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François Maréchal
EPFL-IPESE, Rue de l’Industrie 17, 1951 Sion, Switzerland

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Journal article
Published: 28 May 2021 in Energies
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This study investigates the technical and economic feasibility of replacing throttling valves with smale-scale, oil-free turbomachinery in industrial steam networks. This is done from the perspective of the turbomachine, which has to be integrated into a new or existing process. The considered machines have a power range of P=[0.5,,250 kW] and have been designed using real industrial data from existing processes. Design guidelines are developed, which take into account the thermodynamic process as well as engineering aspects of such a turbomachine. The results suggest that steam conditioning prior to heat exchange could be completed by small expanders to produce mechanical work, reducing exergy destruction and improving site-wide energy efficiency compared to throttling valves. Cost estimates for such machines are presented, which serve as a basis for case-specific investment calculations. The resulting payback times of less than 18 months highlight the economic potential such solutions.

ACS Style

Ansgar Weickgenannt; Ivan Kantor; François Maréchal; Jürg Schiffmann. On the Application of Small-Scale Turbines in Industrial Steam Networks. Energies 2021, 14, 3149 .

AMA Style

Ansgar Weickgenannt, Ivan Kantor, François Maréchal, Jürg Schiffmann. On the Application of Small-Scale Turbines in Industrial Steam Networks. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ansgar Weickgenannt; Ivan Kantor; François Maréchal; Jürg Schiffmann. 2021. "On the Application of Small-Scale Turbines in Industrial Steam Networks." Energies 14, no. 11: 3149.

Conference paper
Published: 16 February 2021 in E3S Web of Conferences
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The Solid-oxide fuel cell is a highly efficient prime mover for biogas conversion, but a part of biogas needs to be reformulated externally to facilitate the electrochemical conversion, easy control of reforming conditions, and thermal management of the stack. Carbon deposition and external mineralcarrying water should be avoided to ensure the durability of the fuel processor and stack catalysts. This paper investigates four plant layouts with different anode off-gas recirculation schemes and biogas reforming methods: (1) pre-reforming with hot recirculation (HR), (2) pre-reforming with cold recirculation (CR), (3) no pre-reforming and hot recirculation (NR), (4) partial oxidation with hot recirculation (PO). All the schemes feature an electrolyte supported SOFC working at 860°C and 0.23 A/cm2 current density. A sensitivity analysis of the plant efficiency as a function of the Recirculation Ratio (RR) and the Reformer Temperature (RT) is performed. The results show that HR and CR schemes achieve the highest efficiency (58-63%). The HR scheme benefits from the recirculated water and does not require external water for RR > 50% and RT > 600°C; the CR scheme achieves the same result for RR > 80% and RT > 700°C. The optimal RR is within 50 – 80% for the highest system efficiency, as a trade-off between the overall fuel utilization and electrochemistry performance. The RT should be between 600 and 700°C. The HR scheme is the overall best performing if the re-circulator and stack designs do not limit the flow rates at a high RR.

ACS Style

Shuai Ma; Gabriele Loreti; Ligang Wang; Andrea Luigi Facci; Stefano Ubertini; Changqing Dong; François Maréchal; Jan Van Herle. Comparison of integrated fuel processing options for biogas-fed solid-oxide fuel cell plants. E3S Web of Conferences 2021, 238, 04002 .

AMA Style

Shuai Ma, Gabriele Loreti, Ligang Wang, Andrea Luigi Facci, Stefano Ubertini, Changqing Dong, François Maréchal, Jan Van Herle. Comparison of integrated fuel processing options for biogas-fed solid-oxide fuel cell plants. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021; 238 ():04002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Ma; Gabriele Loreti; Ligang Wang; Andrea Luigi Facci; Stefano Ubertini; Changqing Dong; François Maréchal; Jan Van Herle. 2021. "Comparison of integrated fuel processing options for biogas-fed solid-oxide fuel cell plants." E3S Web of Conferences 238, no. : 04002.

