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Xingchang Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China

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Journal article
Published: 17 July 2021 in CATENA
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Soil bulk density (BD) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) are two critical soil physical parameters that affect soil water holding capacity, infiltration, carbon stocks, and many land and surface processes. Although variations in spatial and temporal BD and Ks are widely recognized and known to differ at different scales, little large-scale data is available. This study explores changes in spatial and temporal BD and Ks along a 500 km transect on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). On seven different occasions, we took BD and Ks measurements in undisturbed soil samples within the surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (10–20 cm) soil layers from August 2015 to October 2018 along this long transect. This transect covers two climate zones (subhumid and semiarid) and mainly includes five land-use types. BD and log10-transformed Ks (LogKs) exhibited weak and moderate spatial variations during different sampling periods along the long transect, respectively. The highest LogKs values of the two soil layers were observed in summer. Only BD (LogKs) in the surface soil layer of semiarid zone was significantly higher (lower). Grassland had slightly lower BD and higher Ks compared to the other land-use types. Climate had no significant effect on BD and Ks variability. Land-use type and season separately had a significant impact on BD and Ks variability, while sampling time significantly influenced both BD and Ks variability. Ks was negatively correlated with soil water content in spring, summer and autumn. In this long transect, spatial and temporal variations in BD and Ks are determined by land-use types, seasonal changes, sampling time and soil water condition. Understanding temporal BD and Ks variations and their dominant factors will help in the selection of soil physical parameters to optimize hydrological models more accurately at a regional scale.

ACS Style

Yali Zhao; Yunqiang Wang; Xingchang Zhang. Spatial and temporal variation in soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity and its influencing factors along a 500 km transect. CATENA 2021, 207, 105592 .

AMA Style

Yali Zhao, Yunqiang Wang, Xingchang Zhang. Spatial and temporal variation in soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity and its influencing factors along a 500 km transect. CATENA. 2021; 207 ():105592.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yali Zhao; Yunqiang Wang; Xingchang Zhang. 2021. "Spatial and temporal variation in soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity and its influencing factors along a 500 km transect." CATENA 207, no. : 105592.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2021 in CATENA
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Overland flow pathways probably play a key role in linking vegetation to its effects on runoff generation and soil loss on the hillslope. However, there is little empirical work testing the links. This study aims to address how flow pathway characteristics vary with plant spacing and determine their relationships with infiltration and soil loss. Upslope inflow experiments were carried out on 10 vegetated plots under a small inflow rate. Total flow path width (RW), mean width per flow path (WPP), and total flow path length (FL), were used to quantify the flow pathway characteristics by analyzing photographs of the plot surface taken during the experiment. The results showed that RW and WPP decreased (R2 = 0.86 and R2 = 0.90), while the FL increased (R2 = 0.67) as alfalfa spacing increased. The RW was positively related to the infiltration rate in the early period of the experiment, indicating that runoff loss via infiltration as affected by the flow paths needs to be considered in hydrological models. Runoff velocity was detected to be significantly related to the flow pathway characteristics. The relationship can partially explain the variances of runoff hydraulics on the vegetated hillslopes in previous studies, in which the variation of flow pathways was not taken into account. The soil loss decreased with the RW and WPP while increased with the FL. As the flow pathway characteristics expressed real-time and actual movement of overland flow, they represented the functional connectivity of sediment on the hillslope. The relationships between soil loss and flow pathway became insignificant as the upslope inflow progressed despite no marked change in the flow pathway. Our results imply that both functional connectivity and the soil's resistance to erosion should be considered to obtain a good prediction of the soil loss from hillslopes.

ACS Style

Lunjiang Wang; Yanle Zhang; Junchao Jia; Qing Zhen; Xingchang Zhang. Effect of vegetation on the flow pathways of steep hillslopes: Overland flow plot-scale experiments and their implications. CATENA 2021, 204, 105438 .

AMA Style

Lunjiang Wang, Yanle Zhang, Junchao Jia, Qing Zhen, Xingchang Zhang. Effect of vegetation on the flow pathways of steep hillslopes: Overland flow plot-scale experiments and their implications. CATENA. 2021; 204 ():105438.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lunjiang Wang; Yanle Zhang; Junchao Jia; Qing Zhen; Xingchang Zhang. 2021. "Effect of vegetation on the flow pathways of steep hillslopes: Overland flow plot-scale experiments and their implications." CATENA 204, no. : 105438.

