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Dr. Andrzej Szarata
Civil Engineering Faculty, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Kraków, Poland

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Journal article
Published: 10 August 2021 in Energies
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Public transport (PT) service disruptions are common and unexpected events which often result in major impediment to passengers’ typical travel routines. However, attitudes and behavioural responses to unexpected PT disruptions are still not fully understood in state-of-the-art research. The objective of this study is to examine how PT users adapt their travel choices and what travel information sources they utilize once they encounter sudden PT service disruptions. To this end, we conduct a passenger survey among PT users in the city of Kraków (Poland), consisting of a series of stated- and revealed-preference questions. Results show that passengers’ reported choices during past PT disruptions mostly involve adjusting the current PT travel routine, exposing a certain bias with their stated choices (which tend to overestimate the probability of modal shifts). Factors influencing travel behaviour shifts include frequency and recency of PT disruption experience, as well as propensity to arrive on-time. With regards to travel information sources, staff announcement and personal experience play an important role in recognizing the emerging disruption, but real-time information (RTI) sources are the most useful in planning the onward journey afterwards. Based on these, we highlight the implications for future RTI policy during PT service disruptions; in particular, the provision of a reliable time estimate until normal service conditions are resumed. Such RTI content could foster passengers’ tendency to use PT services in uncertain conditions, especially as their stated wait time tolerance often matches the actual duration of PT disruptions.

ACS Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Faqhrul Islam; Andrzej Szarata. Investigating the Impact of Public Transport Service Disruptions upon Passenger Travel Behaviour—Results from Krakow City. Energies 2021, 14, 4889 .

AMA Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki, Faqhrul Islam, Andrzej Szarata. Investigating the Impact of Public Transport Service Disruptions upon Passenger Travel Behaviour—Results from Krakow City. Energies. 2021; 14 (16):4889.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Faqhrul Islam; Andrzej Szarata. 2021. "Investigating the Impact of Public Transport Service Disruptions upon Passenger Travel Behaviour—Results from Krakow City." Energies 14, no. 16: 4889.

Journal article
Published: 15 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Whereas the majority of evaluations of self-service kiosks are based on interviews or observations and as such are burdened with personal bias, eye tracking was seen as a method for an objective analysis. To demonstrate the feasibility and usability of such an assessment technique, the task of purchasing a public transportation ticket from a modern ticket vending machine in Kraków, Poland was evaluated. The test participants relatively easily operated the machine with time taken to purchase a ticket ranging from 54 s for foreigners not familiar with the equipment to 29 s for local inhabitants. Even though the number of gazes recorded for the foreigners group was 2.4 times higher than for the local test participants, the fixation times were almost equal. Faulty or delayed operation of the payment terminal was a meaningful equipment issue encountered by eight test participants. The study demonstrated that the operation of the analysed ticket vending machine should not cause much trouble to anyone. The use of an eye tracker, which was employed for such an assessment for the first time, permitted the identification of possible operational ambiguities that could hinder the user experience without the bias associated with other assessment techniques. The used method was found to be efficient and the results provided valuable information.

ACS Style

Anton Pashkevich; Andrzej Szarata; Tomasz Burghardt; Rafał Jaremski; Matúš Šucha. Operation of Public Transportation Ticket Vending Machine in Kraków, Poland: An Eye Tracking Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7921 .

AMA Style

Anton Pashkevich, Andrzej Szarata, Tomasz Burghardt, Rafał Jaremski, Matúš Šucha. Operation of Public Transportation Ticket Vending Machine in Kraków, Poland: An Eye Tracking Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7921.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anton Pashkevich; Andrzej Szarata; Tomasz Burghardt; Rafał Jaremski; Matúš Šucha. 2021. "Operation of Public Transportation Ticket Vending Machine in Kraków, Poland: An Eye Tracking Study." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7921.

