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Alley cropping agroforestry systems are complex agroecosystems highlighted for their positive effects on soil quality. However, the potential spatial heterogeneity of soil quality created by tree rows at the plot scale has seldom been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil quality at the plot scale, under tree rows and along transects perpendicular to the tree row and to compare alley cropping systems with monocropping systems. This study was performed on an alley cropping system that combined hybrid walnut trees (21 years old) and peas. Topsoil was sampled at tree rows between 1 and 2, 2 and 4 and 4 and 6.5 m from the tree row in the alley cropping system, as well as in a neighbouring monocropping plot. Physical, chemical and microbiological indicators of soil quality were measured. Tree row implantation induced spatial heterogeneity in the chemical indicators, microbial biomass, activities and community structure at the alley cropping plot scale. Alley cropping not only improved microbiological soil quality indicators within the tree rows but also in the interrows when compared to a monocropping system. These indicators were then integrated into one soil quality index (SQI) built through a statistical approach. The soil quality index was calculated for the monocropping plot and for each position within the alley cropping plot. After 21 years of agroforestry practice, tree rows and permanent grass cover improved the SQI until 2 m in the interrow. Weighted SQIs were calculated relative to the surface area of each location for the entire alley cropping plot (i.e., tree row + interrow positions) and for the entire alley cropping interrow (i.e., removing the tree row surface area). The weighted SQI of the entire alley cropping plot significantly increased compared with that of the monocropping plot.
Esther Guillot; Isabelle Bertrand; Cornelia Rumpel; Claudia Gomez; Didier Arnal; Josiane Abadie; Philippe Hinsinger. Spatial heterogeneity of soil quality within a Mediterranean alley cropping agroforestry system: Comparison with a monocropping system. European Journal of Soil Biology 2021, 105, 103330 .
AMA StyleEsther Guillot, Isabelle Bertrand, Cornelia Rumpel, Claudia Gomez, Didier Arnal, Josiane Abadie, Philippe Hinsinger. Spatial heterogeneity of soil quality within a Mediterranean alley cropping agroforestry system: Comparison with a monocropping system. European Journal of Soil Biology. 2021; 105 ():103330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEsther Guillot; Isabelle Bertrand; Cornelia Rumpel; Claudia Gomez; Didier Arnal; Josiane Abadie; Philippe Hinsinger. 2021. "Spatial heterogeneity of soil quality within a Mediterranean alley cropping agroforestry system: Comparison with a monocropping system." European Journal of Soil Biology 105, no. : 103330.
Organic amendments may improve the quality of acidic tropical agricultural soils with low organic carbon contents under conventional management (mineral fertilization and irrigation) in Southeast Asia. We investigated the effect of biochar, compost and their combination on maize growth and yield, soil physical, biological and chemical properties at harvesting time at four sites in three countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. Treatments consisted of 10 t·ha−1 cow manure compost and 7 t·ha−1 of Bamboo biochar and their combination. Maize biomass production and cop yields were recorded for two seasons. Elemental content, pH and nutrient availability of soils were analyzed after the first growing season. We also characterized macrofauna abundance and water infiltration. Few changes were noted for maize biomass production and maize cop yield. Soil chemical parameters showed contrasting, site-specific results. Compost and biochar amendments increased soil organic carbon, pH, total K and N, P and K availability especially for sandy soils in Thailand. The combination of both amendments could reduce nutrient availability as compared to compost only treatments. Physical and biological parameters showed no treatment response. We conclude that the addition of compost, biochar and their mixture to tropical soils have site-specific short-term effects on chemical soil parameters. Their short-term effect on plants is thus mainly related to nutrient input. The site-dependent results despite similar crops, fertilization and irrigation practices suggest that inherent soil parameters and optimization of organic amendment application to specific pedoclimatic conditions need future attention.
Thuy Doan; Phimmasone Sisouvanh; Thanyakan Sengkhrua; Supranee Sritumboon; Cornelia Rumpel; Pascal Jouquet; Nicolas Bottinelli. Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia. Agronomy 2021, 11, 348 .
AMA StyleThuy Doan, Phimmasone Sisouvanh, Thanyakan Sengkhrua, Supranee Sritumboon, Cornelia Rumpel, Pascal Jouquet, Nicolas Bottinelli. Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):348.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThuy Doan; Phimmasone Sisouvanh; Thanyakan Sengkhrua; Supranee Sritumboon; Cornelia Rumpel; Pascal Jouquet; Nicolas Bottinelli. 2021. "Site-Specific Effects of Organic Amendments on Parameters of Tropical Agricultural Soil and Yield: A Field Experiment in Three Countries in Southeast Asia." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 348.
Biochar addition to compost is of growing interest as soil amendment. However, little is known about the evolution of material properties of biochar-compost mixtures and their effect on plants after exposure to physical weathering. This study aimed to investigate the physico-chemical characteristics of fresh and weathered biochar-compost mixtures, their biological stability and their effect on ryegrass growth. To this end, we used the contrasting stable isotope signatures of biochar and compost to follow their behavior in biochar-compost mixtures subjected to artificial weathering during 1-year of incubation. We assessed their impact on ryegrass growth during a 4-week greenhouse pot experiment. Weathering treatment resulted in strong leaching of labile compounds. However, biochar-compost interactions led to reduced mass loss and fixed carbon retention during weathering of mixtures. Moreover, weathering increased carbon mineralization of biochar-compost mixtures, probably due to the protection of labile compounds from compost within biochar structure, as well as leaching of labile biochar compounds inhibiting microbial activity. After soil application, weathered mixtures could have positive effects on biomass production. We conclude that biochar-compost interactions on soil microbial activity and plant growth are evolving after physical weathering depending on biochar production conditions.