Research article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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In order to explore the comprehensive utilisation and recycling technology of Caragana korshinskii resources, a new agricultural biomass waste, 15 kinds of Caragana korshinskii biochar (CB) were prepared by controlling the pyrolysis temperature and time at the anaerobic environment. Moreover, we pay more attention to deriving the adsorption mechanisms and exploring the difference in adsorption characteristics of Pb2+ and Cd2+. The optimal preparation conditions and the batch adsorption experiments were evaluated, and the adsorption characteristics and mechanisms were discussed using 8 theoretical adsorption models and multiple characterisation methods. The results showed that the CB prepared at 650 °C for 3 h presented the best performance. The Langmuir and Freundlich models can well simulate the isotherm adsorption process of CB for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of CB for Pb2+ and Cd2+ were best fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption equilibrium for Pb2+ and Cd2+ was reached within 3 h, and their maximum adsorption capacity reached 220.94 mg g−1 and 42.43 mg g−1, respectively. In addition, the best addition amount was 3 g L−1 and 2.2 g L−1 for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively. The optimum pH range was 3–6 for Pb2+ and 6–7.5 for Cd2+. The adsorption mechanisms of CB for Pb2+ and Cd2+ were physicochemical composite adsorption processes, mainly including physical sorption on surface sites, intraparticle diffusion, electrostatic adsorption, ion/ligand exchange, cationic-π interactions, surface complexation and precipitation. Furthermore, the ash of CB also presented a positive effect on the adsorption of Pb2+. Compared with other cellulose- and lignin-based biomass materials, CB showed low cost and efficient performance without complicated modification conditions. Therefore, this study demonstrates that CB is a promising raw material in water pollution control to immobilise heavy metals.

ACS Style

Tongtong Wang; Jiyong Zheng; Hongtao Liu; Qin Peng; Huoming Zhou; Xingchang Zhang. Adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by a new agricultural waste–Caragana korshinskii biomass derived biochar. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 13800 -13818.

AMA Style

Tongtong Wang, Jiyong Zheng, Hongtao Liu, Qin Peng, Huoming Zhou, Xingchang Zhang. Adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by a new agricultural waste–Caragana korshinskii biomass derived biochar. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (11):13800-13818.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tongtong Wang; Jiyong Zheng; Hongtao Liu; Qin Peng; Huoming Zhou; Xingchang Zhang. 2020. "Adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by a new agricultural waste–Caragana korshinskii biomass derived biochar." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 11: 13800-13818.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2020 in Sustainability
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Spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is important for the development of ecosystem carbon cycle models and assessment of soil quality. In this study, a total of 732 soil samples from 122 soil profiles (0–10, 10–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm) were collected by a combination of fixed-point sampling and route surveys in an agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China and the spatial variation of the SOC in the samples was analyzed through classical statistical and geostatistical approaches. The results showed that the SOC contents decreased from 4.31 g/kg in the 0–10 cm to 1.57 g/kg in the 80–100 cm soil layer. The spatial heterogeneity of the SOC exhibited moderate and strong dependence for all the soil layers owing to random and structural factors including soil texture, topography, and human activities. The spatial distributions of the SOC increased gradually from northeast to southwest in the 0–40 cm soil layers, but there was no general trend in deep soil layers and different interpolation methods resulted in the inconsistent spatial distribution of SOC. The storage of SOC was expected to be 25 Tg in the 0–100 cm soil depths for the whole area of 7692 km2. The SOC stocks estimated by two interpolation approaches were very close (25.65 vs. 25.86 Tg), but the inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation generated a more detailed map of SOC and with higher determination coefficient (R2); therefore, the IDW was recognized as an appropriate method to investigate the spatial variability of SOC in this region.

ACS Style

Yanjiang Zhang; Qing Zhen; Pengfei Li; Yongxing Cui; Junwei Xin; Yuan Yuan; Zhuhua Wu; Xingchang Zhang. Storage of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Spatial Variability in an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Northern China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2259 .

