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Greenhouse gas effect is known as the main cause of worldwide warming and environmental change. The present study was planned to examine the causal relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (CO2S), energy use (EU), fossil fuel energy consumption (FOF), gross domestic product (GDP), and net domestic credit (NDC). This research work is based on Pakistan’s annual data from 1971 to 2014. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing design was used to measure both long-run and the short-run relationships among all study variables. To inspect the stationarity of the study variables, augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) tests were also carried out. The outcome of the long-run estimates indicated that CO2S, EU, and GDP all have a significant relationship with CO2 emissions while both FOF and NDC did not exhibit any significant effect. The value of error correction term (ECT) was − 0.977 which signifies that the deviation of CO2 emissions from short-run to long-run equilibrium was fitted by 97.7% per year. Johansen co-integration test results display a long-run association between the study variables. Based on the study findings, the government requires to take effective measures for constructive policy-making and identification of environmental threats in Pakistan. Additionally, emission decreasing actions should be settled the fundamental agenda in energy and environmental strategies of Pakistan for the reduction in damages connected with carbon dioxide emissions.
Sajjad Ali; Liu Ying; Raheel Anjum; Adnan Nazir; Abdullah Shalmani; Tariq Shah; Farooq Shah. Analysis on the nexus of CO2 emissions, energy use, net domestic credit, and GDP in Pakistan: an ARDL bound testing analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 4594 -4614.
AMA StyleSajjad Ali, Liu Ying, Raheel Anjum, Adnan Nazir, Abdullah Shalmani, Tariq Shah, Farooq Shah. Analysis on the nexus of CO2 emissions, energy use, net domestic credit, and GDP in Pakistan: an ARDL bound testing analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (4):4594-4614.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSajjad Ali; Liu Ying; Raheel Anjum; Adnan Nazir; Abdullah Shalmani; Tariq Shah; Farooq Shah. 2020. "Analysis on the nexus of CO2 emissions, energy use, net domestic credit, and GDP in Pakistan: an ARDL bound testing analysis." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 4: 4594-4614.
Adil Hussain; Amjad Iqbal; Zafar Hayat Khan; Farooq Shah. Introductory Chapter: Recent Advances in Grain Crops Research. Recent Advances in Grain Crops Research 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAdil Hussain, Amjad Iqbal, Zafar Hayat Khan, Farooq Shah. Introductory Chapter: Recent Advances in Grain Crops Research. Recent Advances in Grain Crops Research. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdil Hussain; Amjad Iqbal; Zafar Hayat Khan; Farooq Shah. 2020. "Introductory Chapter: Recent Advances in Grain Crops Research." Recent Advances in Grain Crops Research , no. : 1.
The rising population and reduction in the amount of land and some other resources have created tremendous pressure on current agricultural producers to meet the increasing food demands. To cope with this challenge, certain key inputs, such as fertilizers and other chemicals, are overused, which are worsening the surroundings. This intensive agricultural production without adherence to ecological sustainability has led to declining soil health, land degradation, and severe environmental problems. So, future efforts to feed the growing population should aim for greater agricultural production within sustainable environments. In this regard, innovative steps are needed, as business-as-usual policies lack the potential to cope with these challenges. The concept of agricultural sustainability and various soil and crop management strategies (SCMS) that have been designed to optimize crop yield under sustainable environmental conditions are discussed, including nutrient management, site specific nutrient management (SSNM), integrated nutrient management (INM), integrated soil fertility management (ISFM), integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM), ridge-furrow mulching systems (RFMS), sustainable water management (SWM), conservation agriculture (CA), sustainable land management (SLM), vertical/sky farming, and integrated crop management, and breeding strategies as well as other approaches combined with technological and behavioural changes. The present review suggests that a sustainable production system can be developed by combining the multifaceted efforts under SCMS practices with short- and long-term preventive measures. Reducing chemicals’ usage, such as that of fertilizers and pesticides, plus improvements in the crop input use efficiency could minimize greenhouse gases emissions while protecting the environment. Sustainable agriculture holds promise for humankind and the planet Earth, and it can be successful if all developed and developing nations stand together to seek ‘our common future’ to produce more food while generating less environmental pressure.
Farooq Shah; Wei Wu. Soil and Crop Management Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity within Sustainable Environments. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1485 .
AMA StyleFarooq Shah, Wei Wu. Soil and Crop Management Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity within Sustainable Environments. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1485.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarooq Shah; Wei Wu. 2019. "Soil and Crop Management Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity within Sustainable Environments." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1485.
Nitrogen has a role in plant mineral nutrition, and so a better way of supplying nitrogenous fertilizers is demanded to promote plant nutrition and clean environment. The present study was, therefore, designed to maintain plant mineral requirements and control environmental pollution. Tomato cultivars, that is, Falcon and Rio Grande, were supplied with a mixture of poultry manure (PM) and urea in various proportions in 2009 and 2010. All tested factors (N source, cultivar, and year) alone and in combination significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected the mineral profile of tomato fruit. Treatment 75:25 resulted in highest uptake of calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in cultivar Rio Grande during 2010. Similarly, highest concentration of boron (B) was recorded in Rio Grande fed with 50:50 of PM and urea, respectively. It was concluded that a combination of PM and urea in ratios of 75:25 and 50:50 performed well in achieving the optimal mineral contents in the tomato fruits.