Marie-Liesse Aubertin; Cyril Girardin; Sabine Houot; Cécile Nobile; David Houben; Sarah Bena; Yann Brech; Cornelia Rumpel. Biochar-Compost Interactions as Affected by Weathering: Effects on Biological Stability and Plant Growth. Agronomy 2021, 11, 336 .
AMA StyleMarie-Liesse Aubertin, Cyril Girardin, Sabine Houot, Cécile Nobile, David Houben, Sarah Bena, Yann Brech, Cornelia Rumpel. Biochar-Compost Interactions as Affected by Weathering: Effects on Biological Stability and Plant Growth. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):336.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarie-Liesse Aubertin; Cyril Girardin; Sabine Houot; Cécile Nobile; David Houben; Sarah Bena; Yann Brech; Cornelia Rumpel. 2021. "Biochar-Compost Interactions as Affected by Weathering: Effects on Biological Stability and Plant Growth." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 336.
Introduction of temporary grasslands into cropping cycles could be a sustainable management practice leading to increased soil organic carbon (SOC) to contribute to climate change adaption and mitigation. To investigate the impact of temporary grassland management practices on SOC storage of croplands, we used a spatially resolved sampling approach combined with geostatistical analyses across an agricultural experiment. The experiment included blocks (0.4- to 3-ha blocks) of continuous grassland, continuous cropping and temporary grasslands with different durations and N-fertilizations on a 23-ha site in western France. We measured changes in SOC storage over this 9-year experiment on loamy soil and investigated physicochemical soil parameters. In the soil profiles (0–90 cm), SOC stocks ranged from 82.7 to 98.5 t ha−1 in 2005 and from 81.3 to 103.9 t ha−1 in 2014. On 0.4-ha blocks, the continuous grassland increased SOC in the soil profile with highest gains in the first 30 cm, while losses were recorded under continuous cropping. Where temporary grasslands were introduced into cropping cycles, SOC stocks were maintained. These observations were only partly confirmed when changing the scale of observation to 3-ha blocks. At the 3-ha scale, most grassland treatments exhibited both gains and losses of SOC, which could be partly related to soil physicochemical properties. Overall, our data suggest that both management practices and soil characteristics determine if carbon will accumulate in SOC pools. For detailed understanding of SOC changes, a combination of measurements at different scales is necessary.
Alexandra Crème; Cornelia Rumpel; Sparkle L. Malone; Nicolas P. A. Saby; Emmanuelle Vaudour; Marie-Laure Decau; Abad Chabbi. Monitoring Grassland Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon—A Matter of Scale. Agronomy 2020, 10, 2016 .
AMA StyleAlexandra Crème, Cornelia Rumpel, Sparkle L. Malone, Nicolas P. A. Saby, Emmanuelle Vaudour, Marie-Laure Decau, Abad Chabbi. Monitoring Grassland Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon—A Matter of Scale. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):2016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra Crème; Cornelia Rumpel; Sparkle L. Malone; Nicolas P. A. Saby; Emmanuelle Vaudour; Marie-Laure Decau; Abad Chabbi. 2020. "Monitoring Grassland Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon—A Matter of Scale." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 2016.
The Paris Climate Agreements and Sustainable Development Goals, signed by 197 countries, present agendas and address key issues for implementing multi-scale responses for sustainable development under climate change—an effort that must involve local, regional, national, and supra-national stakeholders. In that regard, Continental Carbon Sequestration (CoCS) and conservation of carbon sinks are recognized increasingly as having potentially important roles in mitigating climate change and adapting to it. Making that potential a reality will require indicators of success for various stakeholders from multidisciplinary backgrounds, plus promotion of long-term implementation of strategic action towards civil society (e.g., law and policy makers, economists, and farmers). To help meet those challenges, this discussion paper summarizes the state of the art and uncertainties regarding CoCS, taking an interdisciplinary, holistic approach toward understanding these complex issues. The first part of the paper discusses the carbon cycle’s bio-geophysical processes, while the second introduces the plurality of geographical scales to be addressed when dealing with landscape management for CoCS. The third part addresses systemic viability, vulnerability, and resilience in CoCS practices, before concluding with the need to develop inter-disciplinarity in sustainable science, participative research, and the societal implications of sustainable CoCS actions.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Maud Loireau; Romain Courault; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Thierry Desjardins; Cécile Gomez; Alexandre Grondin; Frédéric Guérin; Didier Orange; Raphaël Pélissier; Georges Serpantié; Marie-Hélène Durand; Pierre Derioz; Gildas Laruelle Goulven; Marie-Hélène Schwoob; Nicolas Viovy; Olivier Barrière; Eric Blanchart; Vincent Blanfort; Michel Brossard; Julien Demenois; Mireille Fargette; Thierry Heulin; Gil Mahe; Raphaël Manlay; Pascal Podwojewski; Cornélia Rumpel; Benjamin Sultan; Jean-Luc Chotte. Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6715 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Maud Loireau, Romain Courault, Lydie Chapuis-Lardy, Thierry Desjardins, Cécile Gomez, Alexandre Grondin, Frédéric Guérin, Didier Orange, Raphaël Pélissier, Georges Serpantié, Marie-Hélène Durand, Pierre Derioz, Gildas Laruelle Goulven, Marie-Hélène Schwoob, Nicolas Viovy, Olivier Barrière, Eric Blanchart, Vincent Blanfort, Michel Brossard, Julien Demenois, Mireille Fargette, Thierry Heulin, Gil Mahe, Raphaël Manlay, Pascal Podwojewski, Cornélia Rumpel, Benjamin Sultan, Jean-Luc Chotte. Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6715.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Maud Loireau; Romain Courault; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Thierry Desjardins; Cécile Gomez; Alexandre Grondin; Frédéric Guérin; Didier Orange; Raphaël Pélissier; Georges Serpantié; Marie-Hélène Durand; Pierre Derioz; Gildas Laruelle Goulven; Marie-Hélène Schwoob; Nicolas Viovy; Olivier Barrière; Eric Blanchart; Vincent Blanfort; Michel Brossard; Julien Demenois; Mireille Fargette; Thierry Heulin; Gil Mahe; Raphaël Manlay; Pascal Podwojewski; Cornélia Rumpel; Benjamin Sultan; Jean-Luc Chotte. 2020. "Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6715.
