Background: The gut microbiota serves as a critical interface between lifestyle factors and host physiology. Despite extensive research on individual domains including diet, sleep, and exercise, an integrated understanding of their synergistic effects on microbial communities remains incomplete. This knowledge gap limits our ability to develop targeted microbiome-based interventions for metabolic and immune-related disorders.Methods: To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of peer-reviewed literature from 2000 to present, identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using key terms related to gut microbiota and lifestyle interventions. Our analysis focused on studies incorporating microbiome profiling techniques, controlled lifestyle interventions, and multi-omics data integration. The review prioritized mechanistic insights from both clinical and preclinical investigations while critically assessing methodological approaches across the field.Results: High-fiber dietary patterns consistently promoted the abundance of beneficial, short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, though with notable inter-individual variation. Circadian rhythm disruption was associated with reduced microbial diversity and expansion of pro-inflammatory bacterial taxa, paralleling increases in systemic inflammation markers. Athletic populations demonstrated unique microbial signatures characterized by enhanced metabolic potential, with distinct taxonomic profiles emerging across different sport disciplines.Conclusion: This work synthesizes current evidence into a novel framework for understanding lifestyle-microbiota interactions, while identifying key challenges in study design and data interpretation. We propose standardized methodological approaches for future investigations and outline translational strategies for personalized microbiota modulation. These insights advance the potential for targeted microbial interventions to optimize metabolic and immune health outcomes.

Aims: This study aimed to analyse the evolution of the public image of nursing in the context of the constantly developing nursing profession.Design: The Rodger's evolving concept analysis was applied.Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched for articles published between 1 January 2001, and 30 April 2022, using the search terms; “NURS * AND image”. The selected literature was screened using Rodgers' evolutionary method to explore the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept.Results: The defining attributes were identified as nursing (nursing as the collective object), public (public as the collective subject) and information (the medium of interaction between the collective subject and the collective object). Nursing elements were classified into intrinsic elements (professional spirit, professional knowledge and professional skills) and extrinsic (appearance, language and behaviour) elements. Public elements were further subcategorized into public categories (internal organizational public and external organizational public) and public perceptions (cognition, emotion and behavioural intention). The information elements are mainly classified as information generation, dissemination, identification, processing and judgement. The antecedents and consequences of the public perception of nursing were also identified.Conclusions: The public image of nursing is dynamic and has evolved over time. Its dynamism and malleability imply that the traditional public image of nursing can be improved through targeted interventions in nursing practice, management and education.Implications for the Profession: Identifying the antecedents and consequences associated with the public image of nursing will help the healthcare organizations adopt effective strategies to alleviate the shortage of the nursing workforce and promote the development of the nursing profession.No Patient or Public Contribution.