Journal article
Published: 22 June 2021 in Energies
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Traffic calming is introduced to minimise the negative results of motor vehicle use, for example, low safety level or quality of life, high noise and pollution. It can be implemented through the introduction of road infrastructure reducing the velocity and the traffic volume. In this paper, we studied how traffic-calming influences the traffic assignment. For the research, a traffic-calming measure of speed cushions on the Stachiewicza street in Krakow was taken. A method of extracting trajectories from aerial footage was shown, and it was used to build a model. For a given example, through driving characteristics research and microscopic modelling, volume–delay BPR functions were estimated—for a street with and without traffic calming. Later, a toy network of two roads of the same length, connecting the same origin and destination, was simulated using an equilibrium traffic assignment method. Simulations were conducted both with the use of PTV Vissim and Visum software and through individual calculations. According to the results of this paper, there was a difference in traffic volume according to the equilibrium traffic assignment in the aforementioned toy network as a function of total network traffic volume.

ACS Style

Jan Paszkowski; Marcus Herrmann; Matthias Richter; Andrzej Szarata. Modelling the Effects of Traffic-Calming Introduction to Volume–Delay Functions and Traffic Assignment. Energies 2021, 14, 3726 .

AMA Style

Jan Paszkowski, Marcus Herrmann, Matthias Richter, Andrzej Szarata. Modelling the Effects of Traffic-Calming Introduction to Volume–Delay Functions and Traffic Assignment. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3726.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan Paszkowski; Marcus Herrmann; Matthias Richter; Andrzej Szarata. 2021. "Modelling the Effects of Traffic-Calming Introduction to Volume–Delay Functions and Traffic Assignment." Energies 14, no. 13: 3726.

Articles
Published: 29 August 2020 in Transportmetrica A: Transport Science
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Public transport (PT) overcrowding is a notorious problem in urban transport networks. Its negative effects upon travel experience can be potentially addressed by disseminating real-time crowding information (RTCI) to passengers. However, impacts of RTCI provision in urban PT networks remain largely unknown. This study aims to contribute by developing an extended dynamic PT simulation model that enables a thorough analysis of instantaneous RTCI consequences. In the model, RTCI is generated and disseminated across the network, and then utilised in passengers’ sequential en-route choices. A case-study demonstration of RTCI algorithm on urban PT network model of Kraków (Poland) shows that instantaneous RTCI has potential to improve passengers’ travel experience, although it is also susceptible to inaccuracy. RTCI provision can yield total travel utility improvements of 3% in typical PM peak-hour, with reduced impacts of the worst overcrowding effects (in terms of denied-boarding and in-vehicle travel disutility in overcrowded conditions) of 30%.

ACS Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Rafał Kucharski; Oded Cats; Andrzej Szarata. Modelling the effects of real-time crowding information in urban public transport systems. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science 2020, 17, 675 -713.

AMA Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki, Rafał Kucharski, Oded Cats, Andrzej Szarata. Modelling the effects of real-time crowding information in urban public transport systems. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science. 2020; 17 (4):675-713.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Rafał Kucharski; Oded Cats; Andrzej Szarata. 2020. "Modelling the effects of real-time crowding information in urban public transport systems." Transportmetrica A: Transport Science 17, no. 4: 675-713.

Chapter
Published: 30 July 2020 in Digitalization and Industry 4.0: Economic and Societal Development
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According to a definition by Institute of Transportation Engineers traffic calming is a set of measures, the purposes of which is to reduce the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behaviour and improve conditions for nonmotorised street users. That includes reduction of traffic volume, thus noise and air pollution, improvement of road safety level, and the quality of life. The beginning of traffic calming reaches 1960s and 1970s in Great Britain, Germany, Netherlands and Denmark and is connect ed with pedestrianisation – an idea to prioritise walking by closing the streets or to slow car speed down to walking pace.

ACS Style

Matthias Richter; Jan Paszkowski. Modelling of traffic flow characteristics of traffic calmed roads. Digitalization and Industry 4.0: Economic and Societal Development 2020, 245 -259.

AMA Style

Matthias Richter, Jan Paszkowski. Modelling of traffic flow characteristics of traffic calmed roads. Digitalization and Industry 4.0: Economic and Societal Development. 2020; ():245-259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthias Richter; Jan Paszkowski. 2020. "Modelling of traffic flow characteristics of traffic calmed roads." Digitalization and Industry 4.0: Economic and Societal Development , no. : 245-259.