Original research article
Published: 23 September 2020 in Frontiers in Energy Research
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Wastewater treatment and sludge disposal are responsible for considerable costs and emissions in a global scale. With population and urbanization growing, tackling the rational and efficient use of energy while fulfilling the desired effluent standards are imperative. In this work, a superstructure-based approach is designed to incorporate alternative treatments for wastewater. In particular, technologies like hydrothermal liquefaction and gasification, coupled with technologies for CO2 conversion to value-added products are studied. Multi-objective optimization is applied as a way to generate multiple solutions that correspond to different system configurations. From a reference treatment cost of almost 0.16 $/mWW3, an environmental impact of 0.5kgCO2/mWW3 and an energy efficiency of 5%, different configurations are able to transform a waste water treatment plant to a net profit unit, with a net environmental benefit and energy efficiency close to 65%. The investment in hydrothermal liquefaction producing biocrude coupled with catalytic hydrothermal gasification demonstrated to yield consistently better total costs and environmental impacts. Parametric analysis is performed in the inlet flow of wastewater to account for different sizes of waste water treatment plant, with smaller inlets achieving values closer to those of the state-of-the-art configuration.

ACS Style

Rafael Castro-Amoedo; Theodoros Damartzis; Julia Granacher; Francois M. A. Marechal. System Design and Performance Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Plants Coupled With Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Gasification. Frontiers in Energy Research 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Rafael Castro-Amoedo, Theodoros Damartzis, Julia Granacher, Francois M. A. Marechal. System Design and Performance Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Plants Coupled With Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Gasification. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2020; 8 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rafael Castro-Amoedo; Theodoros Damartzis; Julia Granacher; Francois M. A. Marechal. 2020. "System Design and Performance Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Plants Coupled With Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Gasification." Frontiers in Energy Research 8, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 August 2020 in Energies
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Data are essential to urban building energy models and yet, obtaining sufficient and accurate building data at a large-scale is challenging. Previous studies have highlighted that the data impact on urban case studies has not been sufficiently discussed. This paper addresses this gap by providing an analysis of the impact of input data on building energy modelling at an urban scale. The paper proposes a joint review of data impact and data accessibility to identify areas where future survey efforts should be concentrated. Moreover, a Morris sensitivity analysis is carried out on a large-scale residential case study, to rank input parameters by impact on space heating demand. This paper shows that accessible data impact the whole modelling process, from approach selection to model replicability. The sensitivity analysis shows that the setpoint and thermal characteristics were the most impactful for the case study considered. Solutions proposed to overcome availability and accessibility issues include organising annual workshops between data users and data owners, or developing online databases that could be populated on a volunteer-basis by data owners. Overall, overcoming data challenges is essential for the transition towards smarter cities, and will require an improved communication between all city stakeholders.

ACS Style

Solène Goy; François Maréchal; Donal Finn. Data for Urban Scale Building Energy Modelling: Assessing Impacts and Overcoming Availability Challenges. Energies 2020, 13, 4244 .

AMA Style

Solène Goy, François Maréchal, Donal Finn. Data for Urban Scale Building Energy Modelling: Assessing Impacts and Overcoming Availability Challenges. Energies. 2020; 13 (16):4244.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Solène Goy; François Maréchal; Donal Finn. 2020. "Data for Urban Scale Building Energy Modelling: Assessing Impacts and Overcoming Availability Challenges." Energies 13, no. 16: 4244.

Review
Published: 13 July 2020 in Chemosensors
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Oral cancer poses a serious threat worldwide owing to its soaring case-fatality rate and its metastatic characteristics of spreading to the other parts of the body. Despite the recent breakthroughs in biomedical sciences, the detection of oral cancer at an early stage is still challenging. Conventional diagnosis in clinics and optical techniques to detect oral cancer in the initial stages are quite complicated as well as not completely accurate. To enhance the survival rate of oral cancer patients, it is important to investigate the novel methodologies that can provide faster, simpler, non-invasive, and yet ultraprecise detection of the onset of oral cancer. In this review, we demonstrate the promising aspects of an electrochemical biosensor as an ideal tool for oral cancer detection. We discuss the cutting-edge methodologies utilizing various electrochemical biosensors targeting the different kinds of biomarkers. In particular, we emphasize on electrochemical biosensors working at the molecular levels, which can be classified into mainly three types: DNA biosensors, RNA biosensors and protein biosensors according to the types of the analytes. Furthermore, we focus on the significant electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to analyze the oral cancer biomarkers (such as IL-6, IL-8, CYFRA 21-1, CD 59 and CIP2A) present in body fluids including saliva and serum, using non-invasive manner. Hence, this review provides essential insights into the development of pioneering electrochemical biosensors for the detection of oral cancer at an early stage.

ACS Style

Yen-Tzu Lin; Sorour Darvishi; Anant Preet; Tzu-Yen Huang; Sheng-Hsuan Lin; Hubert H. Girault; Ligang Wang; Tzu-En Lin. A Review: Electrochemical Biosensors for Oral Cancer. Chemosensors 2020, 8, 54 .

