Measuring the swing angle of a crane load is a relatively well-known but unsatisfactorily solved problem in technical practice. This measurement is necessary for the automatic stabilization of load swing without human intervention. This article describes a technically simple and new approach to solving this problem. The focus of this work is to determine the accuracy of the measuring device. The focus of this work remains on the design, the principle of operation of the equipment, and the determination of accuracy. The basic idea is to apply the strain gauge on an elastic, easily deformable component that is part of the device. One part of the elastic component is fixedly connected to the frame; the other part is connected to the crane rope by means of pulleys close to the rope. In this way, the bending of the elastic component in proportion to the swing angle of the payload is ensured.

The article deals with types of artificial corneal material designed for the eye model, which is designed to calibrate the optical tonometers. This article is focused on the comparison of suitable materials for artificial cornea, measurement and evaluation of the data on the selected contact and non-contact optical tonometers. It sets partial conclusions for the calibration of optical tonometers in ophthalmological practice from the point of view of the materials used.

In this study a transient finite element model was developed to examine the temperature evolution of continuous casting blooms during reheating prior to rail rolling. The simulation was carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6, incorporating convective and radiative heat transfer mechanisms under a three-zone furnace (preheating, heating and soaking) temperature schedule. The temperature distribution and soaking uniformity were evaluated over a 7200 s heating cycle. The results indicate that proper adjustment of furnace setpoints enables the bloom center to reach approximately 1220 °C while maintaining acceptable temperature uniformity $∆T\le 50 ℃$. This study shows how numerical modeling can be used to improve thermal homogeneity prior to hot rolling and optimize reheating furnace performance.