Journal article
Published: 10 March 2020 in Journal of Advanced Transportation
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We propose a new method to estimate benefits of road network improvements, which allows to include the induced demand without arbitrary assumptions. Instead of estimating induced demand (which is nontrivial and hardly possible in practice), we search for demand induction where initial benefits are mitigated to zero. Such approach allows to formulate a dual measure of benefit, covering both the potential benefits and the likelihood of consuming them by the induced traffic. We first estimate benefits of road network improvement assuming that traffic demand is fixed. Consequently, we find demand model configurations at which the benefits of the new investment become null, i.e., all the initial benefits are consumed by the traffic demand growth. We call such states of induced demand the Lewis–Mogridge points of the analysed improvement. We select the most probable of such points and use it to calculate the proposed novel indicator μ, for which the initial benefits (obtained under a fixed-demand assumption) are multiplied with a demand increase rate needed to consume them. We believe that such measure allows to include the critical phenomena of induced traffic and, at the same time, to overcome problems associated with reliable estimation of induced demand. As we illustrate with the case of two alternative road improvement schemes in Kraków, Poland, the proposed method allows to estimate maximal threshold of induced traffic and to select scenario more resilient to induced traffic.

ACS Style

Rafał Kucharski; Arkadiusz Drabicki; Jan Paszkowski; Andrzej Szarata. Lewis–Mogridge Points: A Nonarbitrary Method to Include Induced Traffic in Cost-Benefit Analyses. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020, 2020, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Rafał Kucharski, Arkadiusz Drabicki, Jan Paszkowski, Andrzej Szarata. Lewis–Mogridge Points: A Nonarbitrary Method to Include Induced Traffic in Cost-Benefit Analyses. Journal of Advanced Transportation. 2020; 2020 ():1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rafał Kucharski; Arkadiusz Drabicki; Jan Paszkowski; Andrzej Szarata. 2020. "Lewis–Mogridge Points: A Nonarbitrary Method to Include Induced Traffic in Cost-Benefit Analyses." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020, no. : 1-17.

Journal article
Published: 10 March 2019 in Sustainability
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The sustainable development of transport is fostered by innovations. To implement innovations, the European Commission issues different regulations, programs and initiatives and the European Transport Policy has a significant impact on transport policy in the member states. At the same time, transport policy is dynamic and requires new solutions that will allow the planned goals to be achieved. In this context, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of the current innovation policies, and to create recommendations for future actions that bring innovations to the market. This article concerns the subject of innovation policy in the transport sector. It illustrates the possibility of applying one of the methods of the multiple criteria decision aid, i.e., the simple additive weighting (SAW) method to assess the European Union (EU) and national policy measures in surface transport in terms of their influence on the market take-up of innovations. The use of this method allows for the analyzed policy measures to be contemplated in terms of various criteria and to identify those that best meet the adopted criteria, and thus those that could contribute the most to the stimulation of innovation. The article focuses on the method itself, indicating its flexibility and ease of use, while the analyzed collection of policy measures constitutes only the background of the deliberations.

ACS Style

Katarzyna Nosal Hoy; Katarzyna Solecka; Andrzej Szarata. The Application of the Multiple Criteria Decision Aid to Assess Transport Policy Measures Focusing on Innovation. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1472 .

AMA Style

Katarzyna Nosal Hoy, Katarzyna Solecka, Andrzej Szarata. The Application of the Multiple Criteria Decision Aid to Assess Transport Policy Measures Focusing on Innovation. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katarzyna Nosal Hoy; Katarzyna Solecka; Andrzej Szarata. 2019. "The Application of the Multiple Criteria Decision Aid to Assess Transport Policy Measures Focusing on Innovation." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1472.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2018 in Transport Economics and Logistics
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The paper is devoted to simulation analysis of the phenomenon often observed in contemporary urban areas, i.e. the so-called induced traffic resulting from the improvement of travel conditions in the road network. On the basis of analyzes carried out in the simulation model of Krakow, it was shown, as exemplified by the postulated changes in the urban peripheral system of Krakow – i.e. the construction of the western section of the so-called 3rd city ring road and further narrowing of the so-called 2nd city ring road – the appearance of additional car traffic may affect the received image of the city’s transport system. Taking into account the flexibility of road demand has a significant impact on the resultant parameters of the network operation and can significantly change the final assessment of the effectiveness of a given road investment – and also provide important premises for a long-term strategy of shaping the city road system.