AMA Style

Yanjiang Zhang, Qing Zhen, Pengfei Li, Yongxing Cui, Junwei Xin, Yuan Yuan, Zhuhua Wu, Xingchang Zhang. Storage of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Spatial Variability in an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Northern China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanjiang Zhang; Qing Zhen; Pengfei Li; Yongxing Cui; Junwei Xin; Yuan Yuan; Zhuhua Wu; Xingchang Zhang. 2020. "Storage of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Spatial Variability in an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Northern China." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2259.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The Loess Plateau has one of the most vulnerable ecological environments in the world, but it also contains abundant oil and gas resources that are regularly exploited, which has resulted in serious environmental problems. Therefore, it is important to analyze the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in the topsoil of this region. The ∑16PAHs concentrations between 1980–1999 and 2000–2019 ranged from 1134.20–15871.04 and 1010.67–18,068.80 µg kg−1, with average values of 5021.30 and 5662.82 µg kg−1. All samples displayed heavy pollution levels according to European soil quality standards. In addition, among the measured physicochemical properties, the soil organic carbon (SOC) had the greatest influence on PAHs, while soil particle size distribution had the smallest effect. Source apportionment indicated that the two main sources were petroleum source (37.57%) and vehicular traffic source (25.88%). Lastly, an assessment of the carcinogenic risks illustrated that more focus should be placed on the dermal pathway in which the human body is exposed to soil PAHs. Overall, the carcinogenic risks in different populations did not exceed 10−4, but there was still a potential carcinogenic risk in some age groups, especially in adult women.

ACS Style

Di Wang; Shilei Zhu; Lijing Wang; Qing Zhen; Fengpeng Han; Xingchang Zhang. Distribution, Origins and Hazardous Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Topsoil Surrounding Oil Fields: A Case Study on the Loess Plateau, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1390 .

AMA Style

Di Wang, Shilei Zhu, Lijing Wang, Qing Zhen, Fengpeng Han, Xingchang Zhang. Distribution, Origins and Hazardous Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Topsoil Surrounding Oil Fields: A Case Study on the Loess Plateau, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (4):1390.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Di Wang; Shilei Zhu; Lijing Wang; Qing Zhen; Fengpeng Han; Xingchang Zhang. 2020. "Distribution, Origins and Hazardous Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Topsoil Surrounding Oil Fields: A Case Study on the Loess Plateau, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1390.

Erratum
Published: 20 September 2019 in Sustainability
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The authors would like to make the following corrections about the published paper [1]. The changes are as follows:

ACS Style

Pengfei Li; Xingchang Zhang; Mingde Hao; Yongxing Cui; Shilei Zhu. Erratum: Li, P.; Zhang, X.; et al. Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Bacterial Communities, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrients of Reconstructed Soil in a Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2295. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5171 .

AMA Style

Pengfei Li, Xingchang Zhang, Mingde Hao, Yongxing Cui, Shilei Zhu. Erratum: Li, P.; Zhang, X.; et al. Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Bacterial Communities, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrients of Reconstructed Soil in a Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2295. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pengfei Li; Xingchang Zhang; Mingde Hao; Yongxing Cui; Shilei Zhu. 2019. "Erratum: Li, P.; Zhang, X.; et al. Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Bacterial Communities, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrients of Reconstructed Soil in a Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2295." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5171.

Journal article
Published: 17 April 2019 in Sustainability
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Soil microbes are the main driving forces and influencing factors of biochemical reactions in the environment. Study of ecological recovery after mining activities has prompted wider recognition of the importance of microbial diversity to ecosystem recovery; however, the response of soil bacterial communities to vegetation restoration types and soil biochemical properties remains poorly understood. The purpose of this research was to explore the soil bacterial communities and soil biochemical properties at four sampling sites (brushland (BL), forestland (FL), grassland (GL) and unreclaimed land (UL)) on the Loess Plateau, China, to evaluate the effect of vegetation restoration on the reconstructed soil in mining areas. In August 2017, samples were collected at the Heidaigou coal mine dumps. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to identify the structure of the soil bacterial community and evaluate its relationships with soil biochemical properties. The results showed that soil biochemical properties (soil organic matter, available phosphorus, urease, sucrase, microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen) were significantly increased in BL, FL and GL relative to UL, indicating that the soil quality was significantly improved by vegetation restoration. In addition, the results showed that the vegetation restoration on the reconstructed soil in the mining area could significantly improve the operational taxonomic units (OTUs), abundance (ACE and Chao1) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson) indices of bacterial community and the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. With vegetation restoration, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria showed an increasing trend, while that of Actinobacteria showed a decreasing trend, and the dominant phyla were only significantly correlated with a few biochemical properties. Moreover, there were no changes in soil bacterial community structures across the four sampling sites and the response of the bacterial community to biochemical properties was not obvious. This implies that, although the region has experienced about 20 years of vegetation restoration, the microbial community still maintains good stability and lagging response to soil biochemical properties. Since the BL soil had better biochemical properties and higher bacterial richness and diversity, it was recommended as the optimum vegetation restoration type for soil reclamation in this area.