Silicon (Si) exerts beneficial effects in mitigating aluminum (Al) toxicity in different plant species. These include attenuating oxidative damage and improving structural strengthening as a result of the increased production of secondary metabolites such as phenols. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of Si on phenol production and composition in two barley cultivars under Al stress. Our conceptual approach included a hydroponic experiment with an Al-tolerant (Sebastian) and an Al-sensitive (Scarlett) barley cultivar treated with two Al doses (0 or 0.2 mM of Al) and two Si doses (0 or 2 mM) for 21 days. Chemical, biochemical and growth parameters were assayed after harvest. Our results indicated that the Al and Si concentration decreased in both cultivars when Al and Si were added in combination. Silicon increased the antioxidant activity and soluble phenol concentration, but reduced lipid peroxidation irrespective of the Al dose. Both barley cultivars showed changes in culm creep rate, flavonoids and flavones concentration, lignin accumulation and altered lignin composition in Si and Al treatments. We concluded that Si fertilization could increase the resistance of barley to Al toxicity by regulating the metabolism of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and structural functions.
Isis Vega; Cornelia Rumpel; Antonieta Ruíz; Maria Luz Mora; Daniel Calderini; Paula Cartes. Silicon Modulates the Production and Composition of Phenols in Barley under Aluminum Stress. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1138 .
AMA StyleIsis Vega, Cornelia Rumpel, Antonieta Ruíz, Maria Luz Mora, Daniel Calderini, Paula Cartes. Silicon Modulates the Production and Composition of Phenols in Barley under Aluminum Stress. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (8):1138.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsis Vega; Cornelia Rumpel; Antonieta Ruíz; Maria Luz Mora; Daniel Calderini; Paula Cartes. 2020. "Silicon Modulates the Production and Composition of Phenols in Barley under Aluminum Stress." Agronomy 10, no. 8: 1138.
The quality of organic soil amendments such as composts and vermicomposts can be improved by using additives during their production. However, little is known about the impact of these materials on carbon flow in the plant-soil system. We investigated the impact of organic amendments produced through composting and vermicomposting in the presence of clay minerals (montmorillonite) and/or earthworms on plants (perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne and common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris) and carbon flow in soil. We carried out a growth chamber experiment with continuous 13C labelling and analysed above-/below-ground biomass production, as well as biogeochemical parameters of plant and soil (rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric) compartments. Quantitative biogeochemical analyses were further merged with microscale elemental and isotopic information (NanoSIMS) to investigate carbon transfer in the rhizopheric soil. Our results showed lowest biomass production for treatments amended with organic amendments produced without minerals probably related to the release of harmful substances (excess of dissolved organic carbon, salts and inorganic nitrogen) due to the immature nature of these materials. The use of montmorillonite as additive during the preparation of the amendments alleviated these adverse effects and resulted in a significant increase of above-/below-ground plant biomass production. When the organic amendments were produced in the presence of eathworms and montmorillonite, the higher plant biomass promoted the release of root-derived carbon within the rhizospheric soil (compared with amendments without clay minerals), which was used as an energy-rich substrate by microorganisms. We conclude that the use of mineral additives during composting or vermicomposting favours plant biomass production and carbon transfer to the soil and its microorganisms, which could enhance soil carbon storage in the longer term.
A. Vidal; T. Lenhart; M.F. Dignac; P. Biron; C. Höschen; J. Barthod; C. Vedere; V. Vaury; T. Bariac; C. Rumpel. Promoting plant growth and carbon transfer to soil with organic amendments produced with mineral additives. Geoderma 2020, 374, 114454 .
AMA StyleA. Vidal, T. Lenhart, M.F. Dignac, P. Biron, C. Höschen, J. Barthod, C. Vedere, V. Vaury, T. Bariac, C. Rumpel. Promoting plant growth and carbon transfer to soil with organic amendments produced with mineral additives. Geoderma. 2020; 374 ():114454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Vidal; T. Lenhart; M.F. Dignac; P. Biron; C. Höschen; J. Barthod; C. Vedere; V. Vaury; T. Bariac; C. Rumpel. 2020. "Promoting plant growth and carbon transfer to soil with organic amendments produced with mineral additives." Geoderma 374, no. : 114454.