ACS Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Andrzej Szarata. Forecasting the influence of traffic demand flexibility on the effectiveness of road investments – analysis results for the krakow city ring road system. Transport Economics and Logistics 2018, 80, 59 -66.

AMA Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki, Andrzej Szarata. Forecasting the influence of traffic demand flexibility on the effectiveness of road investments – analysis results for the krakow city ring road system. Transport Economics and Logistics. 2018; 80 ():59-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Andrzej Szarata. 2018. "Forecasting the influence of traffic demand flexibility on the effectiveness of road investments – analysis results for the krakow city ring road system." Transport Economics and Logistics 80, no. : 59-66.

Journal article
Published: 13 September 2017 in Archives of Transport
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The objective of this paper is to discuss the replication of passenger congestion (overcrowding) effects on output path choices in public transport assignment models. Based on a comprehensive literature review, the impact of passenger overcrowding effects was summarised in 3 main categories: the inclusion of physical capacity constraints (limits); the feedback effect between transport demand and supply performance; and the feedback effect on travel cost (discomfort penalty). Further on, sample case studies are presented, which prove that the inclusion of capacity constraints might significantly influence the assignment output and overall results in public transport projects’ assessment – yet most state-of-the-practice assignment models would either miss or neglect these overcrowding-induced phenomena. In a classical 4-step demand model, their impact on passengers’ travelling strategies is often limited to path (route) choice stage, while in reality they also have far-reaching implications for modal choices, temporal choices and long-term demand adaptation processes. This notion has been investigated in numerous research works, leading to different assignment approaches to account for impact of public transport capacity constraints – a simplified, implicit approach (implemented in macroscopic-based models, e.g. PTV VISUM), and a more complex, explicit approach (incorporated in mesoscopic-based models, e.g. BusMezzo). In the simulation part of this paper, sample tests performed on a small-scale network aim to provide a general comparison between these two approaches and arising differences in the assignment output. The implicit approach reveals some differences in assignment output once network capacity constraints are accounted for – though in a simplified manner, and producing somewhat ambiguous output (e.g. in higher congestion scenarios). The explicit approach provides a more accurate representation of overcrowding-induced phenomena - especially the evolving demand-supply interactions in the event of arising congestion in the public transport network. Further studies should involve tests on a city-scale, multimodal transport model, as well as empirical model validation, in order to fully assess the effectiveness of these distinct assignment approaches. - The paper discusses the inclusion of overcrowding effects on path choices in public transport assignment models - These can be grouped into 3 main categories: physical constraints, demand-supply feedback and path discomfort cost - Sample case studies show that their inclusion may substantially affect the assignment output - Two general methods of modelling capacity constraints are: the implicit and explicit approach - An illustrative example shows that both approaches produce different output with the explicit one being more specific and adequate

ACS Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Rafał Kucharski; Andrzej Szarata. Modelling the public transport capacity constraints’ impact on passenger path choices in transit assignment models. Archives of Transport 2017, 43, 7 -28.

AMA Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki, Rafał Kucharski, Andrzej Szarata. Modelling the public transport capacity constraints’ impact on passenger path choices in transit assignment models. Archives of Transport. 2017; 43 (3):7-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arkadiusz Drabicki; Rafał Kucharski; Andrzej Szarata. 2017. "Modelling the public transport capacity constraints’ impact on passenger path choices in transit assignment models." Archives of Transport 43, no. 3: 7-28.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2017 in 2017 4th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS)
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In the paper there will be presented results of questionnaire surveys conducted in few Polish cities. According to the questionnaire, it was possible to define changes in demand and obtained results will be helpful in estimation of induced trips rate. Modelling of the induced trip quantity requires well developed input data base with respect to conditions of personal decisions undertaken by the user. Very often, decision process is not explicitly defined and derived from personal preferences which affect significant dispersion of the travel behaviors. It seems, that promising tool would be application of the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) to model induced demand. The basis of the FIS is operations on membership functions (MF) and the most significant part of the model is estimation of the MF shape. In the paper there will be presented structure of the Fuzzy Inference System for induced trip modeling; definition of the necessary input data; estimated shapes of the membership function and also final formula for estimation of expected induced trip share. Important part of the paper will be devoted to verification of obtained results using Visum simulation model of the city and real tram line investment.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata. Public transport induced demand estimation with application of Fuzzy Inference System. 2017 4th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS) 2017, 1105 -1110.