ACS Style

Pengfei Li; Xingchang Zhang; Mingde Hao; Yongxing Cui; Shilei Zhu; Yanjiang Zhang. Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Bacterial Communities, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrients of Reconstructed Soil in a Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2295 .

AMA Style

Pengfei Li, Xingchang Zhang, Mingde Hao, Yongxing Cui, Shilei Zhu, Yanjiang Zhang. Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Bacterial Communities, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrients of Reconstructed Soil in a Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (8):2295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pengfei Li; Xingchang Zhang; Mingde Hao; Yongxing Cui; Shilei Zhu; Yanjiang Zhang. 2019. "Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Bacterial Communities, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrients of Reconstructed Soil in a Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China." Sustainability 11, no. 8: 2295.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Dramatic changes in soil during opencast coal mine activities inevitably change soil water and solute movement. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of mining on solute transport in different soil profiles and to find the relationships between solute transport parameters and soil physicochemical characteristics. After taking undisturbed soil columns from the different soil profiles of natural land (NLs) and reclaimed mine land (RLs), ammonium nitrate displacement studies were conducted, and the breakthrough curves (BTCs) of NO3− and NH4+ were obtained. Due to mining and reconstruction, soil texture became coarser, bulk density increased 2.77–15.15%, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic matter (SOM), and total nitrogen (TN) content decreased 19.54–37.25%, 53.66–72.05%, and 42.58–58.55%, respectively. Additionally, the distributions of the physicochemical properties changed. The BTCs of NO3− for all soil columns can be well explained by both the convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and the two-region model (T-R). The transport parameters average pore water velocity (v), dispersion coefficient (D), and dispersivity (λ) were lower in RLs, which indicates that solutes became difficult to penetrate after mining. A significantly correlated relationship of bulk density and soil texture with the v, D, and λ parameters only occurred in the RLs samples. This result indicates that transport processes in NLs columns became more complicated and that soil texture and bulk density played an important role in the transport process of RLs columns. The two-site model could well describe NH4+ transport for both NLs and RLs and provided a slightly better fit in RLs. This finding also gave evidence that RLs became homogeneous after mining and reconstruction. The parameter retardation factor (R) was significantly correlated to CEC, bulk density and soil texture in RLs. These results suggest that soil becomes homogeneous after mining and reconstruction and that high bulk density and fine soil texture could decrease the risk of leaching of solutes.

ACS Style

Qing Zhen; Jiyong Zheng; Xingchang Zhang; Ming'an Shao. Changes of solute transport characteristics in soil profile after mining at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 665, 142 -152.

AMA Style

Qing Zhen, Jiyong Zheng, Xingchang Zhang, Ming'an Shao. Changes of solute transport characteristics in soil profile after mining at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 665 ():142-152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qing Zhen; Jiyong Zheng; Xingchang Zhang; Ming'an Shao. 2019. "Changes of solute transport characteristics in soil profile after mining at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China." Science of The Total Environment 665, no. : 142-152.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Vadose Zone Journal
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Soil water content (SWC) varies both spatially and temporally and is highly controlled by various factors operating at different intensities and scales. In this study, we investigated the scale-specific controls of SWC along a 500-km transect using multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) at 42 sites. Soil water content and six environmental factors were divided into different intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and residuals to represent different scales. Different values of IMFs for SWC and environmental factors were obtained throughout the whole profile and within five soil layers (0–1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–4, and 4–5 m). The largest scales (i.e., the scales that explain largest portion of variances) of SWC and environmental factors depended on the soil layer from which SWC was involved in MEMD analysis, and they were 272, 126, 134, 126, 117, and 121 km for soil layers from 0 to 1, 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4, 4 to 5, and 0 to 5 m, respectively. The residuals accounted for a majority (33–78.1%) of the variance of the original data. At large scales (>250 km), precipitation and temperature were the controlling factors on SWC, whereas at moderate scales (65 km), elevation and sand were the factors determining SWC. In contrast, at all scales, clay content affected SWC distribution. The scale-specific prediction of SWC on the basis of IMFs and residuals contained more information on environmental factors than the results obtained at the measurement scale. Overall, SWC prediction from IMFs and their residuals were superior to those based on the original data. Using information obtained from MEMD could improve our understanding of the scale-specific characteristics of soil water and environmental factors across a long transect scale. Copyright © 2018. . Copyright © by the Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

ACS Style

Yali Zhao; Yunqiang Wang; Xingchang Zhang; Li Wang. Exploring Scale-Specific Controls on Soil Water Content across a 500-Kilometer Transect Using Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition. Vadose Zone Journal 2018, 17, 180097 .