Feeding behavior of large herbivores determines the composition of their dung and together with environmental factors the intensity of decomposition processes leading to the recycling of nutrients in tropical forests. Large herbivore dung and its decomposition has so far been characterized by stoichiometric analyses of elements such as C and N. The objective of our study was to examine the suitability of biomarker analyses and analytical pyrolysis to infer large herbivore feeding behavior and the decomposition of their dung in different environments. Our conceptual approach included exposure of fresh dung of a grazing ruminant (gaur, Bos gaurus) and a non-ruminant mixed-feeder (the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus) in two tropical forest types (dry and moist) and analysis of dung biochemical composition in two seasons (dry and wet). To this end we characterized the dungs’ lignin and carbohydrate (sugar) signatures and pyrolysis products before and after 28 days of exposure. Our results showed that stoichiometric as well as biomarker analyses were able to differentiate gaur and elephant dung independent of season and forest type, while analytical pyrolysis products did not differ between dung types. The lignin signature of fresh dung additionally indicated the forage preference of animals in different forest types and seasons. During decomposition, C and N contents decreased and the chemical composition of both dung types converged. The lignin signature of dung at the end of the experiment showed higher lignin decomposition in moist forest and wet season than dry forest and dry season. We conclude that detailed biochemical analyses can provide deeper insights into the main controls of large herbivore dung and its decomposition in tropical forests than stoichiometric analysis. In particular lignin may be a suitable indicator to investigate large herbivore feeding behavior and the environmental conditions of their habitat.
E. Chaudhary; P. Jouquet; C. Rumpel; R. Sukumar. Chemical parameters of decomposing dung in tropical forest as indicators of feeding behaviour of large herbivores: A step beyond classical stoichiometry. Ecological Indicators 2020, 115, 106407 .
AMA StyleE. Chaudhary, P. Jouquet, C. Rumpel, R. Sukumar. Chemical parameters of decomposing dung in tropical forest as indicators of feeding behaviour of large herbivores: A step beyond classical stoichiometry. Ecological Indicators. 2020; 115 ():106407.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Chaudhary; P. Jouquet; C. Rumpel; R. Sukumar. 2020. "Chemical parameters of decomposing dung in tropical forest as indicators of feeding behaviour of large herbivores: A step beyond classical stoichiometry." Ecological Indicators 115, no. : 106407.
Stabilization of organic matter (OM) against decomposition and its de-stabilization leading to mineralization, are important processes in the control of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration in soils. Soil organisms, particularly earthworms, may influence these processes greatly through their potential impacts on the interaction of OM with clay minerals, which is a mechanism which may protect OM for medium (years) to long (decades, centuries) time scales. The aim of this study was to use earthworms and pure minerals in order to investigate enhancement of carbon sequestration through the formation of aggregates containing particulate OM and organo-mineral associations, during a composting experiment. To this end we compared OM transformations in composting treatments with and without (i) clay minerals (montmorillonite) and (ii) epigeic earthworms (Eisenia andrei and Eisenia foetida). We used density fractionation of the end-products to quantify the amount of aggregates, including organo-mineral associations, formed during 196 days. Chemical composition and stability were examined by elemental analyses, Rock-Eval 6 thermal analysis and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The results indicated that the addition of minerals led to the formation of heavy fractions, most probably containing aggregates and organo-mineral associations, in treatments with and without earthworms. While OM showed higher oxidative transformation in all treatments, addition of earthworms changed organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) concentrations in specific density fractions and increased the thermal stability of OM in heavy density fractions. These fractions contained higher proportions of aromatic and proteinaceous materials. We conclude that, earthworms under composting conditions, earthworms may be able to effectively to stabilize OM through the formation of aggregates and/or organo-mineral associations containing greater proportions of microbially-derived material.
Guillaume Le Mer; Justine Barthod; Marie-France Dignac; Pierre Barré; Francois Baudin; Cornelia Rumpel. Inferring the impact of earthworms on the stability of organo-mineral associations, by Rock-Eval thermal analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Organic Geochemistry 2020, 144, 104016 .
AMA StyleGuillaume Le Mer, Justine Barthod, Marie-France Dignac, Pierre Barré, Francois Baudin, Cornelia Rumpel. Inferring the impact of earthworms on the stability of organo-mineral associations, by Rock-Eval thermal analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Organic Geochemistry. 2020; 144 ():104016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuillaume Le Mer; Justine Barthod; Marie-France Dignac; Pierre Barré; Francois Baudin; Cornelia Rumpel. 2020. "Inferring the impact of earthworms on the stability of organo-mineral associations, by Rock-Eval thermal analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy." Organic Geochemistry 144, no. : 104016.
Global change is likely to increase the drought periods, which may have significant consequences for the turnover of SOM, in particular through their effect on plants. The aim of the study was to assess different compartments of the soil – plant continuum for their response to drought stress by combining field and laboratory experiments. We focused on three common grassland species (Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea and Dactylis glomerata) found to constitute grasslands of the temperate climate. We investigated drought impact on (1) plant biochemistry and potential mineralization of this material in soil, (2) decomposition of aboveground plant leaf litter of different quality, (3) plant-mediated soil C fluxes including (4) soil microbial biomass and their enzyme activities in the rhizosphere.