AMA Style

Yen-Tzu Lin, Sorour Darvishi, Anant Preet, Tzu-Yen Huang, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Hubert H. Girault, Ligang Wang, Tzu-En Lin. A Review: Electrochemical Biosensors for Oral Cancer. Chemosensors. 2020; 8 (3):54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yen-Tzu Lin; Sorour Darvishi; Anant Preet; Tzu-Yen Huang; Sheng-Hsuan Lin; Hubert H. Girault; Ligang Wang; Tzu-En Lin. 2020. "A Review: Electrochemical Biosensors for Oral Cancer." Chemosensors 8, no. 3: 54.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2020 in Fuel
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Currently, electricity generation and second-generation ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks represent technological alternatives in the bioenergy sector. Nevertheless, the introduction of new production processes denotes a real challenge due to the complexity and diversity of the pathways that can be evaluated. In addition, there are economic and environmental factors that must be considered during the development and consolidation of these new configurations. Accordingly, this paper presents a methodology to perform the exergy and exergo-environmental analysis, and ranking of sugarcane-based biorefineries. The proposed models assessed the Conventional (Route 1), Biochemical (Route 2), and Thermochemical (Route 3) pathways using simulation programs and mathematical tools to simulate the ethanol production and electricity generation. Furthermore, the process integration and different uses for the surplus bagasse were studied, aiming at the optimizing and ranking of routes. The results indicated optimal settings that allowed the routes ranking in terms of the renewability exergy index “λ”. In this context, the biochemical pathway (Route 2) presented the maximum exergy efficiency, therefore the lowest average unitary exergy cost of the evaluated platforms. This system that promoted an increase of 22% and 45% in the ethanol production, when compared to Route 1 and Route 3, respectively. Besides, the thermochemical pathway (Route 3) presented the configuration with the highest power generation rate. Concerning the environmental impact results, it was found that the most sustainable configuration was Route 2, which presented the lowest overall CO2 emissions rates (131.45 gCO2/MJ products).

ACS Style

Pablo Andres Silva Ortiz; François Maréchal; Silvio De Oliveira Junior. Exergy assessment and techno-economic optimization of bioethanol production routes. Fuel 2020, 279, 118327 .

AMA Style

Pablo Andres Silva Ortiz, François Maréchal, Silvio De Oliveira Junior. Exergy assessment and techno-economic optimization of bioethanol production routes. Fuel. 2020; 279 ():118327.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pablo Andres Silva Ortiz; François Maréchal; Silvio De Oliveira Junior. 2020. "Exergy assessment and techno-economic optimization of bioethanol production routes." Fuel 279, no. : 118327.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2020 in Applied Energy
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The increasing penetration of variable renewable energies poses new challenges for grid management. The economic feasibility of grid-balancing plants may be limited by low annual operating hours if they work either only for power generation or only for power storage. This issue might be addressed by a dual-function power plant with power-to-x capability, which can produce electricity or store excess renewable electricity into chemicals at different periods. Such a plant can be uniquely enabled by a solid-oxide cell stack, which can switch between fuel cell and electrolysis with the same stack. This paper investigates the optimal conceptual design of this type of plant, represented by power-to-x-to-power process chains with x being hydrogen, syngas, methane, methanol and ammonia, concerning the efficiency (on a lower heating value) and power densities. The results show that an increase in current density leads to an increased oxygen flow rate and a decreased reactant utilization at the stack level for its thermal management, and an increased power density and a decreased efficiency at the system level. The power-generation efficiency is ranked as methane (65.9%), methanol (60.2%), ammonia (58.2%), hydrogen (58.3%), syngas (53.3%) at 0.4 A/cm2, due to the benefit of heat-to-chemical-energy conversion by chemical reformulating and the deterioration of electrochemical performance by the dilution of hydrogen. The power-storage efficiency is ranked as syngas (80%), hydrogen (74%), methane (72%), methanol (68%), ammonia (66%) at 0.7 A/cm2, mainly due to the benefit of co-electrolysis and the chemical energy loss occurring in the chemical synthesis reactions. The lost chemical energy improves plant-wise heat integration and compensates for its adverse effect on power-storage efficiency. Combining these efficiency numbers of the two modes results in a rank of round-trip efficiency: methane (47.5%) > syngas (43.3%) ≈ hydrogen (42.6%) > methanol (40.7%) > ammonia (38.6%). The pool of plant designs obtained lays the basis for the optimal deployment of this balancing technology for specific applications.