AMA Style

Yali Zhao, Yunqiang Wang, Xingchang Zhang, Li Wang. Exploring Scale-Specific Controls on Soil Water Content across a 500-Kilometer Transect Using Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition. Vadose Zone Journal. 2018; 17 (1):180097.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yali Zhao; Yunqiang Wang; Xingchang Zhang; Li Wang. 2018. "Exploring Scale-Specific Controls on Soil Water Content across a 500-Kilometer Transect Using Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition." Vadose Zone Journal 17, no. 1: 180097.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The three most representative areas of petroleum pollution on the Loess Plateau are the research subjects of this study. In this study, 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by the QuEChERS method combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The total concentrations of ∑16PAHs in top layer soils (0–10 cm), middle layer soils (10–30 cm), and bottom layer soils (30–50 cm) ranged from 1010.67 to 18,068.80, 495.85 to 9868.56 and 213.16 to 12,552.53 μg/kg, with an average of 5502.44, 2296.94 and 2203.88 μg/kg, respectively. The 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs were the most prominent components in all soil samples. Meanwhile, the average value of ∑16PAHs decreased with the depth, from 5502.44 μg/kg (0–10 cm) to 2203.88 μg/kg (30–50 cm). The PAHs levels in the studied soils were heavily polluted (over 1000 μg/kg) according to the Soils Quality Guidelines and 95% of PAHs come from petroleum sources. Moreover, the total of PAHs in petroleum-contaminated soils was assigned a high ecological risk level. Toxic equivalency quantities (TEQs) indicated that PAHs in petroleum-contaminated soils presented relatively high toxicity.

ACS Style

Di Wang; Jing Ma; Hao Li; Xingchang Zhang. Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk of PAHs in Different Layers of Soil in the Petroleum-Contaminated Areas of the Loess Plateau, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1785 .

AMA Style

Di Wang, Jing Ma, Hao Li, Xingchang Zhang. Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk of PAHs in Different Layers of Soil in the Petroleum-Contaminated Areas of the Loess Plateau, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (8):1785.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Di Wang; Jing Ma; Hao Li; Xingchang Zhang. 2018. "Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk of PAHs in Different Layers of Soil in the Petroleum-Contaminated Areas of the Loess Plateau, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8: 1785.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2017 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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To elucidate the adsorption property and the mechanism of plant residues to reduce oxytetracycline (OTC), the adsorption of OTC onto raw willow roots (WR-R), stems (WS-R), leaves (WL-R), and adsorption onto desugared willow roots (WR-D), stems (WS-D), and leaves (WL-D) were investigated. The structural characterization was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectra, and an elemental analyzer. OTC adsorption onto the different tissues of willow residues was compared and correlated with their structures. The adsorption kinetics of OTC onto willow residues was found to follow the pseudo-first-order model. The isothermal adsorption process of OTC onto the different tissues of willow residues followed the Langmuir and Freundlich model and the process was also a spontaneous endothermic reaction, which was mainly physical adsorption. After the willow residues were desugared, the polarity decreased and the aromaticity increased, which explained why the adsorption amounts of the desugared willow residues were higher than those of the unmodified residues. These observations suggest that the raw and modified willow residues have great potential as adsorbents to remove organic pollutants.

ACS Style

Di Wang; Haiyang Xu; Shengke Yang; Wenke Wang; Yanhua Wang. Adsorption Property and Mechanism of Oxytetracycline onto Willow Residues. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017, 15, 8 .

