The chemical composition of leaf oils from Campomanesia aurea, C. guazumifolia, C. rhombea and C. xanthocarpa (Myrtaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Sixty-two compounds have been identified ranging from 94–99% of the oil contents. Our results showed that all analyzed species were rich in sesquiterpenes, among them spathulenol (27.7%) and !b-caryophyllene oxide (29.0%) in C. guazumifolia; bicyclogermacrene (13.6%) and globulol (10.8%) in C. rhombea; and (E)-nerolidol (28.8%) in C. xanthocarpa. The monoterpene fraction was well represented in C. aurea (40.3%), with predominance of the α-pinene (16.5%) and myrcene (11.5%), besides C. rhombea and C. xanthocarpa that showed an important amount of linalool (9.7% and 17.2%, respectively).

The chemical composition of the leaf oils obtained by hydrodistillation of eight Eugenia species, collected in southern Brazil, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Eugenia speciosa oil is characterized by large amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons with α-pinene (47.3%) and limonene (23.0%) as major constituents, while E. cuprea oil is composed of 78.6% sesquiterpenes. Spathulenol (12.1%) was the major component, followed by β-caryophyllene (9.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (8.7%). Eugenia arenosa was dominated by the acyclic sesquiterpene, farnesyl acetate (70.4%) and aromadendrene (11.7%). Eugenia brasiliensis, E. multicostata, E. sulcata and E. xiriricana oils possessed very similar chemical compositions. In the monoterpene fraction, α- and β-pinene were the major components (a total of 40.7%, 23.4%, 35.9% and 21.9%, respectively), while for E. pitanga (E)-β-ocimene (10.5%) was the major component. For the sesquiterpene fraction, spathulenol and globulol were the major components (a total of 10.5%, 19.4%, 18.8% and 24.0%, respectively). In contrast, the oil of E. pitanga was characterized in this fraction by germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene (29.3% and 22.4%, respectively).

Essential oils were obtained from fresh leaves of Eugenia florida and Eugenia mansoi, collected in southern Brazil, and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-five compounds, ranging from 81.1–93.6% of the total oil, were identified. Bicyclogermacrene (10.9%), germacrene D (10.4%) and β-caryophyllene (8.1%) were the major components of E. florida oil, while for E. mansoi oil the main components were viridiflorene (12.5%), (E,E)-farnesol (14.5%) and (E,Z)-farnesol (17.3%).