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Vetiver grass [Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash] without seeds, suitable for growing on coastal saline land, has attracted attention because of oil extraction from its roots and industrial and agricultural use. In this study, a pot experiment with different NaCl contents was used to investigate the influence of water salinity levels on vetiver, salt tolerance, and the feasibility of transferring it to coastal saline regions. The results indicated that the fresh weight of roots and shoots increased initially and then gradually decreased with an increase in NaCl content, and the maximum was attributed to a water salinity of 0.3%. The vetiver can tolerate a maximum saline content of up to 2%. The promotion of vetiver growth under water salinity could be attributed to the acceleration of nutrient uptake-induced saline, including K, N, and Cl. The growth of vetiver was insignificantly inhibited with 0.5% water salinity (mild stress), significantly inhibited with 1.0% water salinity (moderate stress: biomass decrease), and severe inhibited with >1.5% water salinity (intense stress: biomass decrease). The salt tolerance of vetiver was due to osmotic regulation by reducing sugars under mild stress and of proline under intense stress, and Na+ sequestration in roots and the transformation of Cl− away from sensitive roots. The vetiver could be cultivated in slightly coastal saline soil (0.1–0.2% soil salinity) and even moderately saline coastal soil (0.2–0.4% soil salinity) under irrigation with low salt water during transplanting.
Jing Su; Yanhua Qiu; Xiaosong Yang; Songyan Li; Zhengyi Hu. Dose–Effect Relationship of Water Salinity Levels on Osmotic Regulators, Nutrient Uptake, and Growth of Transplanting Vetiver [Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash]. Plants 2021, 10, 562 .
AMA StyleJing Su, Yanhua Qiu, Xiaosong Yang, Songyan Li, Zhengyi Hu. Dose–Effect Relationship of Water Salinity Levels on Osmotic Regulators, Nutrient Uptake, and Growth of Transplanting Vetiver [Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash]. Plants. 2021; 10 (3):562.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing Su; Yanhua Qiu; Xiaosong Yang; Songyan Li; Zhengyi Hu. 2021. "Dose–Effect Relationship of Water Salinity Levels on Osmotic Regulators, Nutrient Uptake, and Growth of Transplanting Vetiver [Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash]." Plants 10, no. 3: 562.
Spatial variability and source apportionment of river pollution flowing into the Bohai Sea are of great significance to the pollution liability and development of control strategies to reduce the terrestrial discharge of pollution in the ocean. In this study, ten water quality variables from 14 monitoring sites in rivers flowing into Laizhou Bay were obtained to investigate the spatial variation and pollution sources in Dongying District from 2018–2019. The survey area was divided into a low pollution (LP) zone and a high pollution (HP) zone by cluster analysis based on ten indicators. Principle component analysis/factor analysis with a geographic information system was performed to identify the four main pollution sources in the survey area. Compared with the positive matrix factorization model, the absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model was more appropriate for the source apportionment of pollution in the surface water of Dongying District. The point source pollution of domestic sewage (23.6%) was the most crucial pollution source of water in the LP zone, followed by non-point pollution from agricultural activity (16.4%). The contribution rate in the HP zone analyzed by the APCS-MLR model followed a decreasing order: point source pollution from domestic sewage (28.5%) > non-point pollution source of overland runoff (14.8%) > point source pollution of hybrid wastewater (12.4%) > point source pollution from industries sewage (10.6%). Therefore, the spatial distribution and sources of pollution in the investigated area should be considered while developing control measures to reduce the discharge of pollution to Laizhou Bay.
Jing Su; Yanhua Qiu; Yuling Lu; Xiaosong Yang; Songyan Li. Use of Multivariate Statistical Techniques to Study Spatial Variability and Sources Apportionment of Pollution in Rivers Flowing into the Laizhou Bay in Dongying District. Water 2021, 13, 772 .
AMA StyleJing Su, Yanhua Qiu, Yuling Lu, Xiaosong Yang, Songyan Li. Use of Multivariate Statistical Techniques to Study Spatial Variability and Sources Apportionment of Pollution in Rivers Flowing into the Laizhou Bay in Dongying District. Water. 2021; 13 (6):772.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing Su; Yanhua Qiu; Yuling Lu; Xiaosong Yang; Songyan Li. 2021. "Use of Multivariate Statistical Techniques to Study Spatial Variability and Sources Apportionment of Pollution in Rivers Flowing into the Laizhou Bay in Dongying District." Water 13, no. 6: 772.
There is increasing concern regarding soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the present study, the remediation of soil spiked with PAHs was explored by the combination of soil washing with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and subsequent oxidation through persulfate (PS) activated by Fe2+, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), and SiO2-coated nZVI (SiO2/nZVI). Results demonstrated that the removal of phenanthrene (PHE), fluoranthene (FLU), and pyrene (PYR) by SDS is an efficient means for soil decontamination. At SDS concentration of 20 g/L, the removal efficiencies of PHE, PYR, and FLU were 37%, 40%, and 44%, respectively. For the degradation of PAHs and SDS in the soil washing effluents, the efficiencies of PS activated with SiO2/nZVI were not significantly different from those of PS activated with nZVI and Fe2+ (p > 0.05). In practice, SiO2/nZVI is more preferable due to the improved antioxidation and dispersibility. At the dosage of 2 g/L (in the amount of iron) of SiO2/nZVI, the removal efficiencies of PHE, FLU, PYR, and SDS within 30 min of treatment were 75%, 85%, 87%, and 34%, respectively. The degradation of SDS was much lower than those of PAHs, which facilitated the recycle of SDS. Our findings suggest that PS activated with SiO2/nZVI is a promising method for the treatment of soil washing effluents containing SDS and PAHs.
Yanhua Qiu; Meilan Xu; Zongquan Sun; Helian Li. Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soil by Combining Surfactant Enhanced Soil Washing and Iron-Activated Persulfate Oxidation Process. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 441 .
AMA StyleYanhua Qiu, Meilan Xu, Zongquan Sun, Helian Li. Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soil by Combining Surfactant Enhanced Soil Washing and Iron-Activated Persulfate Oxidation Process. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (3):441.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYanhua Qiu; Meilan Xu; Zongquan Sun; Helian Li. 2019. "Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soil by Combining Surfactant Enhanced Soil Washing and Iron-Activated Persulfate Oxidation Process." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3: 441.