AMA Style

Di Wang, Haiyang Xu, Shengke Yang, Wenke Wang, Yanhua Wang. Adsorption Property and Mechanism of Oxytetracycline onto Willow Residues. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 15 (1):8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Di Wang; Haiyang Xu; Shengke Yang; Wenke Wang; Yanhua Wang. 2017. "Adsorption Property and Mechanism of Oxytetracycline onto Willow Residues." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 1: 8.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2017 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Coal fly ash (CFA) is a problematic solid waste all over the world. One distinct beneficial reuse of CFA is its utilization in land application as a soil amendment. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the feasibility of using CFA to improve plant growth and increase the supply of plant-essential elements and selenium (Se) of a loessial soil for agricultural purpose. Plants of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) were grown in a loessial soil amended with different rates (5%, 10%, 20% and 40%) of CFA for two years and subjected to four successive cuttings. Dry mass of shoots and roots, concentrations of plant-essential elements and Se in plants were measured. Shoot dry mass and root dry mass were always significantly increased by 5%, 10% and 20% CFA treatments, and by 40% CFA treatment in all harvests except the first one. The CFA had a higher supply of exchangeable phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), and Se than the loessial soil. Shoot P, calcium (Ca), Mg, Mo, boron (B), and Se concentrations were generally markedly increased, but shoot potassium (K), Cu, and Zn concentrations were generally reduced. The CFA can be a promising source of some essential elements and Se for plants grown in the loessial soil, and an application rate of not higher than 5% should be safe for agricultural purpose without causing plant toxicity symptoms in the studied loessial soil and similar soils. Field trials will be carried out to confirm the results of the pot experiment.

ACS Style

Honghua He; Zhigang Dong; Qi Peng; Xia Wang; Chenbin Fan; Xingchang Zhang. Impacts of coal fly ash on plant growth and accumulation of essential nutrients and trace elements by alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) grown in a loessial soil. Journal of Environmental Management 2017, 197, 428 -439.

AMA Style

Honghua He, Zhigang Dong, Qi Peng, Xia Wang, Chenbin Fan, Xingchang Zhang. Impacts of coal fly ash on plant growth and accumulation of essential nutrients and trace elements by alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) grown in a loessial soil. Journal of Environmental Management. 2017; 197 ():428-439.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Honghua He; Zhigang Dong; Qi Peng; Xia Wang; Chenbin Fan; Xingchang Zhang. 2017. "Impacts of coal fly ash on plant growth and accumulation of essential nutrients and trace elements by alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) grown in a loessial soil." Journal of Environmental Management 197, no. : 428-439.

Regular article
Published: 01 April 2017 in Plant and Soil
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Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major problem for alfalfa (Medicago sativa) productivity on alkaline soils on the Loess Plateau, China. Our aim was to investigate growth, morphological and physiological responses of alfalfa to P supply in two alkaline soils when water supply is limited. A pot experiment was carried out to grow alfalfa in two alkaline soils supplied with different rates of P. Parameters of plant growth and root morphology, rhizosphere pH and carboxylates, and plant concentrations of mineral nutrients were measured. Plant growth and nutrient uptake were enhanced by supplying P, but shoot growth was not further increased when P supply was >20 μg P g−1 soil. Specific root length was only responsive to changes in soil P when P supply was low in the loessial soil. The rhizosphere carboxylate amount was significantly greater when no P was supplied than when P was supplied to the loessial soil. The rhizosphere pH was lower than the bulk soil pH, but did not vary with soil P. A P supply of 20 μg P g−1 soil was optimal for alfalfa growth. The responses of specific root length and rhizosphere carboxylates depended on soil type.

ACS Style

Honghua He; Qi Peng; Xia Wang; Chenbin Fan; Jiayin Pang; Hans Lambers; Xingchang Zhang. Growth, morphological and physiological responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to phosphorus supply in two alkaline soils. Plant and Soil 2017, 416, 565 -584.

AMA Style

Honghua He, Qi Peng, Xia Wang, Chenbin Fan, Jiayin Pang, Hans Lambers, Xingchang Zhang. Growth, morphological and physiological responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to phosphorus supply in two alkaline soils. Plant and Soil. 2017; 416 (1-2):565-584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Honghua He; Qi Peng; Xia Wang; Chenbin Fan; Jiayin Pang; Hans Lambers; Xingchang Zhang. 2017. "Growth, morphological and physiological responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to phosphorus supply in two alkaline soils." Plant and Soil 416, no. 1-2: 565-584.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in CATENA
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ACS Style

Qing Zhen; Wenmei Ma; Mingming Li; Honghua He; Xingchang Zhang; Yi Wang. Reprint of “Effects of vegetation and physicochemical properties on solute transport in reclaimed soil at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China”. CATENA 2017, 148, 17 -25.

