Mitiglinide is a widely used agent for diabetic treatment. We established a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model to illustrate the relationship between mitiglinide plasma concentration and its glucose lowering effects in healthy volunteers. The volunteers participated in the test after the administration of a single dose of 10 mg mitiglinide. The drug concentration in Plasma and the values of glucose levels were determined by LC-MS/MS assay and hexokinase method. A PK-PD model was established with a series of equations to describe the relationship between plasma medicine and glucose, and the equations were solved numerically and fitted to the data with the Phoenix NLME software. The results of the two-compartment model analysis were based on the maximum likelihood criterion and visual inspection of the fittings. The terminal elimination half-life (t 1/2) was 1.69 ± 0.16 h and the CL/F was 7.80 ± 1.84 L/h. The plasma glucose levels began to decline by 0.2 h, and hit its bottom decreasing values of 2.6 mg/L at 0.5 h after administration. The calculated parameter and fitting curve indicated that the model established in our experiment fitted well. A PK/PD model illustrates that the relationship between mitiglinide concentration in plasma and glucose lowering effect in healthy volunteers was established. The results of our experiment suggested that the model can be used reasonably to predict the relationship between PK and PD in mitiglinide, which could be used in diabetes mellitus dosage control in clinical trials and other fields.