ACS Style

Ligang Wang; Yumeng Zhang; Mar Pérez-Fortes; Philippe Aubin; Tzu-En Lin; Yongping Yang; François Maréchal; Jan Van Herle. Reversible solid-oxide cell stack based power-to-x-to-power systems: Comparison of thermodynamic performance. Applied Energy 2020, 275, 115330 .

AMA Style

Ligang Wang, Yumeng Zhang, Mar Pérez-Fortes, Philippe Aubin, Tzu-En Lin, Yongping Yang, François Maréchal, Jan Van Herle. Reversible solid-oxide cell stack based power-to-x-to-power systems: Comparison of thermodynamic performance. Applied Energy. 2020; 275 ():115330.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ligang Wang; Yumeng Zhang; Mar Pérez-Fortes; Philippe Aubin; Tzu-En Lin; Yongping Yang; François Maréchal; Jan Van Herle. 2020. "Reversible solid-oxide cell stack based power-to-x-to-power systems: Comparison of thermodynamic performance." Applied Energy 275, no. : 115330.

Chapter
Published: 10 June 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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The use of supercritical CO2 (SC–CO2) as a solvent for the extraction of vanillin from organosolv media was proposed and evaluated. The use of sugarcane bagasse as a biomass source to product diversification has been gaining much attention recently and it is a very promising research topic. From sugarcane bagasse, it is already produced fuels as 2G ethanol and others are being investigated as methanol, SNG. Also, different bioproducts as PET area already in the market and bioproducts as xylitol, vanillin, etc. are under study or investigated in pilot plants. Thus, in this chapter, some perspectives on vanillin production from sugarcane bagasse lignin using supercritical CO2 as a solvent in a novel integrated second-generation ethanol biorefinery are presented.

ACS Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. Perspectives on Vanillin Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Lignin Using Supercritical CO2 as a Solvent in a Novel Integrated Second-Generation Ethanol Biorefinery. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 49 -56.

AMA Style

Diego T. Santos, Ádina L. Santana, M. Angela A. Meireles, M. Thereza M. S. Gomes, Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres, Juliana Albarelli, Aikaterini Bakatselou, Adriano V. Ensinas, François Maréchal. Perspectives on Vanillin Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Lignin Using Supercritical CO2 as a Solvent in a Novel Integrated Second-Generation Ethanol Biorefinery. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():49-56.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. 2020. "Perspectives on Vanillin Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Lignin Using Supercritical CO2 as a Solvent in a Novel Integrated Second-Generation Ethanol Biorefinery." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 49-56.

Chapter
Published: 10 June 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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The use of supercritical CO2 (SC–CO2) antisolvent for micronization, coprecipitation, and fractionation of high-value products for biorefining of plant matrices into marketable products has been a promising and increasing research topic. These SC–CO2 antisolvent processes are able to microencapsulate many materials that are difficult to treat with conventional techniques. In addition, the control of the morphology of materials by adjusting nucleation and growth during particle production is provided. The use of supercritical antisolvent processes is advantageous when compared with other methods like freeze-drying, drying at high temperatures and spray-drying such as uniform particle size distribution in the products and high efficiency to obtain nano or microparticles. The optimization of the process on the yield and quality of obtained particles properties depend mainly on the operational conditions such as pressure, temperature, and concentration of the bioactives solution, in terms of extract and polymer. Thus, this chapter provides some insights about the fundamentals and effects of operational conditions of these SC–CO2 antisolvent processes.

ACS Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. Supercritical Fluid Biorefining Using Supercritical CO2 as an Antisolvent for Micronization, Coprecipitation, and Fractionation: Fundamentals, Processing, and Effect of Process Conditions. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Diego T. Santos, Ádina L. Santana, M. Angela A. Meireles, M. Thereza M. S. Gomes, Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres, Juliana Albarelli, Aikaterini Bakatselou, Adriano V. Ensinas, François Maréchal. Supercritical Fluid Biorefining Using Supercritical CO2 as an Antisolvent for Micronization, Coprecipitation, and Fractionation: Fundamentals, Processing, and Effect of Process Conditions. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. 2020. "Supercritical Fluid Biorefining Using Supercritical CO2 as an Antisolvent for Micronization, Coprecipitation, and Fractionation: Fundamentals, Processing, and Effect of Process Conditions." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 1-12.