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata. Public transport induced demand estimation with application of Fuzzy Inference System. 2017 4th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS). 2017; ():1105-1110.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata. 2017. "Public transport induced demand estimation with application of Fuzzy Inference System." 2017 4th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS) , no. : 1105-1110.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Transportation Research Procedia
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Implementation of the car traffic and parking restrictions is one of the most controversial aspects of the urban transport policy. Such initiatives frequently meet with the opposition of the local groups of users. These changes affect not only the users of private cars, but also shopkeepers and restaurant owners, who are afraid to lose income. On the other hand, these solutions, typically introduced in the city centre, improve the flow of the public transport vehicles, enhancing its competitiveness, and increase the public space attractiveness. Nevertheless, the public awareness of the positive effects of the restrictions is low and it is important to show that their introduction brings benefits for the inhabitants and visitors and does not cause negative changes in the income of the owners of facilities. The paper presents the results of the research carried out to evaluate the impact of car restrictions implemented in several locations in the Cracow city centre. The survey was conducted among customers and owners of the facilities located in the areas of the implemented changes. The results show that a very small percentage of customers had problems with accessing those facilities and they are mostly related to traffic congestion. Satisfaction with the quality of public space is declared by approx. 80% of customers. The vast majority of owners did not want to restore the previous situation and their income remained at a similar level.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata; Katarzyna Nosal; Urszula Duda-Wiertel; Lukasz Franek. The impact of the car restrictions implemented in the city centre on the public space quality. Transportation Research Procedia 2017, 27, 752 -759.

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata, Katarzyna Nosal, Urszula Duda-Wiertel, Lukasz Franek. The impact of the car restrictions implemented in the city centre on the public space quality. Transportation Research Procedia. 2017; 27 ():752-759.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata; Katarzyna Nosal; Urszula Duda-Wiertel; Lukasz Franek. 2017. "The impact of the car restrictions implemented in the city centre on the public space quality." Transportation Research Procedia 27, no. : 752-759.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Transportation Research Procedia
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Large cities are developing sophisticated trip models that consist of demand and supply part. Since supply model is quite easy to obtain and develop, demand model needs more input data. In particular Comprehensive Travel Surveys (CTS) are conducted to feed the demand model. The core part of the CTS are household trip questionnaires which are used, among others, to identify residents’ trip patterns. These surveys are very expensive and often determine CTS frequency. Many cities, also large ones, cannot afford to conduct these kinds of survey as often as it should be done.In this paper the authors analyzed possible ways to reduce CTS cost. They verified whether survey sample size reduction would not cause rapid error increase. Based on CTS for Krakow metropolitan area authors compared results between full sample (6000 households inquired) and reduced samples (2400, 1000 and 750 households inquired). The differences between results obtained from different samples are perceptible but not significant. Therefore, the authors proved that household survey sample size might be reduced even to 1000 inquired households with acceptable loss of results quality

ACS Style

Tomasz Kulpa; Andrzej Szarata. Analysis of Household Survey Sample Size in Trip Modelling Process. Transportation Research Procedia 2016, 14, 1753 -1761.