Plant elemental and biochemical composition showed contrasting changes depending on the species in response to drought stress. The changes in elemental and biochemical composition of leaf litter, ultimately influenced its mineralization in soil. Drought stress highly modified the decomposition dynamics of litter from the three grassland species as a function of litter quality.
Moreover, drought stress resulted in significant decrease in both shoot and root biomass in monocultures, while root biomass did not change when they were grown in mixture. Under drought stress, we observed higher belowground allocation of photosynthates and the drought had reduced root-derived respiration. This resulted in significant changes of soil enzyme activities.
Our results suggest that plant species and community composition strongly influenced drought effects in the rhizosphere. Thus, management interventions should aim at influencing rhizosphere processes through their impact on microbial activities affecting C, N and water cycles. Plant community composition and in particular the introduction of legumes might be a tool to attenuate drought stress not only because of different water use efficiency by plants, but also by their indirect effects on these processes.
Cornelia Rumpel; Muhammad Sanaullah; Maria De La Luz Mora; Marcela Calabi Floody; Abad Chabbi. Impact of drought on C forms and fluxes in the soil – plant continuum. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleCornelia Rumpel, Muhammad Sanaullah, Maria De La Luz Mora, Marcela Calabi Floody, Abad Chabbi. Impact of drought on C forms and fluxes in the soil – plant continuum. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCornelia Rumpel; Muhammad Sanaullah; Maria De La Luz Mora; Marcela Calabi Floody; Abad Chabbi. 2020. "Impact of drought on C forms and fluxes in the soil – plant continuum." , no. : 1.
Andisols, rich in minerals like allophane, imogolite and iron- (Fe) or aluminum- (Al) oxides have high phosphorus (P) sorption capacity and require annual P additions to ensure plant productivity. It is known that the use of composted poultry manure (PM) increases soil labile P and carbon concentration, although the mechanisms controlling P availability and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between soil available P and particles size distribution, SOC, and iron and aluminum complexes on Southern Chilean pastures with long-term PM amendment. Soil samples, were collected from 4 pastoral farms where PM had been applied annually at 3 tons ha−1 for 5 and 10 years. We analyzed for elemental concentrations, P forms through a modified P fractionation methodology and aggregation through particle size analyses and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, we determined oxalate and pyrophosphate extractable Fe and Al. Andisols receiving long-term PM amendment had 22–65% higher SOC contents than unfertilized control likely due to improved aggregation capacity as indicated by greater soil particle size. Moreover, the readily available inorganic P increased by 56 to 286% between control and PM amended soils. Andisols amended with PM also showed lower oxalate extractable Al and Fe and higher pyrophosphate extractable forms. These parameters correlated with SOC, labile P concentrations and particle size distribution. We concluded that increased P availability under pastures growing on Andisol with long-term PM amendment is regulated by three mechanisms related to input of readily available P, release of native soil P and decreased availability of sorption sites.
Patricia Poblete-Grant; Jonathan Marcelo Suazo Hernandez; Leo Condron; Cornelia Rumpel; Rolando Demanet; Sparkle L. Malone; Maria Luz Mora. Soil available P, soil organic carbon and aggregation as affected by long-term poultry manure application to Andisols under pastures in Southern Chile. Geoderma Regional 2020, 21, e00271 .
AMA StylePatricia Poblete-Grant, Jonathan Marcelo Suazo Hernandez, Leo Condron, Cornelia Rumpel, Rolando Demanet, Sparkle L. Malone, Maria Luz Mora. Soil available P, soil organic carbon and aggregation as affected by long-term poultry manure application to Andisols under pastures in Southern Chile. Geoderma Regional. 2020; 21 ():e00271.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatricia Poblete-Grant; Jonathan Marcelo Suazo Hernandez; Leo Condron; Cornelia Rumpel; Rolando Demanet; Sparkle L. Malone; Maria Luz Mora. 2020. "Soil available P, soil organic carbon and aggregation as affected by long-term poultry manure application to Andisols under pastures in Southern Chile." Geoderma Regional 21, no. : e00271.
Clay-sized soil minerals are known to protect organic carbon (OC) from mineralisation by formation of organo-mineral associations limiting its availability to microorganisms. The impact of soil fauna on these processes is poorly known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of earthworms on organic matter (OM) decomposition and association with minerals during a laboratory experiment. We used a model system consisting of fresh OM incubated with and without epigeic earthworms (Eisenia andrei and foetida) in presence of different types and amounts of phyllosilicates (kaolinite, montmorillonite) and an iron oxide (goethite) and combinations of these minerals. Our experimental setup included a high OM:mineral ratio to represent the soil-litter interphase. We monitored OC mineralisation during 196 days. Additionally, we investigated physicochemical parameters and chemical OM characteristics of decomposition products by determination of water-soluble OC (WSOC) and acquisition of solid-state 13C NMR spectra. We also analysed microscale organisation of the organo-mineral associations produced with and without earthworms by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Earthworms enhanced OC mineralisation in all treatments. They also led to greater reductions of OC emissions in the presence of minerals as compared to the mineral-free control, depending on the type and amount of minerals added. The presence of earthworms affected microbial biomass, the concentration of WSOC and increased the contribution of aromatic compounds to OM decomposition products. Microscale analyses by TEM showed that earthworms favoured association of minerals with partly degraded OM along with completely degraded material, while in absence of earthworms only completely degraded OM was associated with minerals. We conclude that earthworms impact OM decomposition through (1) their effect on microbial biomass and the physicochemical parameters of microbial habitat and (2) the formation of OM associations by changing the OM types associated to minerals and possibly by creating closer association of partly degraded OM and iron oxides. The stability of these associations remains to be investigated.
