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Prof. Hyo Sun Jung
Kyung Hee University

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0 Leadership
0 Organizational Culture
0 Workplace Harassment
0 Organization Behavior
0 Employee attitude

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Journal article
Published: 16 August 2021 in Sustainability
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This study examined the effects of workplace flexibility at deluxe hotels on work engagement, satisfaction, and commitment, to determine the moderating effect of generational characteristics (Generation X, Y, and Z). A total of 277 deluxe hotel employees in South Korea participated in the research. The results confirmed the positive effects of workplace flexibility on the engagement and satisfaction of deluxe hotel employees; second, employees’ work engagement had a positive effect on their satisfaction; third, employees’ satisfaction had a positive impact on employees’ commitment; and fourth, the influence of workplace flexibility on engagement did not differ by generation. However, Generation Z showed the largest increase in employee engagement resulting from work flexibility. This result signifies that, when compared to other generations, Generation Z places great importance on workplace flexibility. This study suggests that deluxe hotels should create flexible policies and organizational climates to increase employees’ work engagement, satisfaction, and commitment. The paper also discusses limitations and future research directions.

ACS Style

Hyo-Sun Jung; Hye-Hyun Yoon. Generational Effects of Workplace Flexibility on Work Engagement, Satisfaction, and Commitment in South Korean Deluxe Hotels. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9143 .

AMA Style

Hyo-Sun Jung, Hye-Hyun Yoon. Generational Effects of Workplace Flexibility on Work Engagement, Satisfaction, and Commitment in South Korean Deluxe Hotels. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9143.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo-Sun Jung; Hye-Hyun Yoon. 2021. "Generational Effects of Workplace Flexibility on Work Engagement, Satisfaction, and Commitment in South Korean Deluxe Hotels." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9143.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2021 in Sustainability
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This study aims to examine the effect of workplace loneliness on work engagement and organizational commitment and the moderating role of social relationships between an employee and his or her superior and coworkers in such mechanisms. Workplace loneliness decreased employees’ engagement with their jobs and, as such, decreased engagement had a positive relationship with organizational commitment. Also, the negative influence of workplace loneliness on work engagement was found to be moderated by coworker exchange, and employees’ maintenance of positive social exchange relationships with their coworkers was verified to be a major factor for relieving the negative influence of workplace loneliness.

ACS Style

Hyo Jung; Min Song; Hye Yoon. The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Moderating Roles of Leader-Member Exchange and Coworker Exchange. Sustainability 2021, 13, 948 .

AMA Style

Hyo Jung, Min Song, Hye Yoon. The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Moderating Roles of Leader-Member Exchange and Coworker Exchange. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):948.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Jung; Min Song; Hye Yoon. 2021. "The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Moderating Roles of Leader-Member Exchange and Coworker Exchange." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 948.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Today, organizations face risky legal and financial consequences stemming from a single sexual harassment event. The purpose of this study was to verify that the sexual harassment, as perceived by female employees, significantly affects their levels of psychological distress and workplace deviant behavior to investigate the moderating role of organizational silence and psychological detachment in the causal relationship. First, this study found that perceived sexual harassment has a negative impact on the female employees’ psychological distress and workplace deviant behavior. This study’s results also demonstrated that psychological distress has a positive impact on workplace deviant behavior. Additionally, the influence of perceived sexual harassment on psychological distress increased when the employees’ psychological detachment was weak. Finally, limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. How Does Sexual Harassment Influence the Female Employee’s Negative Response in a Deluxe Hotel? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 9537 .

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Hye Hyun Yoon. How Does Sexual Harassment Influence the Female Employee’s Negative Response in a Deluxe Hotel? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (24):9537.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2020. "How Does Sexual Harassment Influence the Female Employee’s Negative Response in a Deluxe Hotel?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9537.

Research article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research
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This study examines the effect of organizational virtuousness on employees’ engagement and organizational citizenship behavior in a deluxe hotel. It also verifies the moderating role of a positive personality at the individual level and the perception of organizational support at the organizational level in this causal relationship. The sample consists of 353 employees of a deluxe hotel in South Korea. The finding showed that managers can increase employees’ engagement without fail by improving their perception of organizational virtuousness. Employees’ engagement can increase organizational citizenship behavior, and the perception of organizational virtuousness can be linked to better organizational citizenship behavior, as it increases engagement. In addition, the more employees have proactive personality or favorable perception of organizational support, the more the effect of organizational virtuousness on work engagement increased. This result demonstrates the fact that improving employees’ perception of organizational virtuousness is a way of increasing employees’ work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior from managers’ perspective.