Chapter
Published: 10 June 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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This chapter proposes an innovative biorefinery conceptual process for the production of carotenoids from microalgae using lignocellulose-based biorefinery products and/or by-products and pressurized fluids. The extraction process, which can be done also with microalgal biomass with high content of moisture avoiding high-cost downstream processes, involves the use of ethanol and 2-MethylTetraHydroFuran (2 MTHF) mixed or in a sequential form for selective extraction of carotenoids. 2 MTHF is obtained from furfural, which is produced as a by-product during lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane bagasse, wood, corn stover, rice straw, etc.) pretreatment for ethanol production, for example. The solvent recovery step involves the use of CO2, which is obtained from ethanol fermentation as a by-product. Specific conditions for CO2 for temperature and pressure to achieve supercritical conditions would be applied in order to besides high solvent recovery and recycling provide a desirable selective carotenoid purification and encapsulation if a coating material is added. The two-step process can be converted in a one-step process minimizing carotenoid degradation if the extraction process is performed under higher pressure than that performed during extract precipitation. In addition, the proposed processing route can be well integrated into conventional existing biofuels production (gasification, combustion, etc.) scenarios using the solids recovered after carotenoids production as feedstock.

ACS Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. Novel Biorefinery Concept for the Production of Carotenoids from Microalgae Using Lignocellulose-Based Biorefinery Products and Supercritical Fluids. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 57 -73.

AMA Style

Diego T. Santos, Ádina L. Santana, M. Angela A. Meireles, M. Thereza M. S. Gomes, Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres, Juliana Albarelli, Aikaterini Bakatselou, Adriano V. Ensinas, François Maréchal. Novel Biorefinery Concept for the Production of Carotenoids from Microalgae Using Lignocellulose-Based Biorefinery Products and Supercritical Fluids. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():57-73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. 2020. "Novel Biorefinery Concept for the Production of Carotenoids from Microalgae Using Lignocellulose-Based Biorefinery Products and Supercritical Fluids." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 57-73.

Chapter
Published: 10 June 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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This chapter discusses the recent (2013–2018) applications on the use of supercritical CO2 (SC–CO2) antisolvent for micronization, coprecipitation, and fractionation of high-value products for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, most focusing on the applications of integrated techniques on the biorefining of plant matrices into marketable products using supercritical carbon dioxide as an antisolvent. The concept of the biorefinery is defined as sustainable processing of feedstocks for bioenergy and biochemical purposes resulting in various marketable products, such as natural dyes, antioxidants, proteins for food and feed, lipids for biodiesel, and carbohydrates as feedstock for bioethanol production

ACS Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. Supercritical Fluid Biorefining Using Supercritical CO2 as an Antisolvent for Micronization, Coprecipitation, and Fractionation: Recent Applications. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 13 -32.

AMA Style

Diego T. Santos, Ádina L. Santana, M. Angela A. Meireles, M. Thereza M. S. Gomes, Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres, Juliana Albarelli, Aikaterini Bakatselou, Adriano V. Ensinas, François Maréchal. Supercritical Fluid Biorefining Using Supercritical CO2 as an Antisolvent for Micronization, Coprecipitation, and Fractionation: Recent Applications. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():13-32.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. 2020. "Supercritical Fluid Biorefining Using Supercritical CO2 as an Antisolvent for Micronization, Coprecipitation, and Fractionation: Recent Applications." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 13-32.

Chapter
Published: 10 June 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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This work investigates a novel approach for turmeric rhizomes valorization for the obtaining of microparticles composed of curcuminoids ethanolic extract and fractionated volatile oils, using compressed carbon dioxide as an antisolvent and the recovery of phenolic compounds and carbohydrates with pressurized hot water. In addition, a cheap and versatile method for the quantification curcuminoids using thin-layer chromatography coupled to image processing analysis was applied to the solid wastes and liquid extracts from turmeric, derived from extraction processes which employed supercritical CO2 and pressurized liquid ethanol. Coprecipitation of PEG with compressed CO2 resulted in the formation of spherical particles and blocks of aggregates. The reaction with vanillin-sulfuric acid reagent favored the detection of curcuminoids with a reasonable sensibility and wide linear range and mean recoveries between 92 and 104%.

ACS Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. Integrated Biorefinery Approach for the Valorization of Plant Materials Using Supercritical Antisolvent-Based Precipitation Technique for Obtaining Bioactive Compounds. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 33 -47.