J. Barthod; M.-F. Dignac; G. Le Mer; Nicolas Bottinelli; F. Watteau; I. Kögel-Knabner; C. Rumpel. How do earthworms affect organic matter decomposition in the presence of clay-sized minerals? Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2020, 143, 107730 .
AMA StyleJ. Barthod, M.-F. Dignac, G. Le Mer, Nicolas Bottinelli, F. Watteau, I. Kögel-Knabner, C. Rumpel. How do earthworms affect organic matter decomposition in the presence of clay-sized minerals? Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2020; 143 ():107730.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Barthod; M.-F. Dignac; G. Le Mer; Nicolas Bottinelli; F. Watteau; I. Kögel-Knabner; C. Rumpel. 2020. "How do earthworms affect organic matter decomposition in the presence of clay-sized minerals?" Soil Biology and Biochemistry 143, no. : 107730.
Evaluation of the temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is critical for forecasting whether soils in a warming world will lose or gain carbon and, therefore, accelerate or mitigate climate warming. It is usually described, using Arrhenius kinetics, as increasing with the stability of the substrate in laboratory conditions, where substrate availability is non-limiting and where chemical recalcitrance, therefore, predominantly regulates stability. However, conditions of non-limiting subtrate availability are rare in the undisturbed soil, where physicochemical protection of substrates may control their stability. The aim of this study was to assess the temperature sensitivity of decomposition of SOM with contrasting stability in the field. Our conceptual approach was based on in situ measurements of soil CO2 efflux at a range of temperatures from root exclusion plots of increasing age (1 month and three decades) and, therefore, with SOM of increasing stability. From a set of short-term measurements in spring, using diurnal temperature variation, the relative temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) with increasing SOM stability, and was weak (Q10 < 1.3) in long-term root exclusion plots. This result was confirmed in a similar set of short-term measurements repeated later in the year, in summer, as well as from an analysis perfomed at the seasonal timscale. We provide direct field evidence that the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition decreases with increasing stability, in direct contrast with Arrhenius kinetics prediction, and therefore show that stability of SOM in the field cannot be the sole result of chemical recalcitrance. We conclude that the physicochemical protection of SOM, which controls SOM stability in the field, constrains the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition under field conditions.
Gabriel Moinet; Matthias Moinet; John E. Hunt; Cornelia Rumpel; Abad Chabbi; Peter Millard. Temperature sensitivity of decomposition decreases with increasing soil organic matter stability. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 704, 135460 .
AMA StyleGabriel Moinet, Matthias Moinet, John E. Hunt, Cornelia Rumpel, Abad Chabbi, Peter Millard. Temperature sensitivity of decomposition decreases with increasing soil organic matter stability. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 704 ():135460.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel Moinet; Matthias Moinet; John E. Hunt; Cornelia Rumpel; Abad Chabbi; Peter Millard. 2019. "Temperature sensitivity of decomposition decreases with increasing soil organic matter stability." Science of The Total Environment 704, no. : 135460.
In modern agriculture large amounts of harvesting residues are produced each year due to the increase of agricultural activities in order to maintain food production for the growing population. The development of innovative fertilizers, able to satisfy nutrient needs without adverse effects on the environment. In order to allow for effective production of a carrier material for smart fertilizers, the objective of this study is to propose a statistical method to optimize the water holding capacity (WHC) and organic matter stability properties of co-composted wheat straw (WS) by using a multi response method. We varied WS size (2 cm), charge of Trichoderma harzianum (0, 7 and 14 discs), and nitrogen addition (0, 0.95 and 1.95 g kg-1). Optimized carrier material was characterized by a higher porosity (WHC 91.7%) than raw WS, associated to structural changes and slightly increased stability as indicated by C:N ratio of the 59.5, slightly alkaline (pH ∼ 8.0), with high OM structural complexity (E4:E6 ∼ 7,9) and enhanced sorption properties (total acidity ∼ 11.6). We conclude that the optimal treatment included co-composting of WS with fine particle size (<1 cm), with a charge of T. harzianum (14 discs), and 0.98 g kg-1 of NH4NO3 to obtain a suitable WS carrier material with high possibility to improve nutrient and water holding capacity in soil.
Marcela Calabi-Floody; Jorge Medina; Jonathan Suazo; Manuel Ordiqueo; Humberto Aponte; Maria Luz Mora; Cornelia Rumpel. Optimization of wheat straw co-composting for carrier material development. Waste Management 2019, 98, 37 -49.
AMA StyleMarcela Calabi-Floody, Jorge Medina, Jonathan Suazo, Manuel Ordiqueo, Humberto Aponte, Maria Luz Mora, Cornelia Rumpel. Optimization of wheat straw co-composting for carrier material development. Waste Management. 2019; 98 ():37-49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcela Calabi-Floody; Jorge Medina; Jonathan Suazo; Manuel Ordiqueo; Humberto Aponte; Maria Luz Mora; Cornelia Rumpel. 2019. "Optimization of wheat straw co-composting for carrier material development." Waste Management 98, no. : 37-49.