AMA Style

Tomasz Kulpa, Andrzej Szarata. Analysis of Household Survey Sample Size in Trip Modelling Process. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016; 14 ():1753-1761.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tomasz Kulpa; Andrzej Szarata. 2016. "Analysis of Household Survey Sample Size in Trip Modelling Process." Transportation Research Procedia 14, no. : 1753-1761.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2015 in 2015 International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS)
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The paper presents the Polish evaluation procedure of the influence of new road infrastructure on traffic safety. The presented methodology has been widely used on national roads in Poland since 2009. According to the Polish requirements, the evaluation should be conducted on an early stage of the designing process and together with the Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) and environmental analysis, as it plays an important role in the final assessment of alternative solutions. The main goal of the procedure is to create the rank of planned investments (alternatives) and their evaluation of the traffic safety level (indirectly, gives also the input data for CBA). The analysis is based mostly on traffic volume and traffic forecasts. Due to the necessity of analysisng the whole area of influence (road network) in traffic safety features on designed road, it is important to take into consideration reliable traffic forecasts developed with modelling tools. For the chosen areas, it is necessary to identify road sections with high accident concentration (number of fatal accidents that have occurred in the previous years) and estimate impact of developed road system on traffic safety. The example of implementation of the presented procedure in the case of planned express road S1 (southern Poland) constitutes an important part of this paper. The paper consists of sensitivity analysis of the presented procedure and presents final ranking of tested variants.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata; Wieslaw Dzwigon. Modelling of road safety attributes in the case of road network development on regional level in Poland. 2015 International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS) 2015, 177 -183.

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata, Wieslaw Dzwigon. Modelling of road safety attributes in the case of road network development on regional level in Poland. 2015 International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS). 2015; ():177-183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata; Wieslaw Dzwigon. 2015. "Modelling of road safety attributes in the case of road network development on regional level in Poland." 2015 International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS) , no. : 177-183.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2015 in 2015 International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS)
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The development of the transport system in cities requires very high investment costs and well-verified assumptions of transportation policy. The undertaken decision will affect the effectiveness of the whole transport system and of travel behaviour of inhabitants. This paper contains easy procedures suggested to verify the effectiveness of transport investment through an ex ante and ex post of the investment. The presented method assumes that the travel time measurements are carried out by observers equipped with GPS receivers, moving inside the selected urban public and individual transport vehicles. The results of the measurements are the basis for determining the travel times of the entire transportation corridor as well as its individual sections. Additional measurements include the registration of traffic volumes and saturation of urban public and individual transport vehicles in selected points of the transport corridor. The comparisons are based on the results of measurements, including travel times and saturation of public and individual transport vehicles. Not only average values were taken into consideration, but also standard deviations from travel times. To emphasize the objectivity of the evaluation process, statistical significance tests were proposed. This paper also presents an example of using the method to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic control system, ensuring priority for trams on one of the transportation corridors in Cracow, Poland.

ACS Style

Marek Bauer; Andrzej Szarata. The methodology of urban transport corridors evaluation. 2015 International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS) 2015, 395 -401.

AMA Style

Marek Bauer, Andrzej Szarata. The methodology of urban transport corridors evaluation. 2015 International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS). 2015; ():395-401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marek Bauer; Andrzej Szarata. 2015. "The methodology of urban transport corridors evaluation." 2015 International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS) , no. : 395-401.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2015 in PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2014 (ICNAAM-2014)
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The conducted survey were aimed on estimation of the number of potential Park and Ride users. The system is not popular in Poland and it is difficult to estimate (and calibrate) modal split function based on Stated Preferences survey. Because fuzzy approach can be justified in the case of rough data and significant impact of human factors, it is difficult to estimate necessary functions using traditional mathematical approach. It seems, that fuzzy methodology can be treated as a proper way to describe choice of mode of transport, especially in case of Park and Ride trips. The proposed approach is based on the Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System, where, as the part of the model, the membership functions were estimated according to the experts’ survey. The survey had two level verification using Delphic approach and final results were obtained as an approximation of shapes of the functions proposed by experts. The methodology were tested on the real system implemented in Warsaw. The paper will present procedure for membership function estimation, application of the model. For calculation there was used Matlab software, with Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. Main goal of the paper is to present complexity and uncertainty of the modal split modeling process.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata. Defining shape of membership function for Mamdani’s Fuzzy Inference System within park & ride share modelling. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2014 (ICNAAM-2014) 2015, 1648, 600004 .