AMA Style

Diego T. Santos, Ádina L. Santana, M. Angela A. Meireles, M. Thereza M. S. Gomes, Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres, Juliana Albarelli, Aikaterini Bakatselou, Adriano V. Ensinas, François Maréchal. Integrated Biorefinery Approach for the Valorization of Plant Materials Using Supercritical Antisolvent-Based Precipitation Technique for Obtaining Bioactive Compounds. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():33-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. 2020. "Integrated Biorefinery Approach for the Valorization of Plant Materials Using Supercritical Antisolvent-Based Precipitation Technique for Obtaining Bioactive Compounds." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 33-47.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2020 in Applied Energy
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Thermochemical biomass-to-fuel conversion requires an increased hydrogen concentration in the syngas derived from gasification, which is currently achieved by water–gas-shift reaction and CO2 removal. State-of-the-art biomass-to-fuels convert less than half of the biomass carbon with the remaining emitted as CO2. Full conversion of biomass carbon can be achieved by integrating solid-oxide electrolyzer with different concepts: (1) steam electrolysis with the hydrogen produced injected into syngas, and (2) co-electrolysis of CO2 and H2O to convert the CO2 captured from the syngas. This paper investigates techno-economically steam- or co-electrolysis-based biomass-to-fuel processes for producing synthetic natural gas, methanol, dimethyl ether and jet fuel, considering system-level heat integration and optimal placement of steam cycles for heat recovery. The results show that state-of-the-art biomass-to-fuels achieve similar energy efficiencies of 48–51% (based on a lower heating value) for the four different fuels. The integrated concept with steam electrolysis achieves the highest energy efficiency: 68% for synthetic natural gas, 64% for methanol, 63% for dimethyl ether, and 56% for jet fuel. The integrated concept with co-electrolysis can enhance the state-of-the-art energy efficiency to 66% for synthetic natural gas, 61% for methanol, and 54% for jet fuel. The biomass-to-dimethyl ether with co-electrolysis only reaches an efficiency of 49%, due to additional heat demand. The levelized cost of the product of the integrated concepts highly depends on the price and availability of renewable electricity. The concept with co-electrolysis allows for additional operation flexibility without renewable electricity, resulting in high annual production. Thus, with limited annual available hours of renewable electricity, biomass-to-fuel with co-electrolysis is more economically convenient than that with steam electrolysis. For a plant scale of 60 MWth biomass input with the renewable electricity available for 1800 h annually, the levelized cost of product of biomass-to-synthesis-natural-gas with co-electrolysis is 35 $/GJ, 20% lower than that with steam-electrolysis.

ACS Style

Hanfei Zhang; Ligang Wang; Jan Van Herle; François Maréchal; Umberto Desideri. Techno-economic evaluation of biomass-to-fuels with solid-oxide electrolyzer. Applied Energy 2020, 270, 115113 .

AMA Style

Hanfei Zhang, Ligang Wang, Jan Van Herle, François Maréchal, Umberto Desideri. Techno-economic evaluation of biomass-to-fuels with solid-oxide electrolyzer. Applied Energy. 2020; 270 ():115113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanfei Zhang; Ligang Wang; Jan Van Herle; François Maréchal; Umberto Desideri. 2020. "Techno-economic evaluation of biomass-to-fuels with solid-oxide electrolyzer." Applied Energy 270, no. : 115113.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Applied Energy
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ACS Style

Stefano Moret; Frédéric Babonneau; Michel Bierlaire; Francois Marechal. Overcapacity in European power systems: Analysis and robust optimization approach. Applied Energy 2020, 259, 1 .

AMA Style

Stefano Moret, Frédéric Babonneau, Michel Bierlaire, Francois Marechal. Overcapacity in European power systems: Analysis and robust optimization approach. Applied Energy. 2020; 259 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Moret; Frédéric Babonneau; Michel Bierlaire; Francois Marechal. 2020. "Overcapacity in European power systems: Analysis and robust optimization approach." Applied Energy 259, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 January 2020 in Energy
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With rising concerns about emissions from shipping, fuel cells are expected to take an important role in ship propulsion. In particular, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) offer high efficiency with the possibility of combined heat and power production. In this paper, we investigate energy, cost, and emission savings on ships resulting from the use of SOFCs using an optimization-based approach. A global sensitivity analysis was used to investigate the effects of the high uncertainty of problem parameters. This setup is applied to two case studies: a cruise ship and a tanker. The results show that SOFCs could provide a reduction in ship greenhouse gas emissions by up to 34% and that when using natural gas as fuel, SOFCs are the most cost-optimal solution that allows a significant reduction in GHG emissions. A wider adoption of SOFCs would also lead to a decrease of other pollutant emissions. The sensitivity analysis shows that the lifetime of the stack is the most impacting uncertain parameter, followed by fuel prices and by the investment cost of the SOFC stack. The study highlights that, in a future of stricter constraints on greenhouse gas emissions and where the SOFC technology will be fully industrialized, SOFCs will be able to play an important role in bridging shipping towards decarbonization.