Carbon has been stored in the organic layers of boreal-forest soils for hundreds of years. An analysis reveals that this carbon might be released into the atmosphere as global warming increases the frequency of wildfires. Legacy carbon could be released from boreal forest soils as Earth warms.
Cornelia Rumpel. Soils linked to climate change. Nature 2019, 572, 442 -443.
AMA StyleCornelia Rumpel. Soils linked to climate change. Nature. 2019; 572 (7770):442-443.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCornelia Rumpel. 2019. "Soils linked to climate change." Nature 572, no. 7770: 442-443.
Cornelia Rumpel; Farshad Amiraslani; Claire Chenu; Magali Garcia Cardenas; Martin Kaonga; Lydie-Stella Koutika; Jagdish Ladha; Beata Madari; Yasuhito Shirato; Pete Smith; Brahim Soudi; Jean-Francois Soussana; David Whitehead; Eva Wollenberg. Response to “The “4p1000” initiative: A new name should be adopted” by Baveye and White (2019). Ambio 2019, 49, 363 -364.
AMA StyleCornelia Rumpel, Farshad Amiraslani, Claire Chenu, Magali Garcia Cardenas, Martin Kaonga, Lydie-Stella Koutika, Jagdish Ladha, Beata Madari, Yasuhito Shirato, Pete Smith, Brahim Soudi, Jean-Francois Soussana, David Whitehead, Eva Wollenberg. Response to “The “4p1000” initiative: A new name should be adopted” by Baveye and White (2019). Ambio. 2019; 49 (1):363-364.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCornelia Rumpel; Farshad Amiraslani; Claire Chenu; Magali Garcia Cardenas; Martin Kaonga; Lydie-Stella Koutika; Jagdish Ladha; Beata Madari; Yasuhito Shirato; Pete Smith; Brahim Soudi; Jean-Francois Soussana; David Whitehead; Eva Wollenberg. 2019. "Response to “The “4p1000” initiative: A new name should be adopted” by Baveye and White (2019)." Ambio 49, no. 1: 363-364.
Decomposition is a major flux of the carbon cycle in forest soils and understanding the involved processes is a key for budgeting carbon turnover. Decomposition is constrained by the presence of biological agents such as microorganisms and the underlying environmental conditions such as water availability. A metabarcoding approach of ribosomal markers was chosen to study the succession of bacterial and fungal decomposers on root litter. Litterbags containing pine roots were buried in a pine forest for two years and sequentially sampled. Decomposition and the associated communities were surveyed under ambient dry and long-term irrigation conditions. Early decomposition stages were characterized by the presence of fast-cycling microorganisms such as Bacteroidetes and Helotiales, which were then replaced by more specialized bacteria and litter-associated or parasitic groups such as Acidobacteria, white rots, and Pleosporales. This succession was likely driven by a decrease of easily degradable carbohydrates and a relative increase in persistent compounds such as lignin. We hypothesize that functional redundancy among the resident microbial taxa caused similar root decomposition rates in control and irrigated forest soils. These findings have important implications for drought-prone Alpine forests as frequent drought events reduce litter fall, but not litter decomposition, potentially resulting in lower carbon stocks.
Claude Herzog; Martin Hartmann; Beat Frey; Beat Stierli; Cornelia Rumpel; Nina Buchmann; Ivano Brunner. Microbial succession on decomposing root litter in a drought-prone Scots pine forest. The ISME Journal 2019, 13, 2346 -2362.
AMA StyleClaude Herzog, Martin Hartmann, Beat Frey, Beat Stierli, Cornelia Rumpel, Nina Buchmann, Ivano Brunner. Microbial succession on decomposing root litter in a drought-prone Scots pine forest. The ISME Journal. 2019; 13 (9):2346-2362.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaude Herzog; Martin Hartmann; Beat Frey; Beat Stierli; Cornelia Rumpel; Nina Buchmann; Ivano Brunner. 2019. "Microbial succession on decomposing root litter in a drought-prone Scots pine forest." The ISME Journal 13, no. 9: 2346-2362.
To maintain grassland productivity and limit resource depletion, scarce mineral P (phosphorus) fertilizers must be replaced by alternative P sources. The effect of these amendments on plant growth may depend on physicochemical soil parameters, in particular pH. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soil pH on biomass production, P use efficiency, and soil P forms after P amendment application (100 mg kg−1 P) using poultry manure compost (PM), rock phosphate (RP), and their combination (PMRP). We performed a growth chamber experiment with ryegrass plants (Lolium perenne) grown on two soil types with contrasting pH under controlled conditions for 7 weeks. Chemical P fractions, biomass production, and P concentrations were measured to calculate plant uptake and P use efficiency. We found a strong synergistic effect on the available soil P, while antagonistic effects were observed for ryegrass production and P uptake. We conclude that although the combination of PM and RP has positive effects in terms of soil P availability, the combined effects of the mixture must be taken into account and further evaluated for different soil types and grassland plants to maximize synergistic effects and to minimize antagonistic ones.