AMA Style

Qing Zhen, Wenmei Ma, Mingming Li, Honghua He, Xingchang Zhang, Yi Wang. Reprint of “Effects of vegetation and physicochemical properties on solute transport in reclaimed soil at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China”. CATENA. 2017; 148 ():17-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qing Zhen; Wenmei Ma; Mingming Li; Honghua He; Xingchang Zhang; Yi Wang. 2017. "Reprint of “Effects of vegetation and physicochemical properties on solute transport in reclaimed soil at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China”." CATENA 148, no. : 17-25.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2016 in Journal of Environmental Sciences
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Soil CO2 efflux (SCE) is an important component of ecosystem CO2 exchange and is largely temperature and moisture dependent, providing feedback between C cycling and the climate system. We used a precipitation manipulation experiment to examine the effects of precipitation treatment on SCE and its dependences on soil temperature and moisture in a semiarid grassland. Precipitation manipulation included ambient precipitation, decreased precipitation (− 43%), or increased precipitation (+ 17%). The SCE was measured from July 2013 to December 2014, and CO2 emission during the experimental period was assessed. The response curves of SCE to soil temperature and moisture were analyzed to determine whether the dependence of SCE on soil temperature or moisture varied with precipitation manipulation. The SCE significantly varied seasonally but was not affected by precipitation treatments regardless of season. Increasing precipitation resulted in an upward shift of SCE–temperature response curves and rightward shift of SCE–moisture response curves, while decreasing precipitation resulted in opposite shifts of such response curves. These shifts in the SCE response curves suggested that increasing precipitation strengthened the dependence of SCE on temperature or moisture, and decreasing precipitation weakened such dependences. Such shifts affected the predictions in soil CO2 emissions for different precipitation treatments. When considering such shifts, decreasing or increasing precipitation resulted in 43 or 75% less change, respectively, in CO2 emission compared with changes in emissions predicted without considering such shifts. Furthermore, the effects of shifts in SCE response curves on CO2 emission prediction were greater during the growing than the non-growing season.

ACS Style

Xiaorong Wei; Yanjiang Zhang; Jian Liu; Hailong Gao; Jun Fan; Xiaoxu Jia; Jimin Cheng; Mingan Shao; Xingchang Zhang. Response of soil CO2 efflux to precipitation manipulation in a semiarid grassland. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016, 45, 207 -214.

AMA Style

Xiaorong Wei, Yanjiang Zhang, Jian Liu, Hailong Gao, Jun Fan, Xiaoxu Jia, Jimin Cheng, Mingan Shao, Xingchang Zhang. Response of soil CO2 efflux to precipitation manipulation in a semiarid grassland. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2016; 45 ():207-214.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaorong Wei; Yanjiang Zhang; Jian Liu; Hailong Gao; Jun Fan; Xiaoxu Jia; Jimin Cheng; Mingan Shao; Xingchang Zhang. 2016. "Response of soil CO2 efflux to precipitation manipulation in a semiarid grassland." Journal of Environmental Sciences 45, no. : 207-214.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in International Journal of Agriculture and Biology
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Xianghong Liu; Fengpeng Han; Wei Liu; Zhenyu Wang; Xiufang Zhao; Xingchang Zhang. Impacts of Biochar Amended Soils on Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Growth under Different Water Stress Conditions. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 2016, 18, 630 -636.

AMA Style

Xianghong Liu, Fengpeng Han, Wei Liu, Zhenyu Wang, Xiufang Zhao, Xingchang Zhang. Impacts of Biochar Amended Soils on Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Growth under Different Water Stress Conditions. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 2016; 18 (3):630-636.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xianghong Liu; Fengpeng Han; Wei Liu; Zhenyu Wang; Xiufang Zhao; Xingchang Zhang. 2016. "Impacts of Biochar Amended Soils on Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Growth under Different Water Stress Conditions." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 18, no. 3: 630-636.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Geoderma
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Xiaorong Wei; Tiane Ma; Yuhong Wang; Yanchun Wei; Mingde Hao; Mingan Shao; Xingchang Zhang. Long-term fertilization increases the temperature sensitivity of OC mineralization in soil aggregates of a highland agroecosystem. Geoderma 2016, 272, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Xiaorong Wei, Tiane Ma, Yuhong Wang, Yanchun Wei, Mingde Hao, Mingan Shao, Xingchang Zhang. Long-term fertilization increases the temperature sensitivity of OC mineralization in soil aggregates of a highland agroecosystem. Geoderma. 2016; 272 ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaorong Wei; Tiane Ma; Yuhong Wang; Yanchun Wei; Mingde Hao; Mingan Shao; Xingchang Zhang. 2016. "Long-term fertilization increases the temperature sensitivity of OC mineralization in soil aggregates of a highland agroecosystem." Geoderma 272, no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2016 in Journal of Arid Land
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The infiltration of water into soil is one of the most important soil physical properties that affect soil erosion and the eco-environment, especially in the Pisha sandstone area on the Chinese Loess Plateau. We studied the one-dimensional vertical infiltration of water in three experimental soils, created by mixing Pisha sandstone with sandy soil, irrigation-silted soil, and loessial soil, at mass ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. Our objective was to compare water infiltration in the experimental soils and to evaluate the effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration. We assessed the effect by measuring soil bulk density (BD), porosity, cumulative infiltration, infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks). The results showed that Pisha sandstone decreased the infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity in the three experimental soils. Cumulative infiltration over time was well described by the Philip equation. Sandy soil mixed with the Pisha sandstone at a ratio of 1:3 had the best water-holding capacity. The results provided experimental evidence for the movement of soil water and a technical support for the reconstruction and reclamation of mining soils in the Pisha sandstone area.

