Since Spartina alterniflora (simplified as Spartina) has strong ecological competitiveness and rapid growth, it has been introduced and living in the coastal wetland regions of China for more than 30 years. Taking coastal wetland in the Beibu Gulf of south China as an example, the effects of Spartina invasion on soil quality were investigated to provide scientific basis for soil management. The soil quality of six different coastal wetlands, i.e. mangrove (vegetation coverage is above 95%), mangrove- Spartina ecotones (vegetation coverage is above 95%), sparse mangrove (vegetation coverage is 10%-20%), sparse mangrove- Spartina ecotones (vegetation coverage is about 80%), Spartina (vegetation coverage is about 80%) and bare beach (no plants), were analyzed using the following indicators: pH, cation exchange capacity, contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, microbial carbon / organic carbon, and activities of urease, acid phosphatase, invertase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase. The results showed that compared to mangrove wetland, most indicators in the mangrove-Spartina wetland showed a decline tendency except pH value, and the contents of total phosphorus and organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen, and the activities of acid phosphatase and invertase were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared to sparse mangrove wetland and bare beach, the Spartina invasion wetland (sparse mangrove-Spartina wetland and Spartina wetland) had higher contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, cation exchange capacity and the activities of urease and acid phosphatase, so soil quality in the sparse mangrove wetland and bare beach was significantly improved. Factor Analysis and PCA also showed that: the quality of mangrove wetland soil is better than that of mangrove-Spartina ecotones wetland soil; the quality of sparse mangrove-Spartina ecotones wetland soil is better than that of sparse mangrove wetland soil; the quality of Spartina wetland soil is better than that of bare beach wetland soil. Therefore, in the invaded Beibu Gulf wetland ecosystems of south China, for the mangrove wetlands where the productivity of native plant was higher than that of Spartina, the Spartina invasion can cause soil degradation significantly and it must be strictly controlled, while for sparse mangrove wetland and bare beach where the productivity of native plant was lower than that of Spartina, Spartina invasion can improve the soil quality. Thus our study may help to better understand the effect of plant invasion.

Pueraria thomsonii is a leguminous plant with high root yield and starch content. It is also a medicinal material in the Chinese pharmacopeia. However, the raw materials of P. thomsonii are often confused with some non-medicinal Pueraria plants. To enrich the genetic resources of P. thomsonii and guide its molecular identification, the complete chloroplast genome was sequenced and reported. The total genome of P. thomsonii is 153,434 bp in length. consisting of two inverted repeat regions (IR_S, 25,640 bp each) separated by a large single-copy (LSC, 84,155 bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC, 17,999 bp). The overall GC content is 35.41%. It contains 130 genes, including 85 protein coding genes, 8 rRNA genes and 37 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that P. thomsonii could be distinguished from other plants and closely related to the legume Pachyrhizus erosus. This study enriches the genetic information of P. thomsonii and contributes to the screening of excellent germplasm.

With the development of global economy, the sustainable use of land resources has become a key research topic in the current social and economic development. To do a good job in the sustainable use of land resources can solve such problems as waste of land resources, quality degradation, environmental damage, ecological imbalance and so on. How to realize the sustainable utilization of resources, the first thing to be solved is the sustainable monitoring of land resources. At present, many researches have been done in this field at home and abroad, but in conclusion, there are some problems, that is, the basic theory is not deep and the practical application is less. Therefore, this paper will study the application of the monitoring system of the sustainable use of soil and land resources under the support of the Internet of things big data technology, and establish a practical monitoring system of the sustainable use of land resources. The monitoring system in this paper makes full use of modern science and technology. On the basis of intelligent technology, combined with the actual situation of land resources in China, according to the practical problems, the construction principles of evaluation index system and index construction are established. In the aspect of monitoring system construction, we have greatly optimized the traditional construction method, which makes the system in this paper have better adaptability, scalability and accuracy. In order to further verify the reliability of the system, this paper carries out the performance test, accuracy test, and monitoring test in extremely harsh environment. Finally, the data show that the system can be applied to most of the land environment to monitor the sustainability of land resources.

Ant colony algorithm is a novel category of bionic meta-heuristic algorithm, and parallel computation and positive feedback mechanism are adopted in this algorithm. In this paper, we present a new approach to the convergence proof of the ant colony algorithm. Here the theoretical proof for the convergence properties of the ant colony algorithm is conducted by using Markov chains and martingale theory. When the iteration time is infinite, the pheromone trail vector almost surely converge to the optimum solution. The event that at least one ant transverse an optimal path. Together with the solution set, is a positive bounded submartingale. Then, the definition of the first passage time for the ant colony algorithm is proposed, and the theoretical analysis for the expected value of the first passage time is also performed. Finally, a Matlab GUI-based ant colony algorithm simulation platform is developed in this paper, and the interface of this simulation platform is very friendly, easy to use and modify

This paper proposes an adaptive fault-tolerant control scheme for nonaffine nonlinear systems. A model approximation method which is a solution that bridges the gap between affine and nonaffine control systems is developed firstly. A joint estimation approach is based on unscented Kalman filter, in which both failure parameters and states are simultaneously estimated by means of the argument state vector composed of the unknown faults and states. Then, stability analysis is given for the closed-loop system. Finally, the proposed approach is verified using a three-degree-of-freedom simulation of a typical fighter aircraft and the significantly improved system response demonstrates the practical potential of the theoretic results obtained.