios for operational tests were developed to monitor and collect data. Safety tests for leakage, fill pressure change, interrupted power and gas supply, temperature, and unexpected failures were performed. This article present results of operational and safety tests of compressed natural gas home, fast refueling station (CNG-HRS) based on one stage hydraulic compressor. The average duration of HRS full operating cycle was 7 h and 32 min (buffering and refueling mode). The average electric energy and natural gas consumption for one full cycle was 5.52 kWh and 7.5 m3, respectively. Safety tests results for leakage, fill pressure change, interrupted power and gas supply, temperature and unexpected failures demonstrated valid operation of HRS which positively affects the general safety level. To compare HRS with large scale CNG refueling infrastructure the costs of 1 Nm3 CNG was estimated for both solutions. Results shows that home refueling appliance might be become a solution for filling the gap in CNG refueling infrastructure.
Szymon Kuczyński; Krystian Liszka; Mariusz Łaciak; Andrzej Olijnyk; Adam Szurlej. Experimental Investigations and Operational Performance Analysis on Compressed Natural Gas Home Refueling System (CNG-HRS). Energies 2019, 12, 4511 .
AMA StyleSzymon Kuczyński, Krystian Liszka, Mariusz Łaciak, Andrzej Olijnyk, Adam Szurlej. Experimental Investigations and Operational Performance Analysis on Compressed Natural Gas Home Refueling System (CNG-HRS). Energies. 2019; 12 (23):4511.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzymon Kuczyński; Krystian Liszka; Mariusz Łaciak; Andrzej Olijnyk; Adam Szurlej. 2019. "Experimental Investigations and Operational Performance Analysis on Compressed Natural Gas Home Refueling System (CNG-HRS)." Energies 12, no. 23: 4511.
Maintaining the reliability of a transmission system's operation is an extremely important issue in the context of ensuring the continuity of gas delivery to customers. Threats to maintaining the reliability of a transmission system's operation may appear at any stage of transmission, and the most common reasons for this are corrosion, material defects or accidental damage. The paper presents the impact of flood water on transmission valves in the context of possible threats to ensuring the technical safety of gas supplies. Hazards are described which relate to the chemical composition of flood water, which may cause corrosion of valve elements and risk of loss of gas pipeline stability caused by flooding. In the context of the design of a natural gas transmission network, the strength aspects and the phenomenon of corrosion are described. The results of tests related to a specific example are presented. The finite element method (FEM) is used to build ball valve models. Two types of valves are modelled for nominal pipeline diameters of 50 mm (DN50) and 200 mm (DN200). The results of the presented analysis show that the leak tightness of the tested valve flange connections was mainly influenced by changes in their operating conditions because the occurring additional forces and moments caused significant changes in the load balance of the flange connections.
Mariusz Łaciak; Tomasz Włodek; Tomasz Kozakiewicz; Krystian Liszka; Łaciak Mariusz; Włodek Tomasz; Kozakiewicz Tomasz; Liszka Krystian. Impact of flood water on the technical condition of natural gas transmission pipeline valves. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2019, 63, 103998 .
AMA StyleMariusz Łaciak, Tomasz Włodek, Tomasz Kozakiewicz, Krystian Liszka, Łaciak Mariusz, Włodek Tomasz, Kozakiewicz Tomasz, Liszka Krystian. Impact of flood water on the technical condition of natural gas transmission pipeline valves. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 2019; 63 ():103998.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariusz Łaciak; Tomasz Włodek; Tomasz Kozakiewicz; Krystian Liszka; Łaciak Mariusz; Włodek Tomasz; Kozakiewicz Tomasz; Liszka Krystian. 2019. "Impact of flood water on the technical condition of natural gas transmission pipeline valves." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 63, no. : 103998.
During the natural gas pipeline transportation process, gas stream pressure is reduced at natural gas regulation stations (GRS). Natural gas pressure reduction is accompanied by energy dissipation which results in irreversible exergy losses in the gas stream. Energy loss depends on the thermodynamic parameters of the natural gas stream on inlet and outlet gas pressure regulation and metering stations. Recovered energy can be used for electricity generation when the pressure regulator is replaced with an expander to drive electric energy generation. To ensure the correct operation of the system, the natural gas stream should be heated, on inlet to expander. This temperature should be higher than the gas stream during choking in the pressure regulator. The purpose of this research was to investigate GRS operational parameters which influence the efficiency of the gas expansion process and to determine selection criteria for a cost-effective application of turboexpanders at selected GRS, instead of pressure regulators. The main novelty presented in this paper shows investigation on discounted payback period (DPP) equation which depends on the annual average natural gas flow rate through the analyzed GRS, average annual level of gas expansion, average annual natural gas purchase price, average annual produced electrical energy sale price and CAPEX.
Szymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Andrzej Olijnyk; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. Techno-Economic Assessment of Turboexpander Application at Natural Gas Regulation Stations. Energies 2019, 12, 755 .
AMA StyleSzymon Kuczyński, Mariusz Łaciak, Andrzej Olijnyk, Adam Szurlej, Tomasz Włodek. Techno-Economic Assessment of Turboexpander Application at Natural Gas Regulation Stations. Energies. 2019; 12 (4):755.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Andrzej Olijnyk; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. 2019. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Turboexpander Application at Natural Gas Regulation Stations." Energies 12, no. 4: 755.
The use of hydrogen as a non-emission energy carrier is important for the innovative development of the power-generation industry. Transmission pipelines are the most efficient and economic method of transporting large quantities of hydrogen in a number of variants. A comprehensive hydraulic analysis of hydrogen transmission at a mass flow rate of 0.3 to 3.0 kg/s (volume flow rates from 12,000 Nm3/h to 120,000 Nm3/h) was performed. The methodology was based on flow simulation in a pipeline for assumed boundary conditions as well as modeling of fluid thermodynamic parameters for pure hydrogen and its mixtures with methane. The assumed outlet pressure was 24 bar (g). The pipeline diameter and required inlet pressure were calculated for these parameters. The change in temperature was analyzed as a function of the pipeline length for a given real heat transfer model; the assumed temperatures were 5 and 25 °C. The impact of hydrogen on natural gas transmission is another important issue. The performed analysis revealed that the maximum participation of hydrogen in natural gas should not exceed 15%–20%, or it has a negative impact on natural gas quality. In the case of a mixture of 85% methane and 15% hydrogen, the required outlet pressure is 10% lower than for pure methane. The obtained results present various possibilities of pipeline transmission of hydrogen at large distances. Moreover, the changes in basic thermodynamic parameters have been presented as a function of pipeline length for the adopted assumptions.
Szymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Andrzej Olijnyk; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. Thermodynamic and Technical Issues of Hydrogen and Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures Pipeline Transmission. Energies 2019, 12, 569 .
AMA StyleSzymon Kuczyński, Mariusz Łaciak, Andrzej Olijnyk, Adam Szurlej, Tomasz Włodek. Thermodynamic and Technical Issues of Hydrogen and Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures Pipeline Transmission. Energies. 2019; 12 (3):569.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzymon Kuczyński; Mariusz Łaciak; Andrzej Olijnyk; Adam Szurlej; Tomasz Włodek. 2019. "Thermodynamic and Technical Issues of Hydrogen and Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures Pipeline Transmission." Energies 12, no. 3: 569.