ACS Style

Wenmei Ma; Xingchang Zhang. Effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration of different soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Journal of Arid Land 2016, 8, 331 -340.

AMA Style

Wenmei Ma, Xingchang Zhang. Effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration of different soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Journal of Arid Land. 2016; 8 (3):331-340.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenmei Ma; Xingchang Zhang. 2016. "Effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration of different soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau." Journal of Arid Land 8, no. 3: 331-340.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in Chemosphere
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In sandy soil, water, nutrients and even pollutants are easily leaching to deeper layers. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of Pisha sandstone on soil solute transport in a sandy soil. The miscible displacement technique was used to obtain breakthrough curves (BTCs) of Br(-) as an inert non-adsorbed tracer and Na(+) as an adsorbed tracer. The incorporation of Pisha sandstone into sandy soil was able to prevent the early breakthrough of both tracers by decreasing the saturated hydraulic conductivity compared to the controlled sandy soil column, and the impeding effects increased with Pisha sandstone content. The BTCs of Br(-) were accurately described by both the convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and the two-region model (T-R), and the T-R model fitted the experimental data slightly better than the CDE. The two-site nonequilibrium model (T-S) accurately fit the Na(+) transport data. Pisha sandstone impeded the breakthrough of Na(+) not only by decreasing the saturated hydraulic conductivity but also by increasing the adsorption capacity of the soil. The measured CEC values of Pisha sandstone were up to 11 times larger than those of the sandy soil. The retardation factors (R) determined by the T-S model increased with increasing Pisha sandstone content, and the partition coefficient (K(d)) showed a similar trend to R. According to the results of this study, Pisha sandstone can successfully impede solute transport in a sandy soil column.

ACS Style

Qing Zhen; Jiyong Zheng; Honghua He; Fengpeng Han; Xingchang Zhang. Effects of Pisha sandstone content on solute transport in a sandy soil. Chemosphere 2016, 144, 2214 -2220.

AMA Style

Qing Zhen, Jiyong Zheng, Honghua He, Fengpeng Han, Xingchang Zhang. Effects of Pisha sandstone content on solute transport in a sandy soil. Chemosphere. 2016; 144 ():2214-2220.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qing Zhen; Jiyong Zheng; Honghua He; Fengpeng Han; Xingchang Zhang. 2016. "Effects of Pisha sandstone content on solute transport in a sandy soil." Chemosphere 144, no. : 2214-2220.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2015 in CATENA
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Qing Zhen; Wenmei Ma; Mingming Li; Honghua He; Xingchang Zhang; Yi Wang. Effects of vegetation and physicochemical properties on solute transport in reclaimed soil at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China. CATENA 2015, 133, 403 -411.

AMA Style

Qing Zhen, Wenmei Ma, Mingming Li, Honghua He, Xingchang Zhang, Yi Wang. Effects of vegetation and physicochemical properties on solute transport in reclaimed soil at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China. CATENA. 2015; 133 ():403-411.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qing Zhen; Wenmei Ma; Mingming Li; Honghua He; Xingchang Zhang; Yi Wang. 2015. "Effects of vegetation and physicochemical properties on solute transport in reclaimed soil at an opencast coal mine site on the Loess Plateau, China." CATENA 133, no. : 403-411.