ACS Style

Francesco Baldi; Stefano Moret; Kari Tammi; François Maréchal. The role of solid oxide fuel cells in future ship energy systems. Energy 2020, 194, 116811 .

AMA Style

Francesco Baldi, Stefano Moret, Kari Tammi, François Maréchal. The role of solid oxide fuel cells in future ship energy systems. Energy. 2020; 194 ():116811.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Baldi; Stefano Moret; Kari Tammi; François Maréchal. 2020. "The role of solid oxide fuel cells in future ship energy systems." Energy 194, no. : 116811.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2020 in Energies
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Different scenarios at different scales must be studied to help define long term policies to decarbonate our societies. In this work, we analyse the Belgian energy system in 2035 for different carbon emission targets, and accounting for electricity, heat, and mobility. To achieve this objective, we applied the EnergyScope Typical Days open source model, which optimises both the investment and the operation strategy of a complete energy system for a target year. The model includes 96 technologies and 24 resources that have to supply, hourly, the heat, electricity, mobility, and non-energy demands. In line with other research, we identify and quantify, with a merit order, different technological steps of the energy transition. The lack of endogenous resources in Belgium is highlighted and estimated at 275.6 TWh/y. It becomes obvious that additional potentials shall be obtained by importing renewable fuels and/or electricity, deploying geothermal energy, etc. Aside from a reduction of the energy demand, a mix of solutions is shown to be, by far, the most cost effective to reach low carbon emissions.

ACS Style

Gauthier Limpens; Hervé Jeanmart; Francois Maréchal. Belgian Energy Transition: What Are the Options? Energies 2020, 13, 261 .

AMA Style

Gauthier Limpens, Hervé Jeanmart, Francois Maréchal. Belgian Energy Transition: What Are the Options? Energies. 2020; 13 (1):261.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gauthier Limpens; Hervé Jeanmart; Francois Maréchal. 2020. "Belgian Energy Transition: What Are the Options?" Energies 13, no. 1: 261.

Book
Published: 01 January 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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This book provides deep insights about the fundamentals, applications and perspectives of the use of supercritical CO2 as solvent and antisolvent for biorefinering.

ACS Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Q. Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. Supercritical Fluid Biorefining. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Diego T. Santos, Ádina L. Santana, M. Angela A. Meireles, M. Thereza M. S. Gomes, Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres, Juliana Q. Albarelli, Aikaterini Bakatselou, Adriano V. Ensinas, François Maréchal. Supercritical Fluid Biorefining. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diego T. Santos; Ádina L. Santana; M. Angela A. Meireles; M. Thereza M. S. Gomes; Ricardo Abel Del Castillo Torres; Juliana Q. Albarelli; Aikaterini Bakatselou; Adriano V. Ensinas; François Maréchal. 2020. "Supercritical Fluid Biorefining." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 1.

Original research article
Published: 16 December 2019 in Frontiers in Energy Research
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In order to reduce the CO2 emissions in the transportation sector, one can electrify the vehicle, switch to biofuel, or capture and store CO2 on board. In this study, integration of an on board CO2 capture and storage unit with an internal combustion engine has been proposed. The technology can be applied for various internal combustion or Stirling engines with targeted applications in the transportation sector. Truck transport for goods delivery is used as an example for on board CO2 capture and storage system design. The investigated system integrates a temperature swing adsorption system for CO2 capture with a turbo-compressor system to compress and liquefy the captured CO2 using the waste heat of the exhaust gases of the engine. Energy and exergy analyses of the proposed CO2 captured system are studied in details. The CO2 capture system for engine exhaust stream (car, truck, bus, ship, or train) can capture 90% of the emitted CO2, without any energy penalty. This system can be integrated into overall mobility system (fuel-engine-CO2-fuel), where captured CO2 can be recycled as conventional liquid or gaseous fuels produced from renewable energy sources.

ACS Style

Shivom Sharma; François Maréchal. Carbon Dioxide Capture From Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Using Temperature Swing Adsorption. Frontiers in Energy Research 2019, 7, 1 .

