Background: This study evaluated cardiovascular health, dietary habits, physical activity, depression, and sleep quality in young university adults. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional design was used to assess anthropometric, biochemical, and cardiovascular health behaviors. The study included 158 university students aged 18 to 30 years (65% women, 35% men, average age: 20.3 ± 2.4 years), selected through non-probabilistic sampling. Measurements included BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol, and visceral fat using bioelectrical impedance. Health behaviors were evaluated via questionnaires on physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, ultra-processed food consumption, and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The cardiovascular health index was assessed with the "Life's Essential 8" questionnaire and depression was assessed with Beck Depression Inventory. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Fisher's F test, Student's t-test, and simple linear regression, conducted using SPSS Statistics version 25.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2017. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp), with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Women showed better adherence to healthy behaviors. Higher fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity were associated with lower visceral fat. Higher visceral fat is correlated with increased blood pressure and decreased HDL cholesterol. Smoking and frequent ultra-processed food consumption were linked to higher depression scores, which were associated with poorer sleep quality. Conclusion: Healthy lifestyle habits are crucial for physical and mental health, providing a basis for public health interventions.

M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1-AChR), a member of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) family, plays a crucial role in learning and memory, making it an important drug target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia. M1-AChR activation and deactivation have shown modifying effects in AD and PD preclinical models, respectively. However, understanding the pharmacology associated with M1-AChR activation or deactivation is complex, because of the low selectivity among muscarinic subtypes, hampering their therapeutic applications. In this regard, we constructed two quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models, one for M1-AChR agonists (total and partial), and the other for the antagonists. The binding mode of 59 structurally different compounds, including agonists and antagonists with experimental binding affinity values (pKi), were analyzed employing computational molecular docking over different structures of M1-AChR. Furthermore, we considered the interaction energy (E_inter), the number of rotatable bonds (NRB), and lipophilicity (ilogP) for the construction of the QSAR model for agonists (R² = 89.64, Q_LMO ² = 78, and Q_ext ² = 79.1). For the QSAR model of antagonists (R² = 88.44, Q_LMO ² = 82, and Q_ext ² = 78.1) we considered the E_inter, the fraction of sp³ carbons fCsp³, and lipophilicity (MlogP). Our results suggest that the ligand volume is a determinant to establish its biological activity (agonist or antagonist), causing changes in binding energy, and determining the affinity for M1-AChR.

The influence of sex on the vascular response during the progression of myocardial infarction (MI) has not been extensively studied. In this work, we analyzed the differences of the vasoconstriction-induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) in the absence and presence of valsartan (200 nM) on the aortic rings of male and female Wistar rats at 2, 4, 24, and 48 h and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after induction of MI. In the aortic rings of males an increase was observed in the contractile response that lasts up to 4 weeks; on females, this effect is diminished since 48 h until reaching sham group values at 2 weeks of coronary occlusion. The incubation of valsartan generated greater reduction on vasoconstriction in males than females. In relation to the determination of infarct areas, we found them between 30-40% in all experimental groups. In addition, the index of hypertrophy was determined and no significant changes were observed in female rats while in males we reported an increase at 2, 3 and 4 weeks. In conclusion, we found differences in vascular reactivity due to sex as well as on the response of Ang II via AT1 during the evolution of myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Academic motivation is an essential component in educational development, influencing the resolution of academic tasks and challenges. Academic motivation can be classified as intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation, each with specific subcategories that differently affect students' educational trajectories. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the academic motivation of dentistry students and their educational trajectory. Materials and Methods: Vallerand's Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) was used to measure intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in a sample of 225 dentistry students from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Additionally, information on students' educational trajectory was collected through their grade records. Results: The results showed a positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and educational trajectory, indicating that students with higher intrinsic motivation have better educational trajectories. Amotivation was negatively related to educational trajectory. Regarding extrinsic motivation, identified regulation and introjected regulation showed positive relationships with educational trajectory, while external regulation did not show a significant relationship. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the relationship between academic motivation and educational trajectory.