Arshad Ali Khan; Muhammad Sajid; Abdur Rab; Noor Ul Amin; Amjad Iqbal; Farooq Shah; Badshah Islam; Farman Ali; Waqar Ali. Effect of Mixture of Nitrogen from Poultry Manure and Urea on Mineral Profile of Tomato Grown in KPK-Pakistan. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2017, 48, 1486 -1493.
AMA StyleArshad Ali Khan, Muhammad Sajid, Abdur Rab, Noor Ul Amin, Amjad Iqbal, Farooq Shah, Badshah Islam, Farman Ali, Waqar Ali. Effect of Mixture of Nitrogen from Poultry Manure and Urea on Mineral Profile of Tomato Grown in KPK-Pakistan. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 2017; 48 (12):1486-1493.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArshad Ali Khan; Muhammad Sajid; Abdur Rab; Noor Ul Amin; Amjad Iqbal; Farooq Shah; Badshah Islam; Farman Ali; Waqar Ali. 2017. "Effect of Mixture of Nitrogen from Poultry Manure and Urea on Mineral Profile of Tomato Grown in KPK-Pakistan." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 48, no. 12: 1486-1493.
Cotton is an important multipurpose crop which is highly sensitive to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Proper management of this cash crop requires systematic understanding of various environmental conditions vital for both yield and quality. High temperature stress can severely affect the viability of pollens and anther indehiscence leading towards significant yield losses. Cotton can respond to withstand adverse environmental condition in several phases among which the accumulation of chemicals is extremely vital. Calcium, kinases, reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbohydrate, transcription factors, gene expression regulation, and plant hormones signaling pathways are playing a handy role in activating the major genes responsible to encounter and defend elevated temperature stress. The synthesis of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is enhanced when plants are exposed to high temperature stress more distinct of that experienced under natural environment. Molecular breeding can play a functional role to identify superior genes for all the important attributes and provide breeder ready markers for developing ideotypes. The production of high-temperature tolerant transgenic cotton cultivars would provide a stability benefit and will ameliorate its overall performance under high temperature stress.
Kashif Rafiq Zahid; Farhan Ali; Farooq Shah; Muhammad Younas; Tariq Shah; Durri Shahwar; Waseem Hassan; Zahoor Ahmad; Chao Qi; Yanli Lu; Amjad Iqbal; Wei Wu. Response and Tolerance Mechanism of Cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. to Elevated Temperature Stress: A Review. Frontiers in Plant Science 2016, 7, 937 .
AMA StyleKashif Rafiq Zahid, Farhan Ali, Farooq Shah, Muhammad Younas, Tariq Shah, Durri Shahwar, Waseem Hassan, Zahoor Ahmad, Chao Qi, Yanli Lu, Amjad Iqbal, Wei Wu. Response and Tolerance Mechanism of Cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. to Elevated Temperature Stress: A Review. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2016; 7 ():937.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKashif Rafiq Zahid; Farhan Ali; Farooq Shah; Muhammad Younas; Tariq Shah; Durri Shahwar; Waseem Hassan; Zahoor Ahmad; Chao Qi; Yanli Lu; Amjad Iqbal; Wei Wu. 2016. "Response and Tolerance Mechanism of Cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. to Elevated Temperature Stress: A Review." Frontiers in Plant Science 7, no. : 937.
Food allergies are an emerging public health problem in industrialized areas of the world. They represent a considerable health problem in these areas because of the relatively high number of reported cases. Usually, food allergens are proteins or glycoproteins with a molecular mass ranging from 10 to 70 kDa. Among the food allergies, peanut is accounted to be responsible for more than 50% of the food allergy fatalities. Threshold doses for peanut allergenic reactions have been found to range from as low as 100 µg to 1 g of peanut protein, which equal to 400 µg to 4 g peanut meal. Allergens from peanut are mainly seed storage proteins that are composed of conglutin, vicilin, and glycinin families. Several peanut proteins have been identified to induce allergic reactions, particularly Ara h 1–11. This review is mainly focused on different classes of peanut allergens, the effect of thermal and chemical treatment of peanut allergens on the IgY binding and detectability of these allergens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to provide knowledge for food industry. Keywords: peanut proteins; anaphylaxis; conglutin; vicilin; glycinin; allergens processing (Published: 29 February 2016) Citation: Food & Nutrition Research 2016, 60: 28945 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.28945
Amjad Iqbal; Farooq Shah; Muhammad Hamayun; Ayaz Ahmad; Anwar Hussain; Muhammad Waqas; Sang-Mo Kang; In-Jung Lee. Allergens of Arachis hypogaea and the effect of processing on their detection by ELISA. Food & Nutrition Research 2016, 60, 28945 .
AMA StyleAmjad Iqbal, Farooq Shah, Muhammad Hamayun, Ayaz Ahmad, Anwar Hussain, Muhammad Waqas, Sang-Mo Kang, In-Jung Lee. Allergens of Arachis hypogaea and the effect of processing on their detection by ELISA. Food & Nutrition Research. 2016; 60 (1):28945.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Iqbal; Farooq Shah; Muhammad Hamayun; Ayaz Ahmad; Anwar Hussain; Muhammad Waqas; Sang-Mo Kang; In-Jung Lee. 2016. "Allergens of Arachis hypogaea and the effect of processing on their detection by ELISA." Food & Nutrition Research 60, no. 1: 28945.