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata. Defining shape of membership function for Mamdani’s Fuzzy Inference System within park & ride share modelling. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2014 (ICNAAM-2014). 2015; 1648 ():600004.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata. 2015. "Defining shape of membership function for Mamdani’s Fuzzy Inference System within park & ride share modelling." PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2014 (ICNAAM-2014) 1648, no. : 600004.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2014 in Budownictwo i Architektura
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The main purpose of the paper is to estimate P&R demand, which can be useful in estimation of its capacity. The proposed approach is based on the assessment of parking location in terms of connections with public transport system, attractiveness of the location and spatial development of surroundings. Within the analysis, the number of Park and Ride trips was estimated. The proposed approach has been applied to six planned locations of Park and Ride system in Warsaw agglomeration and the analyses were conducted on a simulation model of the whole agglomeration.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata. The procedure of capacity estimation for P&R car parks located within metropolitan areas. Budownictwo i Architektura 2014, 13, 267 -274.

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata. The procedure of capacity estimation for P&R car parks located within metropolitan areas. Budownictwo i Architektura. 2014; 13 (4):267-274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata. 2014. "The procedure of capacity estimation for P&R car parks located within metropolitan areas." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 4: 267-274.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2014 in Archives of Transport
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Transport in cities plays a crucial role in the lives of inhabitants. Development of cities affects the functional aspects of the network include the emergence of new areas of traffic generators. Unsuited infrastructure causes many negative effects that outraged the standard of living in cities. In this paper the concept of Park and Ride was presented as a way to cope with the growing volume of traffic. Full procedure for estimating the contribution of different modes of transport including the Park and Ride was presented. Additionally, an important part of the article is devoted to a description of full Delphic approach, applied for membership function (MF) shape definition of chosen function, estimating linguistic variable.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata. THE MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO THE MODELLING OF MODAL SPLIT. Archives of Transport 2014, 29, 55 -63.

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata. THE MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO THE MODELLING OF MODAL SPLIT. Archives of Transport. 2014; 29 (1):55-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata. 2014. "THE MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO THE MODELLING OF MODAL SPLIT." Archives of Transport 29, no. 1: 55-63.

Proceedings article
Published: 11 June 2013 in ICTIS 2013
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This paper presents a method of estimating the travel demand and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in large regions including local roads and states. Verification of the procedure is developed for the Indiana Local Technical Assistantship Program (Tarko 2012). The model calibration and evaluation is presented for example parts of Indiana State. In the traditional approach, a network demand model includes properly calibrated traffic generation components applied to Traffic Analysis Zones and traffic exchange relationships between these zones calibrated based on household survey results. This paper attempts to calibrate a model that does not use the household survey but, instead, uses carefully chosen exploratory variables. The model is founded on a number of simplifying assumptions allowed by disaggregation of a large regional road network into much smaller parts called clusters. The network demand estimation could be then conducted for each cluster separately. The traffic generation parameters were fitted with a heuristic search method (genetic algorithm), and the values of exploratory variables (number of residents, employees, etc.) were obtained from microscopic GIS data. The calibrated model was evaluated by comparing the estimated daily traffic volumes with the values obtained from vehicle counting. This paper presents the model assumptions and the results obtained for a sample part of the road network.

ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata. Estimation of Daily Traffic on Local Roads in Indiana State - A Mix of Heuristic Search Tool, GIS, and Visum Simulation. ICTIS 2013 2013, 995 -1000.

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata. Estimation of Daily Traffic on Local Roads in Indiana State - A Mix of Heuristic Search Tool, GIS, and Visum Simulation. ICTIS 2013. 2013; ():995-1000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata. 2013. "Estimation of Daily Traffic on Local Roads in Indiana State - A Mix of Heuristic Search Tool, GIS, and Visum Simulation." ICTIS 2013 , no. : 995-1000.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2012 in Archives of Transport
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ACS Style

Andrzej Szarata. Simulation Analysis of CO2 Emission for Different Land Use Development Schemes. Archives of Transport 2012, 24, 1 .

AMA Style

Andrzej Szarata. Simulation Analysis of CO2 Emission for Different Land Use Development Schemes. Archives of Transport. 2012; 24 (4):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrzej Szarata. 2012. "Simulation Analysis of CO2 Emission for Different Land Use Development Schemes." Archives of Transport 24, no. 4: 1.