AMA Style

Shivom Sharma, François Maréchal. Carbon Dioxide Capture From Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Using Temperature Swing Adsorption. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2019; 7 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shivom Sharma; François Maréchal. 2019. "Carbon Dioxide Capture From Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Using Temperature Swing Adsorption." Frontiers in Energy Research 7, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2019 in Applied Energy
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To reduce the fossil-fuel consumption and the impacts of conventional ammonia production on climate change, green ammonia production processes using green hydrogen need to be investigated. For commercial production scale, potential alternatives can be based on biomass gasification and water electrolysis via renewable energy, namely biomass- and power-to-ammonia. The former generally uses entrained flow gasifier due to low CO2 and almost no tar, and air separation units are shared by the gasifier and ammonia synthesis. The latter may use solid-oxide electrolyzer due to high electrical efficiency and the possibility of heat integration with the ammonia synthesis process. In this paper, techno-economic feasibility of these two green ammonia production processes are investigated and compared with the state-of-the-art methane-to-ammonia process, considering system-level heat integration and optimal placement of steam cycles for heat recovery. With a reference ammonia production of 50 kton/year, the results show that there are trade-offs between the overall energy efficiency (LHV) and ammonia production cost for all three cases. The biomass-to-ammonia is the most exothermic but is largely limited by the large heat requirement of acid gas removal. The steam cycles with three pressure levels are able to maximize the heat utilization at the system level. The power-to-ammonia achieves the highest system efficiency of over 74%, much higher than that of biomass-to-ammonia (44%) and methane-to-ammonia (61%). The biomass-to-ammonia reaches above 450 $/ton ammonia production cost with a payback time of over 6 years, higher than those of methane-to-ammonia (400 $/ton, 5 years). The power-to-ammonia is currently not economically feasible due to high stack costs and electricity prices; however, it can be competitive with a payback time of below 5 years with mass production of solid-oxide industry and increased renewable power penetration.

ACS Style

Hanfei Zhang; Ligang Wang; Jan Van Herle; Francois Marechal; Umberto Desideri. Techno-economic comparison of green ammonia production processes. Applied Energy 2019, 259, 114135 .

AMA Style

Hanfei Zhang, Ligang Wang, Jan Van Herle, Francois Marechal, Umberto Desideri. Techno-economic comparison of green ammonia production processes. Applied Energy. 2019; 259 ():114135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanfei Zhang; Ligang Wang; Jan Van Herle; Francois Marechal; Umberto Desideri. 2019. "Techno-economic comparison of green ammonia production processes." Applied Energy 259, no. : 114135.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2019 in Applied Energy
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The purpose of this paper is to assess techno-economically the integration of solid-oxide electrolysis in biomass-to-methanol processes: (1) The hydrogen produced by electrolysis can be used to adjust the composition of syngas from gasification to increase the conversion of carbon in biomass, (2) the oxygen as a byproduct of electrolysis can be used in the gasifier to avoid expensive air separation units, and (3) the overall process can be thermally integrated. Two integration concepts are proposed with different sizing methods of the electrolyzer: (1) the case of full conversion of carbon in biomass, in which a large electrolyzer is driven by the electricity purchased from the grid, and (2) the case of zero power exchange, in which only part of the carbon in biomass is converted reaching self-sufficiency of electricity. The three cases including the state-of-the-art biomass-to-methanol process are investigated to identify (1) possible trade-offs between efficiency and costs, and (2) under which conditions, these concepts become economically viable. With a reference methanol production of 100 kton/year, the results show that there is an optimal design for the state-of-the-art case, which offers an efficiency of 53.3% due to steam cycles and a payback time of 4.8 years. For the integrated concepts, there are sharp trade-offs between the system efficiency and methanol production cost rate. The case of full carbon conversion can reach an energy efficiency of 64.5–66.0% but results in a longer payback time of over 11 years. The case of zero-power exchange can achieve a similar efficiency as the state-of-the-art case with a slightly increased payback time of over 5.5 years. The payback time of the full carbon conversion case can be shorter than 5 years with a reduction in stack cost and electricity price, and an increase in stack lifetime.

ACS Style

Hanfei Zhang; Ligang Wang; Mar Pérez-Fortes; Jan Van Herle; Francois Marechal; Umberto Desideri. Techno-economic optimization of biomass-to-methanol with solid-oxide electrolyzer. Applied Energy 2019, 258, 114071 .

AMA Style

Hanfei Zhang, Ligang Wang, Mar Pérez-Fortes, Jan Van Herle, Francois Marechal, Umberto Desideri. Techno-economic optimization of biomass-to-methanol with solid-oxide electrolyzer. Applied Energy. 2019; 258 ():114071.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanfei Zhang; Ligang Wang; Mar Pérez-Fortes; Jan Van Herle; Francois Marechal; Umberto Desideri. 2019. "Techno-economic optimization of biomass-to-methanol with solid-oxide electrolyzer." Applied Energy 258, no. : 114071.