As First Revisers, we give priority to Aphanius fontinalis over A. altus and A. litoralis and to A. meridionalis over A. parvus. A neotype is designated from Lake Eğirdir for Aphanius iconii. Family groups in the deeply polyphyletic fish family Cyprinodontidae are discussed. Aphaniidae, Cubanichthyidae and Orestiidae are proposed as distinct families, restricting the family Cyprinodontidae to the New World genera Cualac, Cyprinodon, Floridichthys, Jordanella and Megupsilon.

Pseudophoxinus cilicicus, new species, is described from the Arsuz, Ceyhan and Seyhan river drainages in the Gulf of İskenderun. It is distinguished from other members of the Pseudophoxinus zeregi species group by having a complete lateral line with 38–45 + 2–3 scales, the lower lip usually slightly projecting beyond the tip of the upper lip, a prominent black stripe along the flank, and no black pigments below the lateral line. Pseudophoxinus cilicicus is distinguished from P. zekayi by a minimum K2P distance of 3.8% based on the mitochondrial DNA barcode region. Pseudophoxinus atropatenus and P. sojuchbulagi are returned to the genus Rutilus.

Pseudophoxinus firati was described from one spring in the upper Euphrates River drainage in Turkey. Here we record this species from seven additional sites, three in the upper Euphrates drainage, one in the upper Seyhan and three in the upper Ceyhan River drainages. These findings largely expand the distribution area of the species and its habitats are discussed.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the fish fauna of inland waters that are located in the Thrace region of Turkey and affected by the Black Sea and European fauna. The field surveys were carried out in 40 different locations in lotic and lentic biotopes located in the east of the Yıldız Mountains, between the Yalıköy in the south and the Rezve Stream in the north. Fish sampling was performed by using DC Electroshocker, gillnet, trammel-net, seine-net and fyke-net in April-September 2000, May-July 2001 and July 2009 . A total of 33 taxa belonging to 11 families was identified; Atherinidae, Centrarchidae , Clupeidae, Cobitidae, Cyprinidae, Gasterosteidae, Gobiidae, Mugilidae, Poecilidae, Salmonidae and Syngnathidae. The most common found fish species belong to the family Cyprinidae; Barbus tauricus , Gobio bulgaricus , Alburnus istanbulensis and Petroleuciscus borysthenicus . In terms of numbers of specimens, Gambusia holbrooki was followed by Phoxinus strandjae , Alburnoides tzanevi , Barbus tauricus and Alburnus istanbulensis.