To estimate the synergistic emission reduction effect resulting from carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS) pilots launched in 2013, this study estimated the synergistic emission reduction relationship between carbon dioxide (CO₂) and atmospheric pollutants, consisting of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_X), dust pollutants (Dust) and particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5). Using the extended logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method and the IPAT equation, the synergistic emission reduction effect was decomposed into direct and indirect categories driven by energy efficiency, economic development and industrial structure. Moreover, the synergistic emission reduction effect of ETS pilots was quantified with the difference-in-differences method (DID) and propensity score matching difference-in-differences method (PSM-DID). The results show that, from 2013 to 2016, CO₂ and atmospheric pollutants achieved emission reduction synergistically through ETS, among which the synergistic emission reduction effect between CO₂ and SO₂ was most significant. Compared with the direct category, the indirect category accounted for smaller proportion of the synergistic emission reduction effect. The combined action of energy efficiency and industrial structure has a potential positive influence on synergistic emission reduction effect of ETS. Consequently, this suggests that the government needs to develop the domestic carbon market further, improve energy efficiency and optimize industrial structure to promote synergistic emission reduction.

The Northeast Asia, as one of the most rapidly development regions, has a large amount of energy consumption. Therefore, it is very significant to study the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in the Northeast Asia. This paper builds Panel Data Model to study the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in China, Japan, and Korea from 1991 to 2015, on the basis of analyzing the impact mechanism that natural gas has on economic growth. This paper finds that the Japan’s elasticity coefficient of natural gas consumption is the highest, whereas Korea’s is the lowest, and China’s is in the middle of these two countries, because of countries’ different development level and energy consumption mode. Moreover, the results of Granger causality relationship test show that there is only one-way Granger causality relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth of China, but no causal relationship is found for Japan and Korea.

Biomass is a nonorganic fuel that has a high potential for transforming into favorable chemicals in pyrolysis and syngas reaction in gasification reaction. However, economic problems in design and operation of gasification systems are the most important problems in this field. The present research aims to review current conditions and economic characteristics of this process. This research also studied economic characteristics of different produced chemicals such as hydrogen, methanol, and ethanol. Based on the literature data, it was found that the use of a 2000 dry-ton/day plant is more economical than that of 1000 dry-ton/day plant for ethanol production.

Urban residents’ perception of recycled water reuse is the foundation for the realization of recycled water reuse behavior. However, even though the perception factor is equipped, it does not mean that urban residents will use recycled water continuously for sure. Therefore, in this research, the authors try to put cognitive factors and emotional factors into a unified behavioral process. Based on this theory framework, the paper will interpret the initiation, formation and continuing process of recycled water reuse behavior of urban residents. On the basis of previous studies, this study established a theoretical model to study the influence of cognitive factors and emotional factors on recycled water reuse behavior of the residents. Based on the data of 325 samples, the direct and indirect relationship between the variables in the model is verified through path analysis and mediation analysis. The empirical results show that: firstly, the urban residents’ perception of recycled water reuse can activate their emotion for recycled water, and the emotion includes both positive emotion and negative emotion; secondly, although the recognition of recycled water can stimulate both positive and negative emotional factors, there are great differences between positive and negative emotions on the initiation, formation and sustainability of recycled water behavior. Negative emotion has a certain effect on the initiation of recycled water reuse behavior, but it has no significant effect on the formation and sustainability of recycled water reuse behavior. By contrast, positive emotion has no significant effect on the initiation of recycled water reuse behavior, but it has a significant effect on the formation and sustainability of recycled water reuse behavior. That is to say, at different stages, the recycled water reuse behaviors are affected differently by positive emotions and negative emotions. Thirdly, compared with negative emotional variables, positive emotions have a greater impact on individual recycled water reuse behavior. Positive emotional variables can significantly mediate the impact of cognitive variables on recycled water reuse behavior habits. In other words, positive emotions play a vital role in the sustainability of recycled water reuse.

Using a structured vector auto regression (SVAR) model, the paper contrast analysis the impact of international oil price fluctuation on China’s macroeconomic before and after the crude oil wholesale and retail markets open. The results showed that the crude oil whole-sale and retail markets opening accelerate the transmission of international oil price fluctuations on the China’s economy. At the same time, oil price fluctuations aggravate China’s domestic inflation. The implementation of tight monetary policy eases the inflation pressure to a certain extent, but there are still exert excessive risks. With the increase of crude oil external dependency, the China’s government must take actively measures to cope with the international crude oil prices impacting on our country’s economy.

At present, discussions concerning use of clean technologies in oil and gas industry are thriving more than ever before because the question of global warming and the threat to public health have reached critical points. The present research intends to study the various thermal processes and investigate the environmental advantages and disadvantages of each one in the oil utilization process. Each process is first briefly introduced and its environmental features are then examined. Since the energetic aspects of these processes are also important, and in some cases combustion is preferred to the environmental aspects, the energetic features of all these processes are also explained in brief.