It is found that the triboluminescence spectra of crystalline hydrates of inorganic salts of Ln³⁺ (Ce³⁺, Pr³⁺, Gd³⁺, Eu³⁺, Tb³⁺, and Dy³⁺) during mechanical trituration and ultrasonic treatment (22 kHz) of crystal suspensions in perfluorodecalin (in the sonotriboluminescence) exhibit gaseous and solid-state components. The first component contains emission lines of N2 in an electric discharge. The spectrum of the second component coincides with the photoluminescence spectrum of the crystals, including ions that cannot be excited due to the absorption of emission from N₂: Ce³⁺, Pr³⁺, and Gd³⁺. Among the different salts of Ln³⁺, the highest intensity of luminescence is observed in sulfates; the highest yields of tribo- and sonotriboluminescence are characteristic of the Ce³⁺ salts. The triboluminescence of Ln³⁺ nitrates is not registered. Possible mechanisms of excitation of the Ln³⁺ ions are discussed. The main source of the solid-state component of the triboluminescence of Ln³⁺ salts is assumed to be the electroluminescence typical of crystalline phosphors. It is shown that, along with lines of N₂, the spectrum of the triboluminescence observed in the atmosphere of He, Ar, and O₂ contains lines of these gases.

Lines of Ne (3p-3s, 550–800 nm) and Xe (6p-6s, 800–1050 nm; 7p-6s, 475 nm) have been detected in the mechanoluminescence spectrum of terbium and cerium sulfate crystallohydrates. The luminescence of noble gas is observed jointly with the known bands of Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions and N*₂ lines. The lines corresponding to excited Xe⁺ ions (500–550 nm), indicative of achievement of electric-field strengths on the order of 10⁷ V/cm during mechanoluminescence, are also observed. It is established that, during mechanoluminescence of Tb₂(SO₄)₃ · 8D₂O in an argon atmosphere under a pressure of 1.3 atm, mechanochemical reactions of decomposition of crystallization water (D₂O) molecules cause luminescence of OD radicals; this luminescence is initiated by electron impact occurring during electrization and in discharges in crystals during destruction.

The luminescence of TbCl₃ · 6H₂O and Tb(acac)₃ · H₂O crystal hydrates under conditions of multibubble sonolysis (20 kHz, 25 W) of the corresponding crystal suspensions in perfluorodecalin and undecane has been observed for the first time. The luminescence spectra contain the lines of emission from Tb³⁺* ions. No emission lines due to molecular nitrogen have been observed in N₂-saturated suspensions. Based on a comparison of the emission accompanying the sonolysis of suspensions, the photoluminescence of terbium crystals, and the tribolumninescence under usual mechanical actions, it is concluded that the nature of the observed phenomenon corresponds to sonotriboluminescence (STL), the mechanism of which is different from that of the recently discovered STL of resorcinol where N₂ is predominantly excited. It is suggested that resorcinol-like organic crystals and terbium compounds belong to different types of triboluminescent materials, which are characterized by different susceptibilities to STL activation during the sonolysis of suspensions.

It was found that the addition of C₆₀ and C₇₀ fullerenes to Tb₂(SO₄)₃·8H₂O crystals led to a decrease in the photo- and triboluminescence intensities of the Tb³⁺ ion, without affecting the positions of its luminescence maxima.