ACS Style

Hyo Jung Sun; Hye Hyun Yoon. Linking Organizational Virtuousness, Engagement, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Moderating Role of Individual and Organizational Factors. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Hyo Jung Sun, Hye Hyun Yoon. Linking Organizational Virtuousness, Engagement, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Moderating Role of Individual and Organizational Factors. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Jung Sun; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2020. "Linking Organizational Virtuousness, Engagement, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Moderating Role of Individual and Organizational Factors." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 October 2020 in International Journal of Hospitality Management
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COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented crisis in all industries around the world. This study sought to verify that job insecurity, as perceived by deluxe hotel employees, significantly affects their job engagement and turnover intent and to determine the moderating effect of generational characteristics. The finding showed that perceptions of job insecurity had negative effects on the engagement of deluxe hotel employees. Also, employees’ job engagement can decrease turnover intent. The engagement of employees fully mediated the relationship between perceptions of job insecurity and turnover intent, and job insecurity caused by COVID-19 had a greater influence on Generation Y than Generation X in reducing job engagement, indicating that the negative impact of job insecurity is higher in Generation Y.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Yoon Sik Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. COVID-19: The effects of job insecurity on the job engagement and turnover intent of deluxe hotel employees and the moderating role of generational characteristics. International Journal of Hospitality Management 2020, 92, 102703 -102703.

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Yoon Sik Jung, Hye Hyun Yoon. COVID-19: The effects of job insecurity on the job engagement and turnover intent of deluxe hotel employees and the moderating role of generational characteristics. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2020; 92 ():102703-102703.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Yoon Sik Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2020. "COVID-19: The effects of job insecurity on the job engagement and turnover intent of deluxe hotel employees and the moderating role of generational characteristics." International Journal of Hospitality Management 92, no. : 102703-102703.

Journal article
Published: 03 August 2020 in Information
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of chain restaurant employees’ perception of abusive supervision on employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction. The sample for the survey was collected from 228 customers and 93 employees in a chain restaurant. The results showed a negative relationship between abusive supervision and employee satisfaction. However, abusive supervision did not have a significant, direct effect on customer satisfaction, but showed an indirect effect via employee satisfaction. In addition, employee satisfaction was positively associated with customer satisfaction.

ACS Style

Hyo Jung; Hye Yoon. How do the Employees’s Perceptions of Abusive Supervision Affect Customer Satisfaction in the Chain Restaurants? Employee-Customer Level Analysis. Information 2020, 11, 384 .

AMA Style

Hyo Jung, Hye Yoon. How do the Employees’s Perceptions of Abusive Supervision Affect Customer Satisfaction in the Chain Restaurants? Employee-Customer Level Analysis. Information. 2020; 11 (8):384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Jung; Hye Yoon. 2020. "How do the Employees’s Perceptions of Abusive Supervision Affect Customer Satisfaction in the Chain Restaurants? Employee-Customer Level Analysis." Information 11, no. 8: 384.

Journal article
Published: 07 July 2020 in Sustainability
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With the aim of providing insights to scholars, administrators, and managers on how an employee’s romantic involvement influences job engagement and performance, this study examined workplace romance as a psychological mechanism for determining job performance. A total of 224 deluxe hotel employees in South Korea participated in the research. The results indicate that workplace romance significantly affects employees’ job engagement and performance. Employees who sustain a favorable and positive relationship with others in their organization eventually exhibit increased work effectiveness, which then exerts a constructive effect on hotel services and performance. Moreover, workplace romance experience can significantly improve the effect of workplace romance on job engagement. The paper also discusses limitations and future research directions.

ACS Style

Hyo Jung; Hye Yoon. How Does Workplace Romance Influence Employee Performance in the Hospitality Industry? Sustainability 2020, 12, 5478 .

AMA Style

Hyo Jung, Hye Yoon. How Does Workplace Romance Influence Employee Performance in the Hospitality Industry? Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5478.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Jung; Hye Yoon. 2020. "How Does Workplace Romance Influence Employee Performance in the Hospitality Industry?" Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5478.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2020 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this study is to investigate how foodservice employees’ perceptions of their leader’s integrity affect their work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors, with the aim of moderating empirical evidence of generational differences. This study was administered to 218 foodservice employees using a self-administered questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the measured items were reviewed using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and they were verified using structural equation modeling (SEM). The study results showed that leader integrity had a significant positive effect on employees’ work engagement, and organizational citizenship behaviors, while employee engagement induced by leader integrity increased organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Also, the results found that the effects of leader integrity on OCBs were stronger for Generation Y workers than for Generation X workers. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Kyung Hwa Seo; Hye Hyun Yoon. The Importance of Leader Integrity on Family Restaurant Employees’ Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Exploring Sustainability of Employees’ Generational Differences. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2504 .