Patricia Poblete-Grant; Philippe Biron; Thierry Bariac; Paula Cartes; Maria Luz Mora; Cornelia Rumpel. Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Poultry Manure and Phosphate Rock on Soil P Availability, Ryegrass Production, and P Uptake. Agronomy 2019, 9, 191 .
AMA StylePatricia Poblete-Grant, Philippe Biron, Thierry Bariac, Paula Cartes, Maria Luz Mora, Cornelia Rumpel. Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Poultry Manure and Phosphate Rock on Soil P Availability, Ryegrass Production, and P Uptake. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (4):191.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatricia Poblete-Grant; Philippe Biron; Thierry Bariac; Paula Cartes; Maria Luz Mora; Cornelia Rumpel. 2019. "Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Poultry Manure and Phosphate Rock on Soil P Availability, Ryegrass Production, and P Uptake." Agronomy 9, no. 4: 191.
Climate change adaptation, mitigation and food security may be addressed at the same time by enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration through environmentally sound land management practices. This is promoted by the “4 per 1000” Initiative, a multi-stakeholder platform aiming at increasing SOC storage through sustainable practices. The scientific and technical committee of the Initiative is working to identify indicators, research priorities and region-specific practices needed for their implementation. The Initiative received its name due to the global importance of soils for climate change, which can be illustrated by a thought experiment showing that an annual growth rate of only 0.4% of the standing global SOC stocks would have the potential to counterbalance the current increase in atmospheric CO2. However, there are numerous barriers to the rise in SOC stocks and while SOC sequestration can contribute to partly offsetting greenhouse gas emissions, its main benefits are related to increased soil quality and climate change adaptation. The Initiative provides a collaborative platform for policy makers, practitioners, scientists and stakeholders to engage in finding solutions. Criticism of the Initiative has been related to the poor definition of its numerical target, which was not understood as an aspirational goal. The objective of this paper is to present the aims of the initiative, to discuss critical issues and to present challenges for its implementation. We identify barriers, risks and trade-offs and advocate for collaboration between multiple parties in order to stimulate innovation and to initiate the transition of agricultural systems toward sustainability.
Cornelia Rumpel; Farshad Amiraslani; Claire Chenu; Magaly Garcia Cardenas; Martin Kaonga; Lydie-Stella Koutika; Jagdish Ladha; Beata Madari; Yasuhito Shirato; Pete Smith; Brahim Soudi; Jean-Francois Soussana; David Whitehead; Eva Wollenberg. The 4p1000 initiative: Opportunities, limitations and challenges for implementing soil organic carbon sequestration as a sustainable development strategy. Ambio 2019, 49, 350 -360.
AMA StyleCornelia Rumpel, Farshad Amiraslani, Claire Chenu, Magaly Garcia Cardenas, Martin Kaonga, Lydie-Stella Koutika, Jagdish Ladha, Beata Madari, Yasuhito Shirato, Pete Smith, Brahim Soudi, Jean-Francois Soussana, David Whitehead, Eva Wollenberg. The 4p1000 initiative: Opportunities, limitations and challenges for implementing soil organic carbon sequestration as a sustainable development strategy. Ambio. 2019; 49 (1):350-360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCornelia Rumpel; Farshad Amiraslani; Claire Chenu; Magaly Garcia Cardenas; Martin Kaonga; Lydie-Stella Koutika; Jagdish Ladha; Beata Madari; Yasuhito Shirato; Pete Smith; Brahim Soudi; Jean-Francois Soussana; David Whitehead; Eva Wollenberg. 2019. "The 4p1000 initiative: Opportunities, limitations and challenges for implementing soil organic carbon sequestration as a sustainable development strategy." Ambio 49, no. 1: 350-360.
Increasing soil carbon stocks in agricultural grasslands has a strong potential to mitigate climate change. However, large uncertainties around the drivers of soil respiration hinder our ability to identify management practices that enhance soil carbon sequestration. In a context where more intense and prolonged droughts are predicted in many regions, it is critical to understand how different management practices will temper drought-induced carbon losses through soil respiration. In this study, we compared the impact of changing soil volumetric water content during a drought on soil respiration in permanent grasslands managed either as grazed by dairy cows or as a mowing regime. Across treatments, root biomass explained 43% of the variability in soil respiration (p < 0.0001). Moreover, analysis of the isotopic composition of CO2 emitted from the soil, roots, and root-free soil suggested that the autotrophic component largely dominated soil respiration. Soil respiration was positively correlated with soil water content (p = 0.03) only for the grazed treatment. Our results suggest that the effect of soil water content on soil respiration was attributable mainly to an effect on root and rhizosphere activity in the grazed treatment. We conclude that farm management practices can alter the relationship between soil respiration and soil water content.
Gabriel Y. K. Moinet; Andrew J. Midwood; John E. Hunt; Cornelia Rumpel; Peter Millard; Abad Chabbi. Grassland Management Influences the Response of Soil Respiration to Drought. Agronomy 2019, 9, 124 .
AMA StyleGabriel Y. K. Moinet, Andrew J. Midwood, John E. Hunt, Cornelia Rumpel, Peter Millard, Abad Chabbi. Grassland Management Influences the Response of Soil Respiration to Drought. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (3):124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel Y. K. Moinet; Andrew J. Midwood; John E. Hunt; Cornelia Rumpel; Peter Millard; Abad Chabbi. 2019. "Grassland Management Influences the Response of Soil Respiration to Drought." Agronomy 9, no. 3: 124.