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Kyung Hwa Seo, Hye Hyun Yoon. The Importance of Leader Integrity on Family Restaurant Employees’ Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Exploring Sustainability of Employees’ Generational Differences. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2504.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Kyung Hwa Seo; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2020. "The Importance of Leader Integrity on Family Restaurant Employees’ Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Exploring Sustainability of Employees’ Generational Differences." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2504.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2018 in Tourism Management
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Conflict within an organization is inescapable. However when frontline hotel employees can overcome conflicts their levels of engagement can increase and innovative behavior may emerge. The purpose of this study was to verify that the conflict management, as perceived by frontline employees, significantly affects their levels of engagement and innovative behavior. The results support this notion. Further, in the sample of 383, those employees expressing a high level of engagement were more likely to engage in innovative behavior. Also, employee engagement fully mediated the relationship between conflict management climate and innovative behavior. These findings have important implications for managing conflict management in the hospitality industry. Finally, limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. Improving frontline service employees' innovative behavior using conflict management in the hospitality industry: The mediating role of engagement. Tourism Management 2018, 69, 498 -507.

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Hye Hyun Yoon. Improving frontline service employees' innovative behavior using conflict management in the hospitality industry: The mediating role of engagement. Tourism Management. 2018; 69 ():498-507.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2018. "Improving frontline service employees' innovative behavior using conflict management in the hospitality industry: The mediating role of engagement." Tourism Management 69, no. : 498-507.

Original articles
Published: 03 July 2018 in The Service Industries Journal
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Recently, workplace harassment in the form of superiors abusing their power over subordinates has emerged as a social problem. In the deluxe hotel work environment, dealing with this issue starts by asking whether harassment by a superior has taken place – and if so, how it has influenced subordinates’ responses. The purpose of this study was to measure the perception of workplace harassment among employees and to explain the relationships between workplace harassment and employee engagement, satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intent in deluxe hotels in South Korea. The results showed that verbal aggression had a significant negative effect on employee engagement, while isolation, disrespectful behavior, and physical aggression exacerbated employee burnout. In addition, employee engagement significantly enhanced job satisfaction, while burnout increased employees’ turnover intent. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. How does workplace harassment influence the employees’ response in a deluxe hotel? The Service Industries Journal 2018, 39, 877 -900.

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Hye Hyun Yoon. How does workplace harassment influence the employees’ response in a deluxe hotel? The Service Industries Journal. 2018; 39 (11-12):877-900.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2018. "How does workplace harassment influence the employees’ response in a deluxe hotel?" The Service Industries Journal 39, no. 11-12: 877-900.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2013 in International Journal of Hospitality Management
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The purpose of this study is to understand the interrelationships among employees’ satisfaction and customer's satisfaction and loyalty in a family restaurant. The study was administered to 69 employees and 258 customers. The results showed a positive relationship between employees’ satisfaction and customer satisfaction. However, employees’ satisfaction did not have a significant, direct impact on customer loyalty, but showed an indirect influence via customer satisfaction. In addition, customer satisfaction was positively associated with customer loyalty. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. Do employees’ satisfied customers respond with an satisfactory relationship? The effects of employees’ satisfaction on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty in a family restaurant. International Journal of Hospitality Management 2013, 34, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Hye Hyun Yoon. Do employees’ satisfied customers respond with an satisfactory relationship? The effects of employees’ satisfaction on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty in a family restaurant. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2013; 34 ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2013. "Do employees’ satisfied customers respond with an satisfactory relationship? The effects of employees’ satisfaction on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty in a family restaurant." International Journal of Hospitality Management 34, no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2011 in International Journal of Hospitality Management
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The purpose of this study was to understand interrelationships among customers’ perception of nonverbal communication, customers’ emotional responses and customer satisfaction in the family restaurant. A total of 333 customers in Korea participated. The results showed that employees’ kinesics and proxemics among nonverbal communications have a significant effect on customers’ positive emotions, while employees’ kinesics and paralanguage affect customers’ negative emotions. Also, it was found that whether customers feel positive or negative determines their satisfaction. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. The effects of nonverbal communication of employees in the family restaurant upon customers’ emotional responses and customer satisfaction. International Journal of Hospitality Management 2011, 30, 542 -550.

AMA Style

Hyo Sun Jung, Hye Hyun Yoon. The effects of nonverbal communication of employees in the family restaurant upon customers’ emotional responses and customer satisfaction. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2011; 30 (3):542-550.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyo Sun Jung; Hye Hyun Yoon. 2011. "The effects of nonverbal communication of employees in the family restaurant upon customers’ emotional responses and customer satisfaction." International Journal of Hospitality Management 30, no. 3: 542-550.